Annotated Swadesh wordlists for the Yuman group (Hokan family).

Languages included: Mojave [yum-moj], Cocopa [yum-coc], Yavapai [yum-yav], Jamul Tiipay [yum-tii], Mesa Grande ’Iipay [yum-iip].

DATA SOURCES

I. Mojave.

Munro et al. 1992 = Munro, Pamela, Nellie Brown, and Judith G. Crawford. A Mojave dictionary. (UCLA Occasional Papers in Linguistics, Volume 10). Los Angeles: Department of Linguistics, University of California, Los Angeles. // An extensive dictionary of Mojave language with textual examples. Includes inflectional and derivational information.

Munro 1976 = Munro, Pamela. Mojave syntax. (Garland Studies in American Indian Linguistics). New York: Garland Publishing, Inc. // The only published monograph on Mojave grammar. Includes a survey of phonology and inflectional morphology.

II. Cocopa.

Crawford 1989 = Crawford, James M. Cocopa Dictionary. (University of California Publications in Linguistics, Volume 114). Berkeley, Los Angeles, London: University of California Press. // A large dictionary of the Cocopa language with grammatical information and textual examples.

Crawford 1966 = Crawford, James M. The Cocopa Language. Ph.D. dissertation. University of California, Berkeley. // A descriptive grammar of the Cocopa language.

Crawford 1983 = Crawford, James M. Cocopa Texts. (University of California Publications in Linguistics, Volume 100). Berkeley, Los Angeles, London: University of California Press. // A large collection of Cocopa texts with English translations.

III. Yavapai.

Shaterian 1983 = Shaterian, Alan William. Phonology and Dictionary of Yavapai. Ph.D. dissertation. University of California, Berkeley. // An extensive analysis of Yavapai phonology, accompanied by a large dictionary of the language. In the dictionary, words with more than one consonant before the root vowel are given several times, one time under each consonant. That is, the word with the structure C₁(V)C₂(V)C₃V will be given under C₁, under C₂, under C₃, and in the English-Yavapai section. Sometimes the forms of the same word given in various places may slightly differ. Perusal of the dictionary leads us to the conclusion that the forms given in the English-Yavapai section are transcribed more accurately. Therefore, in such cases preference is given to the transcription in the English-Yavapai section of the dictionary.

IV. Jamul Tiipay.

Miller 2001 = Miller, Amy. A Grammar of Jamul Tiipay. (Mouton Grammar Library 23). Berlin, New York: Mouton de Gruyter. // A descriptive grammar of the Jamul variety of the Tiipay language – one of the Kumeyaay (Diegueño) languages, formerly considered dialects of Diegueño.

V. Mesa Grande ’Iipay.

Couro & Hutcheson 1973 = Couro, Ted; Hutcheson, Christina. Dictionary of Mesa Grande Diegueño. ’Iipay Aa – English / English – ’Iipay Aa. Banning, California: Malki Museum Press. // A small dictionary of Mesa Grande ’Iipay in a phonologically adequate practical orthography. Words are given in inflected form.

Langdon 1970 = Langdon, Margaret. A Grammar of Diegueño. The Mesa Grande Dialect. Berkeley, Los Angeles, London: University of California Press. // A descriptive grammar of Mesa Grande ’Iipay. One of the best grammars of Yuman languages.

NOTES

I. Mojave.

1) The main stress in Mojave usually falls on the last syllable. In [Munro et al. 1992] stress is noted only when it is not final. We follow this orthographic convention.

2) When pronounced in isolation, words with underlying initial vowel have an aspirated onset, indistinguishable from phonemic /h/. Following [Munro et al. 1992] and [Munro 1976], we do not write this prothetic [h].

3) Peculiarities of the Mojave alphabet are transliterated as follows:

ch	č
d	ð
hw	hʷ
kw	kʷ
ky	kʸ
ly	ʎ
ny	ɲ
qw	qʷ
sh	š
th	θ
t-h	th
'	ʔ
VV	Vː
V-V	VV

II. Cocopa.

The Cocopa alphabet is transliterated as follows:

p	p
t	t̪
ṭ	t
c	č
k	k
kʷ	kʷ
q	q
qʷ	qʷ
Ɂ	Ɂ
s	s
ṣ	ʂ
š	š
x	x
xʷ	xʷ
ɬ	ɬ
ɬʸ	ʎ̥
l	l
lʸ	ʎ
m	m
n	n
nʸ	ɲ
w	w
y	y
r	ɾ
i	i
u	u
a	a
Vˑ	Vː
V́	ˈV
V	ˌV

III. Yavapai.

The transcription that is used by A. Shaterian almost completely coincides with UTS. The only difference is in the way of marking suprasegmental features, transliterated by us as follows:

á	ˈa
â	ˈâ
ā	ˈá
ǎ	ˈá ~ ˈâ
à	ˌa

IV. Jamul Tiipay.

The Jamul Tiipay alphabet is transliterated as follows:

p	p
t	t̪
tt	t
ch	č
k	k
kw	kʷ
k.w	kw
ʼ	ʔ
s	s
sh	š
x	x
xw	xʷ
x.w	xw
ll	ɬ
lly	ʎ̥
l	l
ly	ʎ
r	r
m	m
n	n
ny	ɲ
y	y
w	w
i	i
u	u
a	a
e	ǝ
VV	Vː

V. Mesa Grande ’Iipay.

The Mesa Grande ’Iipay alphabet is transliterated as follows:

p	p
t	t̪
tt	t
ch	č
k	k
kw	kʷ
q	q
'	ʔ
v	β
s	s
sh	ʂ
h	x
hw	xʷ
ll	ɬ
lly	ɬʸ
l	l
ly	lʸ
rr	r
r	ɹ
m	m
n	n̪
nn	n
ny	nʸ
y	y
w	w
i	i
u	u
a	a
o	o
e	ǝ
ee	eː
VV	Vː

Database compiled and annotated by: M. Zhivlov (last update: September 2015).