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North Bahnaric etymology :
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Proto-North-Bahnaric: *sak.L
Meaning: hair
Rengao form: sak.L
Rengao meaning: hair
Jeh form: suk.T LOAN?
Jeh meaning: hair
Sedang form: sak.L
Sedang meaning: hair
Mo'dra: sak.T
Didra: sak.T
References: GS-80
nobet-meaning,nobet-prnum,nobet-ren,nobet-renme,nobet-jeh,nobet-jehme,nobet-sed,nobet-sedme,nobet-modr,nobet-didr,nobet-refer,
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Bahnar etymology :
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Proto-Bahnaric: *sɔ̆k
Meaning: hair
Presyllable: #
Bahnar: sɔk
Bahnar meaning: hair, feather
Proto-South Bahnaric: *sɔk Proto-West Bahnaric: *sok Proto-Northwest-Bahnaric: *sok Cua: hlo:k hair
References: JS-553; TB5.44
banet-meaning,banet-prpr,banet-prnum,banet-bah,banet-bahme,banet-nob,banet-sob,banet-web,banet-nwb,banet-har,banet-cua,banet-refer,
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South Bahnaric etymology :
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Proto-South Bahnaric: *sɔk
Meaning: hair
Chrau form: sɔʔ
Chrau meaning: hair
Stieng form: sɔk
Stieng meaning: hair
References: SBS-500
sobet-meaning,sobet-prnum,sobet-chr,sobet-chrme,sobet-sti,sobet-stime,sobet-refer,
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West Bahnaric etymology :
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Proto-West- Bahnaric: *sok
Meaning: hair
Jaru form: sok
Jaru meaning: hair
Lavi: sok
Juk: sok
Nhaheung form: sɔk
Nhaheung meaning: hair
Brao form: sâk
Brao meaning: hair
References: JS-553
webet-meaning,webet-prnum,webet-jr,webet-jrme,webet-lve,webet-jk,webet-nha,webet-nhame,webet-brao,webet-brame,webet-refer,
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North-West Bahnaric etymology :
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Proto-North-West- Bahnaric: *sok
Meaning: hair
Tariang: sok
Kaseng: sok
Yaeh: sɔk
nwbet-meaning,nwbet-prnum,nwbet-tr,nwbet-ks,nwbet-yh,
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Harak etymology :
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Proto-Harak: *sok
Meaning: hair
Harak: sɔk
haret-meaning,haret-prnum,haret-hr,
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Austro-Asiatic etymology :
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Proto-Austro-Asiatic: *sok /*sɔ:k
Meaning: hair
Proto-Khmu: *sɔ:k
References: Kh 720, VHL 143, S-386
aaet-meaning,aaet-prnum,aaet-kat,aaet-bah,aaet-kmr,aaet-pear,aaet-vim,aaet-mon,aaet-pawa,aaet-kmu,aaet-asli,aaet-bib,
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Katuic etymology :
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Proto-Katuic: *sok
Meaning: hair
Presyllable: #
References: P-960; TK5.50
katet-meaning,katet-prpr,katet-prnum,katet-wkat,katet-ekat,katet-bibref,
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West Katuic etymology :
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Proto-West Katuic: *sok
Meaning: hair
Presyllable: #
Bru Van Keu: sɔk
Bru Van Keu meaning: hair
So: sok.N
So meaning: hair
Bru: sɔʔ.N
Bru meaning: hair
Sou: soʔ
Kui: sɔʔ.N
Kui meaning: hair
Kuay: sɔʔ.N
Kuay meaning: hair
Ngeu: sɔʔ.N
Ngeu meaning: hair
wkatet-meaning,wkatet-wpre,wkatet-prnum,wkatet-vkv,wkatet-vkvme,wkatet-so,wkatet-some,wkatet-bru,wkatet-brume,wkatet-sou,wkatet-kui,wkatet-kuime,wkatet-kuay,wkatet-kuayme,wkatet-ngeu,wkatet-nyeume,
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East Katuic etymology :
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Proto-East Katuic: *sok / *sɔk
Meaning: hair
Presyllable: #
Pakoh: sok.T
Pakoh meaning: hair
Taojh: sok.T
Taojh meaning: hair (PT-204)
Lao Katu: sek V?
Lao Katu meaning: hair
Ngeq: sok
Ngeq meaning: hair
Kri: sok
Chatong: sok
Triw: sok
Dakkan dialects (2): suak V?
Dakkan meaning: hair
Katu dialects (1): sɔk
Katu dialects (2): sɔk
Katu dialects (3): sâk
Katu meaning: hair
ekatet-meaning,ekatet-epre,ekatet-prnum,ekatet-pak,ekatet-pakme,ekatet-tao,ekatet-taome,ekatet-lka,ekatet-lkame,ekatet-nge,ekatet-ngeme,ekatet-kr,ekatet-ct,ekatet-tr,ekatet-dkk,ekatet-dkme,ekatet-and,ekatet-hka,ekatet-hkv,ekatet-katme,
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Khmer etymology :
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Khmer: sɔk
Old Khmer: suk
Old Khmer Meaning: hair of the head
References: P496
kmret-prnum,kmret-okh,kmret-okmean,kmret-ref,
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Pearic etymology :
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Proto-Pearic: *suk.N
Meaning: hair
Presyllable: #/kǝ-
Chong: suk.A
Chong meaning: hair
Song: kǝsuk.A
Song meaning: hair
Kasong: suk.A
Kasong meaning: hair
Samre: suk.A
Samre meaning: hair
Suoi Kompong: sâʔ
References: H-440: *suk
pearet-meaning,pearet-prpr,pearet-prnum,pearet-chng,pearet-chngme,pearet-song,pearet-songme,pearet-kas,pearet-kasme,pearet-smr,pearet-smrme,pearet-skm,pearet-bib,
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Viet-Muong etymology :
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Proto-Viet-Muong: *suk, ʔǝ-
Meaning: hair
Vietnamese: tóc
Thomon: sak.31
Tum: sok.45
vimet-meaning,vimet-prnum,vimet-viet,vimet-thm,vimet-tum,
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Monic etymology :
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Proto-Monic: *sɔ:k
Meaning: head hair; tǝsok body hair
Presyllable: #
Modern Mon: sok
Old Mon: sok
Middle Mon: swok
Nyakur: sɔ:k.L
Nyakur meaning: hair
References: N118, N119; S-386
monet-meaning,monet-prpr,monet-prnum,monet-word,monet-om,monet-mm,monet-tc,monet-tcme,monet-bib,
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Palaung-Wa etymology :
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Proto-Palaung-Wa: *haɨk
Meaning: hair
Riang: huk.1
Riang meaning: hair
Lamet: huk.1, k- hair
Danaw: ńok.1 hair
pawaet-meaning,pawaet-prnum,pawaet-prwa,pawaet-prpl,pawaet-prde,pawaet-riang,pawaet-rimeam,pawaet-pran,pawaet-lamet,pawaet-danaw,
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Wa etymology :
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Proto-Wa:
Meaning: hair
Paraok: haɨk
Paraok meaning: hair
Wa: hâk
Wa meaning: hair
Ava: haik
Lawa: haɨk
Lawa meaning: hair
Um: hauk
Wa (dial.): hǝk.1
Wa (dial.) meaning: hair
References: D-122: *hɨk
prwaet-meaning,prwaet-prnum,prwaet-praok,prwaet-praokme,prwaet-meng,prwaet-mengme,prwaet-mas,prwaet-lawa,prwaet-lawame,prwaet-um,prwaet-gs,prwaet-gsme,prwaet-bib,
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Plang etymology :
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Proto-Plang: *haɨk
Meaning: hair
Bulang: hɨk.1
Bulang meaning: hair
Bulang-1: hɨk.51
Bulang-1 meaning: hair
Konto: hak.B.1
Konto meaning: hair
Samtao (Paulsen): hǝk.1
Samtao (Paulsen) meaning: hair
Samtao (Diffloth): hɨk.1
Samtao (Diffloth) meaning: hair
References: P-156: *hàk.1
prplet-meaning,prplet-prnum,prplet-mane,prplet-manme,prplet-sbl,prplet-sblme,prplet-kont,prplet-kontme,prplet-sap,prplet-sapme,prplet-sad,prplet-sadme,prplet-bib,
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De'ang etymology :
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Proto-De'ang: *hǝk
Meaning: hair
De'ang: huʔ
De'ang-1: hǝk
De'ang-2: hǝk.1
Rumai: hǝk.T
prdeet-meaning,prdeet-prnum,prdeet-dea,prdeet-dea1,prdeet-dea3,prdeet-rum,
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Angku etymology :
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Proto-Angku: *suk
Meaning: hair
Pangpin: suk.31
Shuangdiang: suk.31
Gantang: suk.33
Yongde: su.31
Mang'an: suk.33
U: suʔ.1
Hu: Suk.1
Huq: ɵuk.55
Khamet: suk.53
Khme: suk.31 khi.55
References: WW-156; S-115
pranet-meaning,pranet-prnum,pranet-phu,pranet-shj,pranet-ph2,pranet-yde,pranet-mnn,pranet-u,pranet-hu,pranet-huq,pranet-kme,pranet-kmq,pranet-bib,
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Aslian etymology :
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Proto-Aslian: *sVk
Meaning: feather, hair
Semelai: suk
Semoq Beri: suk
Kensiw: sok
Jahai: sɔk
Jah-Hut: sɔk
Semai: sɔ:k
Temiar: so:g
asliet-prnum,asliet-meaning,asliet-sml,asliet-ber,asliet-ken,asliet-jhi,asliet-jah,asliet-smi,asliet-tmi,
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Austric etymology :
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Proto-Austric: *ʔsVk
Meaning: hair
Austroasiatic meaning: hair
Munda parallels: Kar sɔʔ
Proto-Austronesian: *bukeS
Austronesian meaning: head hair
Austronesian code: 5:71
Notes: AN *buSek / *buSuk B1981
References: Diffloth 1994, Peiros 1998, 162, 163.
austr-meaning,austr-prnum,austr-aa,austr-aame,austr-mun,austr-an,austr-anme,austr-ancode,austr-notes,austr-bibl,
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Long-range etymologies :
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Borean (approx.) : CVKV
Meaning : hair
Notes : A lot of confusion. Originally probably at least two different roots: *CVq̇wV 'temple, hair on temple' (whence frequently 'ear': besides Eurasiatic cf. also Berb. *mǝẓẓūg 'ear', ND *ǯēx 'ear' and PAA *cVk 'ear; crest, comb') and *CVḳwV 'long hair' (cf. NC *[c]V̆ḳwV̆ 'long hair', ND *cīḳ 'hair of head'). A third root (*kVswV) may be represented by Austric *sVk / *kVs, IE *kais- and PNC *k(w)iśwɨ (cf. KVCV)
globet-meaning,globet-nostr,globet-afas,globet-scc,globet-austr,globet-notes,
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Nostratic etymology :
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Eurasiatic: *cVḳV
Meaning: temple, hair on temple
nostret-meaning,nostret-prnum,nostret-ier,nostret-alt,nostret-esk,
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Indo-European etymology :
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Proto-IE: *(s)kek-
Meaning: hair, head of hair, beard
Old Indian: kaca- m. `hair (esp. of the head)'
Slavic: *čekorъ (> Bulg чекор 'Knoten, Knorren, Ast, Zweig')
Russ. meaning: волосы, шевелюра, борода
References: WP II 400 f
piet-prnum,piet-meaning,piet-ind,piet-slav,piet-balt,piet-germ,piet-rusmean,piet-refer,
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Baltic etymology :
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Germanic etymology :
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Proto-Germanic: *xagrá-n; *skagjá-n, *skagjṓ
Meaning: beard
Old Norse: skegg n. `Bart; Eisenspitze am Bug; Mann'
Norwegian: dial. hagr n. `Haar aus dem Schweife oder der Mähne des Pferdes'
Swedish: skägg `Bart'
Danish: skjeg
Old English: sceacga, -an m. `hair of the head'; { to-scecgan }
English: shaggy
Dutch: scheg f. `wigvormig stuk hout; verbreding van voor- en achtersteven; vooruitspringend deel van voorsteven; scherpe kin; dicke snnee brood'
germet-meaning,germet-prnum,germet-onord,germet-norw,germet-swed,germet-dan,germet-oengl,germet-engl,germet-dutch,
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Altaic etymology :
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Proto-Altaic: *č`[i̯a]k`i
Meaning: temple; ear
Russian meaning: висок; ухо
Comments: KW 439, Poppe 55, АПиПЯЯ 294 (without the Tung. form), Дыбо 4, Лексика 203. The vocalism is not quite certain: a reconstruction of *-i̯a- is possible if we admit a secondary monophthongization *či̯a- > *ča- in PTM. altet-prnum,altet-meaning,altet-rusmean,altet-turc,altet-mong,altet-tung,altet-kor,altet-reference,
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Turkic etymology :
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Proto-Turkic: *čẹke
Meaning: 1 temple 2 cheekbone
Russian meaning: 1 висок 2 скула
Karakhanid: (MKypch.) čeke 1 (At-Tuhf.)
Tatar: čigɛ 1
Middle Turkic: čeke 'back of head' (Vam.) Uzbek: čakka 1, 2
Uighur: čekä 1
Turkmen: čekge 1, 2
Chuvash: čigǝ 1
Kirghiz: čeke 1
Kazakh: šeke 1
Noghai: šeke 1
Bashkir: sikä 1
Karaim: čege 1
Karakalpak: šeke 1
Kumyk: čeke 1
Comments: VEWT 103, TMN 3, 87f, Егоров 326, Лексика 203. Despite the lack of ancient attestation, the root is evidently archaic. turcet-prnum,turcet-meaning,turcet-rusmean,turcet-krh,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-trm,turcet-chv,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,turcet-nogx,turcet-bas,turcet-krmx,turcet-klpx,turcet-qum,turcet-reference,
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Mongolian etymology :
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Proto-Mongolian: *čiki
Meaning: ear
Russian meaning: ухо
Written Mongolian: čike, čiki(n) (L 181) Middle Mongolian: čikin (HY 45, SH), ček[ä]n (IM), čiqin (MA) Khalkha: čix(en)
Buriat: šexe(n)
Kalmuck: čikṇ
Ordos: ǯike(n)
Dongxian: čǝqeŋ, čǝGǝn, čɨGɨn
Baoan: čixaŋ, čixoŋ
Shary-Yoghur: čǝGǝn, čiGǝn
Mogol: čekin, čikin; ZM čeqin (2-1b) monget-prnum,monget-meaning,monget-rusmean,monget-wmo,monget-mmo,monget-hal,monget-bur,monget-kal,monget-ord,monget-dun,monget-bao,monget-dag,monget-yuy,monget-mgr,monget-mogh,monget-reference,
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Tungus etymology :
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Proto-Tungus-Manchu: *čaKar
Meaning: temple; eyelid
Russian meaning: висок; веко
Evenki: čakar
Even: čaqarba
Comments: ТМС 2, 378. Occasional forms with -o- (Evk. dial. čōkawran, čokomī, Evn. čoqъ̣rron) may actually reflect PA *č`òk`e q. v. tunget-prnum,tunget-meaning,tunget-rusmean,tunget-evk,tunget-evn,tunget-reference,
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Korean etymology :
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Proto-Korean: *čăkami
Meaning: chin of helmet
Russian meaning: подбородок шлема
Modern Korean: čagämi
Middle Korean: čăkami
koret-prnum,koret-meaning,koret-rusmean,koret-phn,koret-ako,koret-reference,
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Eskimo etymology :
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Proto-Eskimo: *ciɣunt
Meaning: ear
Russian meaning: ухо
Comments: The stem formally looks like a verbal instrumental noun.
Comparative Eskimo Dictionary: 75
esqet-prnum,esqet-meaning,esqet-rmean,esqet-yup,esqet-inup,esqet-newcom,esqet-refer,
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Yupik etymology :
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Proto-Yupik: *ciɣunt
Meaning: ear
Russian Meaning: ухо
Sirenik: sīɣǝta (ǝj)
Chaplino: siɣún (tǝt), siɣǝ́tǝk du.
Naukan: sítǝ, sítǝk du.
Alutiiq Alaskan Yupik: cūn
Chugach (Birket-Smith): cū̮n
Central Alaskan Yupik: ciun
Nunivak (Peripheral): tciūn*
Comparative Eskimo Dictionary: 75
yupet-prnum,yupet-mean,yupet-rmean,yupet-sir,yupet-chap,yupet-nauk,yupet-aay,yupet-chgm,yupet-cay,yupet-nun,yupet-ced,
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Inupik etymology :
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Proto-Inupik: *ciunt
Meaning: ear
Russian meaning: ухо
Seward Peninsula Inupik: siun
SPI Dialects: Imaq síûtɨ, W siun* (tik, tit)
North Alaskan Inupik: siun
NAI Dialects: B, Ingl siun*
Western Canadian Inupik: siun
WCI Dialects: Cor x́iun*, M siun*
Eastern Canadian Inupik: siuti
Greenlandic Inupik: siut (siut*)
Comparative Eskimo Dictionary: 75
inupet-prnum,inupet-meaning,inupet-rmean,inupet-spi,inupet-spis,inupet-nai,inupet-nais,inupet-wci,inupet-wcis,inupet-eci,inupet-gri,inupet-ced,
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Afroasiatic etymology :
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Proto-Afro-Asiatic: *c̣ag-(ar)
Meaning: hair
Low East Cushitic: *ḍagur- 'hair'
Notes: Scarce data.
afaset-meaning,afaset-prnum,afaset-wch,afaset-cch,afaset-agw,afaset-lec,afaset-scu,afaset-notes,
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West Chadic etymology :
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Proto-WChadic: *c̣ag-
Meaning: 'hair (in the horse tail)' 1, 'hair' 2
Hausa: c̣ágíyā́1
Cagu: gǝṣiya 2 [SkNb]
Notes: Met. in Cagu.
wchet-prnum,wchet-meaning,wchet-hsa,wchet-cag,wchet-notes,
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Central Chadic etymology :
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Proto-CChadic: *ʔVm-Cig-
Meaning: 'hair'
Logone: ʔǝ̀m-sǝ̀gǝ̀ [CLR:Kotk]
Buduma=Yedina: n-ǯígì [LBud], n-ǯǝ̀gǝ̀ [CLR: 177]
Gulfey: m-sege [Lk: 147]
cchet-prnum,cchet-meaning,cchet-log,cchet-bud,cchet-gul,
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Central Cushitic (Agaw) etymology :
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Proto-Agaw: *šVgwVR-
Meaning: 'hair' Cf. AA N 108, 211
Bilin: šǝgʷǝr
agwet-meaning,agwet-bil,
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Low East Cushitic etymology :
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South Cushitic etymology :
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Proto-South Cushitic: *c̣ag-
Meaning: 'hair'
Iraqw (Mbulu): c̣aga
scuet-prnum,scuet-meaning,scuet-irq,
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Sino-Caucasian etymology :
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Proto-Sino-Caucasian: *c̣Ăq̇wĀ
Meaning: tail, long hair
Comments and references : In PNC cf. also *ḳwV̆[c]V̆ (/*[c]V̆ḳwV̆) `tail' (a variant of the above?).
sccet-meaning,sccet-prnum,sccet-cauc,sccet-yen,sccet-notes,
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North Caucasian etymology :
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Proto-North Caucasian: *q̇wĀc̣Ă / *c̣Ăq̇wĀ
Meaning: tail
Notes: Although the root is not widely spread in EC, the comparison seems phonetically plausible (metathesis is usual in roots of this type). See also PNC *ḳwV̆[c]V 'tail': the mutual relationship of these two roots is not quite clear, and we prefer to keep them distinct (unlike Abdokov 1983, 85).
caucet-prnum,caucet-meaning,caucet-lezg,caucet-khin,caucet-abad,caucet-comment,
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Lezghian etymology :
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Proto-Lezghian: *q̇ʷVc̣-
Meaning: goat's tail
Tabasaran: q̇uc̣q̇uc̣
Comment: An isolated (within lezgian) and expressive stem (quoted from Khaidakov 1973.), but with possible external parallels.
lezget-prnum,lezget-meaning,lezget-tab,lezget-comment,
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Khinalug etymology :
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Khinalug root: q̇až
North Caucasian etymology: 678
Meaning: tail
Khinalug form: q̇až
Comments: Erg. q̇ač̣-i.
khinet-prnum,khinet-meaning,khinet-khi,khinet-comment,
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Abkhaz-Adyghe etymology :
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Proto-West-Caucasian: *c̣ǝq:ʷa
Meaning: tail
Abkhaz: a-c̣ǝ́χwa
Abaza: c̣ǝqwa
Comments: PAT *c̣ǝqʷa (cf. also Bz. a-c̣ǝ́χʷ).
abadet-prnum,abadet-meaning,abadet-abk,abadet-aba,abadet-comment,
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Yenisseian etymology :
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Proto-Yenisseian: *suK-
Meaning: plait
Kottish: šugai, šukai
Comments: ССЕ 277. Werner 2, 442.
yenet-prnum,yenet-meaning,yenet-kot,yenet-notes,
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