Altaic etymology :

Proto-Altaic: *belV

Nostratic: Nostratic

Meaning: hysterics, panic, mourning

Russian meaning: истерика, паника, траур

Turkic: *bEliŋ

Mongolian: *belbe-

Tungus-Manchu: *beli(n)

Comments: ТМС 1, 124 (TM-Turk.). A Western isogloss.

Turkic etymology :

Proto-Turkic: *bEliŋ

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: panic, terror

Russian meaning: паника, ужас

Old Turkic: beliŋ (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: beliŋ (MK), beliŋ-le- 'to be terrified' (KB)

Turkish: belin 'frightened' (dial. peliŋ, peŋil-de-)

Middle Turkic: beliŋ-le- 'to be terrified' (Qutb)

Turkmen: beliŋ al- 'to fear, be disgusted'

Oyrat: peliŋ 'faked illness' (R)

Tuva: beliŋ-či, beliŋ-ne-

Tofalar: beliŋ-ši 'scary', beliŋ-ne- 'be startled'

Kirghiz: belim-či 'a hysterical woman'

Kazakh: beliŋ

Noghai: beleŋ 'scary'

Bashkir: bilen-dä- 'to be scared, startled'

Comments: EDT 343, 344, VEWT 69, ОСНЯ 2, 98 (with a different TM parallel).

Mongolian etymology :

Proto-Mongolian: *belbe-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: mourning, widow

Russian meaning: траур, вдова

Written Mongolian: belbüsü, (L 96) belbesü(n)

Middle Mongolian: belbisun (HY 32, SH), b[ä]lbes 'unmarried woman' (IM), bilbusun (MA)

Khalkha: belevsen

Buriat: belbehe(n)

Kalmuck: belwǝsṇ

Ordos: belbesen 'widow'

Dagur: belbisen (Тод. Даг. 126), belibsen

Shary-Yoghur: bölbösǝn, belwǝsǝn

Comments: KW 42, MGCD 148.

Tungus etymology :

Proto-Tungus-Manchu: *beli(n)

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 hysterics 2 silly

Russian meaning: 1 истерика 2 глупый

Evenki: belin 1

Negidal: belin 1

Literary Manchu: beli 2

Nanai: belčĩ 2

Comments: ТМС 1, 124. TM > Dag. belin (Тод. Даг. 126).

Nostratic etymology :

Eurasiatic: *belHi

Meaning: to fear, be scared

Borean: Borean

Altaic: *bele ( ~ -o)

Uralic: *pele

Dravidian: *veḷ-

Chukchee-Kamchatkan: Chuk. *pɔlmär (1031).

References: МССНЯ 331-332, ОСНЯ 2, 98-99, ND 1704 *pelqE 'to tremble, fear' (+ Sem.) (but PIE *pelǝ- 'shake', PD *pir_V- 'tremble, fear' and AA forms with *p- should be kept apart).

Uralic etymology :

Number: 749

Proto: *pele

> Nostratic: > Nostratic

English meaning: to be afraid

German meaning: fürchten, sich fürchten

Finnish: pelkää- 'fürchten, sich fürchten'

Estonian: pelga- 'fürchten, zagen'

Saam (Lapp): bâllâ- -l- (N) 'fear, be afraid', palla- (L), palli̊- (T), pølle- (Kld.), pøllø- (A)

Mordovian: peĺe- (E M)

Udmurt (Votyak): puli̮- 'fürchten; sich scheuen, sich schämen', puwi̮- (MU) 'fürchten'

Komi (Zyrian): pol- (S), pol-, pov- (P), pu^.l- (PO)

Khanty (Ostyak): pĕl (Trj.) 'Furcht', pĕl- (V), pĕt- (DN), pȧ̆l- (O)

Mansi (Vogul): piĺ- (TJ), pil- (KU So.), pil-, piĺ- (P)

Hungarian: fél-

Nenets (Yurak): pīĺū- (O) 'sich fürchten', pīd́e- (O) 'verscheuchen, wegjagen'

Enets (Yen): fīe- (Ch.) 'sich fürchten'

Nganasan (Tawgi): filiti-

Selkup: piti̮- (Ta.) 'erschrecken, beängstigen'

Kamass: pim- 'fürchten'

Janhunen's version: (56) *peli-

Sammalahti's version: *peli-

Addenda: Koib. пымлямъ; Mot. имергамъ

Dravidian etymology :

Proto-Dravidian : *veḷ-

Meaning : to be ashamed, afraid

Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology

Proto-South Dravidian: *veḷk-

South Dravidian etymology :

Proto-South Dravidian : *veḷk-

Meaning : ashamed; afraid

Dravidian etymology: Dravidian etymology

Tamil : veḷku (veḷki-)

Tamil meaning : to be ashamed, be coy, bashful, fear, shudder, be perplexed

Tamil derivates : veṭku (veṭki-) to be ashamed, be bashful, be afraid; veṭkam, vekkam shame, modesty, bashfulness, coyness; vaṭku (vaṭki-) to be ashamed, be shy, bashful; n. shame, shyness, modesty; viḷi (-v-, -nt-) to be overcome with shame; viḷivu shame

Malayalam : veḷkka

Malayalam meaning : to be ashamed, afraid

Malayalam derivates : vekkam shame

Kannada : beḷkar_

Kannada meaning : to become afraid, fear

Kannada derivates : (K2) beḷkane to turn pale through fear

Tulu : boḷcuni

Tulu meaning : to shy, start aside suddenly as an animal

Tulu derivates : boḷci, boḷcelụ shyness, starting aside, suddenly; boḷcāvuni to make shy; boḷaccelụ shying

Proto-Nilgiri : *ve(ḷ)k-

Notes : Tamil vaṭku and viḷi are unclear.

Number in DED : 5500

Nilgiri etymology :

Proto-Nilgiri : *ve(ḷ)k-

Meaning : feeling of modesty, shame

South Dravidian etymology: South Dravidian etymology

Kota : vekm (obl. vekt-)

Number in DED : 5500

Long-range etymologies :

Borean (approx.) : PVLV

Meaning : to fear, be angry

Eurasiatic : *belHi

Afroasiatic : *bihal- ( + *nVbel- 1458)

Reference : МССНЯ 331-332, ОСНЯ 2, 98-99 (but PIE *pelǝ- 'shake', PD *pir_V- 'tremble, fear' and AA forms with *p- should be kept apart).

Afroasiatic etymology :

Proto-Afro-Asiatic: *bihal-

Meaning: emphatic speech

Borean etymology: Borean etymology

Semitic: *bVhVl- 'curse, pray, implore, speak, say'

Western Chadic: *biHal- 'anger' 1, '`vicious, angry, cruel' 2, insult' 3

Semitic etymology :

Number: 1740

Proto-Semitic: *bVhVl-

Afroasiatic etymology: Afroasiatic etymology

Meaning: curse, pray, implore, speak, say

Akkadian: baʔāl- bâl- 'beseech, pray'

Hebrew: bhl (nif.) 'be frightened'

Judaic Aramaic: bihel 'frighten'

Arabic: bhl [-a-] 'promounce a curse', VIII 'implore, beseech'

Mehri: behl-īt 'word, thing'

Harsusi: behel-ēt 'word, thing'

West Chadic etymology :

Proto-WChadic: *biHal-

Afroasiatic etymology: Afroasiatic etymology

Meaning: 'anger' 1, '`vicious, angry, cruel' 2, insult' 3

Mupun: ḅyal 2 [FrM]

Montol: bial 1 [Fp]

Dera=Kanakuru: ḅéelè 3 [NmK]

Notes: Cf. Tangale pule `to (be) come annoyed, angry' [JgT] < *b/pul-.

Total pages generated Pages generated by this script 198320 3968142	Help
StarLing database server Powered by CGI scripts Copyright 1998-2003 by S. Starostin Copyright 1998-2003 by G. Bronnikov Copyright 2005-2014 by Phil Krylov