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Altaic etymology :
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Proto-Altaic: *k`ū̀ĺa (~-o,-u)
Meaning: a k. of big bird
Russian meaning: вид большой птицы
Comments: АПиПЯЯ 281, Дыбо 9, Лексика 168. A Western isogloss. The Turk. form can also be compared with PTM *kila- "a k. of aquatic bird" or *kulV- id. altet-prnum,altet-meaning,altet-rusmean,altet-turc,altet-mong,altet-tung,altet-reference,
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Turkic etymology :
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Proto-Turkic: *Kuĺ
Meaning: 1 bird 2 duck
Russian meaning: 1 птица 2 утка
Old Turkic: quš 1 (OUygh.)
Karakhanid: quš 1 (MK, KB) Turkish: kuš 1
Tatar: qoš 1
Uzbek: quš 1
Uighur: quš 1
Sary-Yughur: Gus 1
Azerbaidzhan: Guš 1
Turkmen: Guš 1
Khakassian: xus 1
Shor: quš 1; 'hen'
Oyrat: quš 1
Halaj: quš, Guš (< Az.) 'sparrow'
Yakut: kus 2
Dolgan: kus 2
Tuva: qu'š 1
Tofalar: qu'š 1
Kirghiz: quš 1
Kazakh: qus 1
Noghai: qus 1
Bashkir: qoš 1
Balkar: quš 1
Gagauz: quš 1
Karaim: quš 1
Karakalpak: qus 1
Salar: Guš 1
Kumyk: quš 1
turcet-prnum,turcet-meaning,turcet-rusmean,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,turcet-khal,turcet-jak,turcet-dolg,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,turcet-nogx,turcet-bas,turcet-blkx,turcet-gagx,turcet-krmx,turcet-klpx,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,turcet-reference,
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Mongolian etymology :
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Proto-Mongolian: *kuladu
Meaning: duck-hawk
Russian meaning: вид ястреба, лунь
Written Mongolian: quladu (L 984: qulatu) Middle Mongolian: quladu (SH) Khalkha: xult
Buriat: xulda
Kalmuck: xuldǝ
Ordos: xuladu
Comments: KW 195-196. Mong. > Shor quladɨ etc. (see VEWT 298, ЭСТЯ 6, 128-129). monget-prnum,monget-meaning,monget-rusmean,monget-wmo,monget-mmo,monget-hal,monget-bur,monget-kal,monget-ord,monget-reference,
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Tungus etymology :
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Proto-Tungus-Manchu: *xōlī
Meaning: raven, crow
Russian meaning: ворон, ворона
Evenki: ōlī
Even: olịnǯa
Negidal: ōlī.
Nanai: χolī.
Oroch: oli
Udighe: wali
Solon: oĺē, olī
Comments: ТМС 2, 13. TM > Dag. oĺē (Тод. Даг. 159). Shortness in Nan. is irregular (probably dissimilatory, before the next long vowel). tunget-prnum,tunget-meaning,tunget-rusmean,tunget-evk,tunget-evn,tunget-neg,tunget-nan,tunget-orc,tunget-ude,tunget-sol,tunget-reference,
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Nostratic etymology :
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Eurasiatic: *ḳUĺV
Meaning: a k. of bird
Comments: [For PD cf. also PA *ki̯ujilV (828)]
References: ND 877 *koĺu 'to fly, wing' (part of Alt. + Cush. + IE *gʷelw-?); 1033 *Ḳu/oḷV 'raven, crow' (TM + Ur.). nostret-meaning,nostret-prnum,nostret-ier,nostret-alt,nostret-ura,nostret-drav,nostret-esk,nostret-chuk,nostret-notes,nostret-reference,
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Indo-European etymology :
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Proto-IE: *kolomb- (kh-)
Meaning: pigeon
Old Greek: kólümbo-s m. `kleiner Tauchen, Podiceps minor'; kolümbís, kolümbás `id.'
Latin: columba, gen. -ae f., columbus, gen. -ī m. `Taube(r), Schlagtaube'
Russ. meaning: птица (голубь ?)
References: WP I 440 f
piet-prnum,piet-meaning,piet-greek,piet-slav,piet-lat,piet-rusmean,piet-refer,
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Vasmer's dictionary :
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Word: го́лубь
Near etymology: м., укр. го́луб, ст.-слав. голѫбь "περιστερά" (Супр.), болг. гъ́лъб, го́лъб, сербохорв. го̏лу̑б, словен. golȏb, чеш., слвц. holub, польск. goɫąb, в.-луж. hoɫub', hoɫb', н.-луж. góɫub', góɫb'.
Further etymology: Первоначально производное от названия цвета, но голубо́й ввиду ограниченного распространения в слав. явно вторично по отношению к *golǫbь, русск. го́лубь. Вероятно, родственно лит. gulbė̃ "лебедь", русск. желтый; см. Бернекер 1, 322; Мейе, Et. 322; MSL 14, 376; Петерссон, IF 34,245; Младенов 115. Сравнение с др.-прусск. gulbis "лебедь", лит. gulbė̃ (см. Прельвиц, ВВ 22, 102 и сл.; Педерсен, KZ 38, 311; Бругман, Grdr. II, 1,386 и сл.) не вполне надежно; см. Вальде -- Гофм. 1, 578; Бернекер, там же. Образование аналогично лат. columba -- то же, palumbēs "дикий голубь"; см. Мейе -- Вайан, RES 13, 102. Заимствование из лат. columba невозможно фонетически, вопреки Турнайзену (GGA 1907, 805), Шрадеру -- Нерингу (2, 514), Соболевскому (РФВ 71, 441); см. против -- Перссон 943; Вальде -- Гофм. 1,249, Шпехт (123), Петерссон (BSl. Wortst. 5) выдвигают интересное сравнение слав. golǫbь с лит. gelumbė̃ "синее сукно".
Trubachev's comments: [Мошинский (JP 35, 1955, стр. 189 и сл.) производит голубь от голубой, обратное см. у Ерне, Die slav. Farbenbenenn., Uppsala, 1954, стр. 91. Представляют интерес в качестве семантических параллелей отношения осет. æxsīnæg "голубь дикий" -- æxsīn "темно-серый"; перс. kabūd "голубой" -- kabūtar "голубь"; см. Абаев, Ист.-этимол. словарь, 1, 1958, стр. 221. Махеку (LP, 3, 1951) принадлежит попытка объяснить слав. golǫbь из до-и.-е. субстрата; Рудницкий (LP, 6, 1957, стр. 112) видит в go- приставку. -- Т.]
Pages: 1,432-433
vasmer-general,vasmer-origin,vasmer-trubachev,vasmer-pages,
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Uralic etymology :
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Number: 395
Proto: *kulV(-kV)
English meaning: raven
German meaning: Rabe
Khanty (Ostyak): kɔḷǝk (V), χulǝχ (DN), χolǝχ (O) 'Rabe'
Mansi (Vogul): kolā.k (TJ), χolχ (KU), kulk (P), χulaχ (So.)
Hungarian: holló
Nenets (Yurak): χūlī (O)
Enets (Yen): kuðuke (Ch.), kuruke (B)
Nganasan (Tawgi): kula
Selkup: kylä̀ (Ta.), kulé (Ke.), kulä (Ty.), külǟ (Tur.)
Kamass: kuli, kшli
Addenda: Koib. kullae
uralet-proto,uralet-prnum,uralet-meaning,uralet-germmean,uralet-khn,uralet-man,uralet-ugr,uralet-nen,uralet-enc,uralet-nga,uralet-slk,uralet-kam,uralet-add,
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Dravidian etymology :
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Proto-Dravidian : *kulur-
Meaning : crane
dravet-meaning,dravet-prnum,dravet-koga,dravet-gnd,
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Kolami-Gadba etymology :
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Proto-Kolami-Gadba : *kulur
Meaning : crane
Parji : kulur "a kind of crane"
Additional forms : Also Parji kolor a kind of crane or heron
Number in DED : 1808
kogaet-meaning,kogaet-prnum,kogaet-parji,kogaet-addition,kogaet-dednum,
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Gondwan etymology :
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Proto-Gondi-Kui : *kulur-
Meaning : crane, heron
gndet-meaning,gndet-prnum,gndet-kon,gndet-kui,
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Konda etymology :
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Konda : kulur
Meaning: a crane
Konda (Burrow/Bhattacharya) : kuluri
Number in DED : 1808
konet-meaning,konet-prnum,konet-konda_bb,konet-dednum,
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Kui-Kuwi etymology :
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Proto-Kui-Kuwi : *kulur-
Meaning : crane, heron
Kui : kuluri
Number in DED : 1808
kuiet-meaning,kuiet-prnum,kuiet-kui,kuiet-dednum,
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Eskimo etymology :
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Proto-Eskimo: *qiɫaŋa- (~ -ŋʁ-)
Meaning: puffin
Russian meaning: топорок
Comments: Cf. Proto-Inupik *qilʁǝʁ 'rough-legged hawk'. Comparative Eskimo Dictionary: 304
esqet-meaning,esqet-rmean,esqet-yup,esqet-inup,esqet-newcom,esqet-refer,
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Yupik etymology :
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Proto-Yupik: *qilaŋa-
Meaning: puffin
Russian Meaning: топорок (птица)
Alutiiq Alaskan Yupik: qilaŋaq
Central Alaskan Yupik: qilaŋaq
Comparative Eskimo Dictionary: 304
yupet-prnum,yupet-mean,yupet-rmean,yupet-aay,yupet-cay,yupet-ced,
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Inupik etymology :
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Proto-Inupik: *qilaŋŋa- (< *-ɫ-)
Meaning: puffin
Russian meaning: топорок (птица)
Seward Peninsula Inupik: qilaŋaq
SPI Dialects: Imaq qiɫáŋaq, qiláŋaq
North Alaskan Inupik: qiĺaŋŋaq
Greenlandic Inupik: qilaŋŋaq
Comparative Eskimo Dictionary: 304
inupet-prnum,inupet-meaning,inupet-rmean,inupet-spi,inupet-spis,inupet-nai,inupet-gri,inupet-ced,
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Chukchee-Kamchatkan etymology :
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Proto-Chukchee-Kamchatkan: *qʷĕlhʷǝ-
Meaning (Rus.): ворон
kamet-prnum,kamet-meaning,kamet-chuk,kamet-itel,
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Chukchee-Koryak etymology :
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Proto-Chukchee-Koryak: *felbǝ #
Meaning (Rus.): ворон
Chukchee: vɛ́tlǝ, vɛlvǝ-
Koryak: wèllǝ, welvǝ- (I)
Palan: welǝw, welvǝ- (I)
Alutor: wàllǝ, walvǝ-
Comments: Чук. wɛlw-it (wɛlw-it-ti pl.) 'казарка (гусь)' (АБ).
chuket-prnum,chuket-meaning,chuket-chu,chuket-kor,chuket-pal,chuket-alu,chuket-comments,
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Itelmen etymology :
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Proto-Itelmen: *qɫh "
Meaning (Rus.): ворон
Itelmen: fe'-qɫh 1
Itelmen meaning: ворон 1, ворона 2
West Itelmen: kĺa-klɣ, kĺ'an-kĺɣ 1, xej-kĺɣ 1
West Itelmen meaning: corvus cornix 1 corvus corax 2
West Itelmen meaning (Polish): wrona 1, kruk 2
Number in Volodin 1976: 35
itelet-prnum,itelet-meaning,itelet-ite,itelet-itemea,itelet-wit,itelet-witmea,itelet-witmep,itelet-vol,
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Long-range etymologies :
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Borean (approx.) : KVLV
Meaning : a k. of bird
Afroasiatic : ?? Cush. *kol- 'wing'
African (misc.) : ? Bantu *-kódị̀ 'kind of hawk', *-kùàdé 'partridge'.
Reference : ND 877 (Cush. + part of Nostr.). globet-meaning,globet-nostr,globet-afas,globet-scc,globet-afr,globet-reference,
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Sino-Caucasian etymology :
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Proto-Sino-Caucasian: *xGHwVɫV́
Meaning: crow, jackdaw
Comments and references : PY shortness does not correspond to PNC length.
sccet-meaning,sccet-prnum,sccet-cauc,sccet-yen,sccet-basq,sccet-notes,
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North Caucasian etymology :
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Proto-North Caucasian: *GHwV̄ɫV
Meaning: a k. of bird (jackdaw, crow)
Notes: An onomatopoeic root; however, correspondences are quite regular and the PNC reconstruction seems probable. The Darg. form is reduplicated; since the root is present only in a part of Av.-And. languages and Darg., the vocalic reconstruction for PEC is uncertain.
caucet-prnum,caucet-meaning,caucet-aand,caucet-darg,caucet-abad,caucet-comment,
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Avar-Andian etymology :
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Protoform: *ʁʷilV
Meaning: 1 jackdaw 2 partridge
Avar: ʁálo 1
Chamalal: ʁola 2 (Gig.)
aandet-prnum,aandet-meaning,aandet-ava,aandet-chm,
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Dargwa etymology :
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Proto-Dargwa: *q:ulq:a
Meaning: crow
Chiragh: q:ulq:a
darget-prnum,darget-meaning,darget-chr,
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Abkhaz-Adyghe etymology :
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Proto-West-Caucasian: *q:Iʷaĺa ( ~ -Ĺ-)
Meaning: 1 crow 2 wild birds (generic) 3 jackdaw
Adyghe: q:ʷaLa-ź 1
Kabardian: q:ʷaLa-bzuw 2
Ubykh: qIaLa 3
Comments: PAK *q:ʷaLa (cf. also Ad. q:ʷaLa-bzǝw = Kab. q:ʷaLa-bzuw). Despite Shagirov (1,232) the Ub. form can not be regarded as an Adygh loan (because of pharyngealisation); see Mészáros 1934, 352, Abdokov 1973, 55. Although loss of labialisation in Ub. is not quite clear, other correspondences are quite regular. The comparison of PAK *q:ʷaLa and Abkh. a-laħʷa 'raven' (Lomtatidze 1961, 121) is untenable; see Shagirov 1,232, Klimov 1967, 302.
abadet-prnum,abadet-meaning,abadet-adg,abadet-kab,abadet-ubk,abadet-comment,
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Yenisseian etymology :
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Proto-Yenisseian: *kɨla
Meaning: crow
Ket: kɨ̄ĺ1, pl. kɨ:ĺ3 / kɨ:ĺn3
Yug: kɨl1, pl. kɨ:ĺ3
Kottish: hīla
Comments: ССЕ 239. Cf. also Ket kɨĺet6, pl. kɨĺet5, -n5 'bullfinch', perhaps derived from *kɨla (although the meaning raises some doubts). Werner 1, 482 *khɨlǝ.
yenet-prnum,yenet-meaning,yenet-ket,yenet-sym,yenet-kot,yenet-notes,
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Basque etymology :
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Proto-Basque: *beɫe
Meaning: 1 raven 2 crow 3 hawk, sparrowhawk
Bizkaian: bela 1, belatxika 2, belatxinga 2
Gipuzkoan: bela, bele 1, (Donostia) belatxinga 2
High Navarrese: bela, bele 1, belatxika 2
Low Navarrese: bele 1, belatxika 2, belatx 2, 3
Lapurdian: bela 1, belatx 3
Zuberoan: béle 1, belexega 2, belátz 3
Comments: Azkue cites (ANV, BZK, BNV, GIP, LAB, ZBR) bela 'raven', though Mitxelena (1961, p. 128) cites (BZK) bela as opposed to bele in other dialects.
basqet-prnum,basqet-meaning,basqet-bzk,basqet-gip,basqet-anv,basqet-bnv,basqet-lab,basqet-zbr,basqet-comments,
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