Altaic etymology :

Proto-Altaic: *ĺep`a ( ~ -o, -u)

Nostratic: Nostratic

Meaning: feather, down, wool

Russian meaning: перо, пух

Turkic: *jAp

Mongolian: *daɣaki

Tungus-Manchu: *lepu-

Comments: Владимирцов 208. A Western isogloss. Possibly derived is the Turk.-Mong. name for "foal" ( < "down, hair fading"): Turk. *japak (ЭСТЯ 4, 159-160), Mong. daɣagan ( > Evk. daɣakan etc., see Doerfer MT 99), see KW 81, Poppe 47.

Turkic etymology :

Proto-Turkic: *jAp-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: a mass of hair or wool

Russian meaning: масса, клубок волос или шерсти

Karakhanid: jap, japɣut, japaqu (MK)

Turkish: japaɨ

Tatar: jabaɣa

Middle Turkic: japaq (Ettuhf.)

Uzbek: ǯabiqa

Azerbaidzhan: japaq, japaɣɨ (dial.)

Turkmen: japaGɨ

Kirghiz: ǯabaɣa

Kazakh: žabaɣɨ

Noghai: jabaɣɨ

Bashkir: jabaɣɨ

Balkar: ǯabaɣɨ, zabaɣɨ

Gagauz: japā

Karaim: japaɣa

Karakalpak: žabaɣɨ

Kumyk: jabaɣɨ

Comments: EDT 870, 874-875, ЭСТЯ 4, 125-126. Turk. > Hung. gyapjú (< *ǯapaɣu), see Gombocz 1912.

Mongolian etymology :

Proto-Mongolian: *daɣaki

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: exuviation (of animals), tangled hair

Russian meaning: сброшенная кожа (животных), спутанные волосы

Written Mongolian: daɣaki (L 217), daki

Middle Mongolian: daqi (MA 139)

Khalkha: dāx́

Buriat: dāxi

Kalmuck: dākṛ-, dǟkṛ- 'to become tangled (of wool)'

Ordos: dāχi

Monguor: dākir 'touffe de poils enchevêtrés' (SM 41)

Comments: KW 81, 83.

Tungus etymology :

Proto-Tungus-Manchu: *lepu-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 feather 2 down 3 bear 4 peltry

Russian meaning: 1 перо 2 пух 3 медведь 4 пушнина

Evenki: lepurē 1

Even: nebuli 'fluffy'

Negidal: lupulte 2

Spoken Manchu: lefǝ 3 (2203)

Literary Manchu: lefu 3

Jurchen: lefu (145) 3

Ulcha: nepulte 4

Orok: nepulte 4

Nanai: ńepulte 4

Oroch: nepukte 4

Udighe: lofos`o 2

Comments: ТМС 1, 518, 625. Cf. also TM *ńepu- 'warm' (ТМС 1, 355) ( < 'soft'?).

Nostratic etymology :

Eurasiatic: *LVṗV

Meaning: soft, wet

Borean: Borean

Indo-European: *lēibh- ? ( + *leib- 2323?)

Altaic: *ĺep`a

Uralic: *loppa (*luppa); cf. also *leppV , *ĺupša )

Kartvelian: *lab- (cf. also Georg. lub- 'emaciated, thin')

References: ND 1256 *LabV ~ *LayibV 'be soft', 1260 *LibħV 'wet' (hardly different). Hegedűs 1990, 97 *ĺup[V] (compares IE *(s)lab- > Gr. lápē etc.), Kartv. and Ur. *ĺupša).

Indo-European etymology :

Proto-IE: *lēibh-

Meaning: weak

Slavic: *lībīvъ(jь)

Baltic: *laîb-a- (1) adj., *leîb-a- adj., *laîb- vb. inch.

Germanic: *lei[b]-a- adj.

Russ. meaning: слабый

Vasmer's dictionary :

Baltic etymology :

Proto-Baltic: *laîb-a- (1) adj., *leîb-a- adj., *laîb- vb. inch.

Meaning: thin, weak

Indo-European etymology: Indo-European etymology

Lithuanian: láiba- 'schlank, schmächtig, hager, dünn', líeba- 'dünnbeinig', láibti (-sta, -ō) 'schlanker, dünner werden'

Lettish: laĩbs 'dünn, schmächtig, schwach'

Germanic etymology :

Proto-Germanic: *lei[b]-a-

Meaning: weak

IE etymology: IE etymology

Old English: lēf 'schwach, schwächlich, krank, leidend, matt'

Old Saxon: lēf 'schwach, schwächlich, krank, leidend, matt' }

Uralic etymology :

Number: 1407

Proto: *loppa (*luppa)

> Nostratic: > Nostratic

English meaning: wet, wetness

German meaning: feucht, nass; Feuchtigkeit, Nässe

Estonian: lopp (gen. lopa) 'Schnee mit Wasser gemischt', loputa- 'spülen, im Wasser bewegen, ausspülen'

Mordovian: lopavto-, lopafto- (E) 'nässen, einweichen', (MoRS) lopod́e- 'мокнуть, размокнуть; намокнуть'

Mari (Cheremis): lup 'feucht' (Szil.), lǝ̑pkata (KB) 'feucht und warm'

Komi (Zyrian): lapi̮d (S) 'feucht', lapmi̮- (S) 'feucht werden' ?

Kartvelian etymology :

Proto-Kartvelian: *lab-

Nostratic: Nostratic

Russian meaning: делать мягким, увлажнять

English meaning: to soften, dampen

Georgian: lb-, lb-il- 'soft'

Megrel: lib-, lib-u 'soft'

Laz: lob-, lib-; lib-u 'soft'

Notes and references: ЭСКЯ 120, EWK 215. ?Ср. алт. *lep`V 'перо, пух' (или *lebu 'болото', если исходное значение - 'увлажнять').

Long-range etymologies :

Borean (approx.) : LVPV

Meaning : soft, wet

Eurasiatic : *LVṗV

Afroasiatic : *lVbaḥ-

Sino-Caucasian : ? ST *ƛ[u]p 'dive, submerge' (also *lŭp 'pit, wet ground'?)

Reference : ND 1256, 1260.

Afroasiatic etymology :

Proto-Afro-Asiatic: *lVbaḥ-

Meaning: be wet

Borean etymology: Borean etymology

Egyptian: ỉbḥ (MK)

Western Chadic: *lubVh-

Central Chadic: *HVlub-

Egyptian etymology :

Old Egyptian: ỉbḥ (MK)

Afroasiatic etymology: Afroasiatic etymology

Meaning: 'be wet'

Notes: Palatalization of *l- > i'-.

West Chadic etymology :

Proto-WChadic: *lubVh-

Afroasiatic etymology: Afroasiatic etymology

Meaning: sogginess

Hausa: lùbúlùbū́ (redupl.)

Notes: ̊-ḅ- <*bH

Central Chadic etymology :

Proto-CChadic: *HVlub-

Afroasiatic etymology: Afroasiatic etymology

Meaning: 'wet' (v.) 1 'mettre a tremper' 2

Bura: liba1 [Ann]

Chibak: lup-ti1 [Kr N 427]

Kilba: alüb-tü 1 [Kr N 427]

Wamdiu: lub-ta [Kr N 427]

Hildi=Margi Mbazuwa: luḅu-ri 1 [Kr N 427]

Higi Futu: lìḅɨ̀-ši 1 [Kr N 427]

Fali Kiria: yǝɫḅu-tuʔ 1 [Kr N 427]

Fali Gili: luḅwi-ti 1 [Kr N 427]

Kapsiki=Higi Kamale: lùḅi-kɛ̀ 1 [Kr N 427]

Gava: lùḅù-gana 1 [Kr N 427]

Mafa=Matakam: rúḅ- 2 [BMaf]

Daba: lùb 1 [Kr N 427]

Gude: rǝḅǝ 1 [Hs]

Gudu: rúb̀a: 1 [Kr N 427]

Nzangi: mɨ-rḅǝn1 [Kr N 427]

Fali Muchella: rùbu-ft 1 [Kr N 427]

Mwulyen: ùrúḅí 1 [Kr N 427]

Zime-Batna: láḅ 1 [Sa]

Notes: the same see in HSED 1196

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