Austro-Asiatic etymology : List with all references

Notes: The etymology is both phonetically and semantically secure. Not quite clear is the origin of PTs nasalisation (just as in another case, PEC *ʔiǯwVr 'lick' > PTs *=ãč-). Andian languages reflect only a deverbal noun (with a frequent circumfix *b- -n).

caucet-prnum,caucet-meaning,caucet-aand,caucet-cez,caucet-lezg,caucet-abad,caucet-comment,

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Avar-Andian etymology :

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Protoform: *bižun

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: needle, knitting needle

Andian language: bežun

Akhvakh: mežu

Chamalal: bezũ

Tindi: bežun

Karata: bežun

Botlikh: bežun

Bagvalal: bežũ

Godoberi: bežun

Comments: Cf. also Akhv. Ratl. bežun, Tseg., Tlan. bužun, Cham. Gig. bezun.

aandet-prnum,aandet-meaning,aandet-and,aandet-akv,aandet-chm,aandet-tnd,aandet-krt,aandet-btl,aandet-bgv,aandet-gdb,aandet-comment,

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Tsezian etymology :

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Proto-Tsezian: *ʔãč-

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: 1 to sharpen, whet 2 whetstone

Khvarshi: =ač-eχ- 1 (Radzhibov)

Bezhta: ä̃č- (Tlad.) 1

Gunzib: ãčun 2

Comments: PGB *ʔãč- 'to sharpen' (cf. also Bezht. Khosh. äč- ), *ʔãčun 'whetstone' (cf. also Bezht. Tlad. ä̃čün, Khosh. äčün).

cezet-prnum,cezet-meaning,cezet-khv,cezet-bzt,cezet-gnz,cezet-comment,

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Lezghian etymology :

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Proto-Lezghian: *ʡeč:ʷa-

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: 1 to sharpen, whet 2 to polish 3 whetstone

Lezghian: k:ünü 3

Tabasaran: ulǯ̌am 3

Agul: ʕulžan 3

Rutul: uǯu-d 3

Tsakhur: h-e=že- 2

Archi: =eIč:a- 1

Comment: The verbal stem is preserved only in Tsakh. and Archi (cf. also Arch. dur. =eIrč:u-r pointing to labialisation in PL). Most other languages reflect only the derivate *ʡelč:ʷana 'whetstone' (in Lezg. with a secondary -j-suffixation: k:ünü < *ʡe(l)č:ʷanVj); besides the forms cited cf. also Tab. Kand. ilǯ̌an, Düb. hilǯ̌an, Ag. Bursh. ʕulǯem, Burk. ʡülǯan, Fit. ħurǯin, Tsakh. wɨžena (Gelm. wužana). Other derivates are: Rut. uǯud < *ʡeč:ʷV-t:V; Arch. čun 'knitting needle' < *(ʡi)č:ʷV-nV.

The medial *-l- in *ʡelč:ʷana must be probably explained from *-r-, having penetrated here from the verbal durative stem (cf. Arch. =eIrč:u-r) and modified to *-l- under the influence of the following nasal (a usual development, especially in verbal paradigms).

lezget-prnum,lezget-meaning,lezget-lzg,lezget-tab,lezget-agu,lezget-rut,lezget-cak,lezget-arc,lezget-comment,

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Abkhaz-Adyghe etymology :

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Proto-West-Caucasian: *č:ʷa-nǝ

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: 1 to sharpen, whet 2 sharp

Adyghe: č́ān 2

Kabardian: žān 2

Ubykh: čan- 1

Comments: PAK *č́:ánǝ. Despite Abdokov (1973, 50) the Adygh word can not be related to Ub. (n)dan 'sharp' for phonetic reasons; but Ub. čan- 'to sharpen' is a perfect match (and it can not be considered a loan from Ad. because of its non-palatalised č- and verbal function).

abadet-prnum,abadet-meaning,abadet-adg,abadet-kab,abadet-ubk,abadet-comment,

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Yenisseian etymology :

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Proto-Yenisseian: *ʔete

Sino-Caucasian etymology: Sino-Caucasian etymology

Meaning: sharp

Ket: ēti¹, South. ēt, pl. ɛtiŋ⁵

Yug: ēt / ejt, pl. ɛtiŋ⁵

Kottish: ēti, g. ētī, pl. ētaŋ

Pumpokol: etɨkup (Срсл.,) "sharply" [= Yug.?]

Comments: ССЕ 189. Werner 1, 273. Despite Bouda and Timonina, similarity to PT *jitig 'sharp' is most probably accidental.

yenet-prnum,yenet-meaning,yenet-ket,yenet-sym,yenet-kot,yenet-pum,yenet-notes,

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