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Altaic etymology :
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Proto-Altaic: *mā́ńa
Meaning: paw, hand
Russian meaning: лапа, кисть руки
Comments: A Turk.-Tung. isogloss; cf. perhaps also Mong. (dalnɨ) majā 'шейка лопатки'.
altet-prnum,altet-meaning,altet-rusmean,altet-turc,altet-tung,altet-reference,
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Turkic etymology :
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Proto-Turkic: *bĀń-
Meaning: 1 sole (of foot) 2 footwear
Russian meaning: 1 подошва (ноги) 2 обувь (войлочные чулки, валенки)
Tatar: majmaq 'stable, steadfast' (of an animal's paw, hoof), dial. pajpaq (КСТТ) 2 Uzbek: pajpɔq 2, 'camel's foot', dial. mъjǝlǝk 'mitten' (Фармонов 19) Azerbaidzhan: dial. maja 'подошва копыта' (Nakhich.)
Turkmen: dial. māja (Tek.) 'aja' (ТДГДС 124), pajpaq (144) 2 Khakassian: majmax 2
Tuva: majɨq 1
Kirghiz: bajmaq 'lower part of shank', bajpaq 2, majpɨq 'flat' (of a horse's hoof, bear's paw)
Kazakh: bajpaq 2
Karakalpak: bajpaq 2
Comments: VEWT 323. Cf. also Oyr. majrɨk 'стаптываться' etc. Forms with the meaning 'footwear' are explained by Budagov as compounds with an iranism (paj - baɣ "foot bandage"), which does not seem convincing; we are dealing rather with a dialectal diffusion of the derivative *bāń-mak. Cf. TMN 4, 275, Шипова 49, Аникин 110, 382, 458. turcet-prnum,turcet-meaning,turcet-rusmean,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-uzb,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-tuv,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,turcet-klpx,turcet-reference,
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Tungus etymology :
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Proto-Tungus-Manchu: *mańa
Meaning: paw (of an animal)
Russian meaning: лапа
Evenki: mana, mańa
Even: māna
Negidal: mańa
Ulcha: mańa, maị̄
Nanai: māja
Oroch: māńaka
Udighe: mana
Comments: ТМС 1, 526. Length in Nan. is not quite clear (perhaps compensatory < *majā < *mańaka). tunget-prnum,tunget-meaning,tunget-rusmean,tunget-evk,tunget-evn,tunget-neg,tunget-ulc,tunget-nan,tunget-orc,tunget-ude,tunget-reference,
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Nostratic etymology :
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Eurasiatic: *mVńV ( / *mVń-rV?)
Meaning: hand
References: Дыбо 1989. ND 1438 *maǹy[u] 'paw, foot/leg of animals' ( + Eg. and Asa?); 1466 *mVRV 'hollow hand; to grasp'. [SH *mVr- 'to grasp; acquire' can be compared with SC *xmVrV́ 'change, exchange']. nostret-meaning,nostret-prnum,nostret-ier,nostret-alt,nostret-ura,nostret-drav,nostret-chuk,nostret-reference,
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Indo-European etymology :
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Proto-IE: *ma-r/n-
Meaning: hand
Old Greek: márē f. `Hand' (Pind.), eu̯-marḗs `leicht, mühelos', eu̯-márei̯a `Leichtigkeit, Bequemlichkeit'
Latin: manus, gen. -ūs f. `Hand'
Other Italic: Osk acc. manim `manum'; Umbr mānuv-e in manu, abl. mani `manū', pl. acc. manf `manūs'
Celtic: *manatlo- > Corn manal `Garbe', MBret malazn, NBret malan `Garbe'
Russ. meaning: рука (hand)
piet-prnum,piet-meaning,piet-greek,piet-germ,piet-lat,piet-ital,piet-celt,piet-rusmean,piet-refer,
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Germanic etymology :
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Proto-Germanic: *mund=
Meaning: hand
Old Norse: mund f. `Hand', mund-r m. `Brautgeschenk, Mitgift'
Old English: mund, -e f. `hand; hand (as a measure)' {`Bräutigamsgabe, Hand, Bevormundung' }
Old Frisian: mund `Vormundschaft'
Old Saxon: mund `Hand'
Middle Dutch: vōremonde
Middle Low German: vȫrmünde, vȫrmunt
Old High German: munt f. `Hand, Schutz' (um 800); fora-munto `Rechtsbeistand, Rechtsvertreter' (10.Jh.)
Middle High German: munt st. m., f. `Hand; Schutz, Bevormundung, Erlaubnis'; vormunde, vormünde, vormunr, vürmunt
German: Vormund m.; mündig
germet-meaning,germet-prnum,germet-onord,germet-oengl,germet-ofris,germet-osax,germet-mdutch,germet-mlg,germet-ohg,germet-mhg,germet-hg,
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Pokorny's dictionary :
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Number: 1307
Root: mǝ-r, Gen. mǝ-n-és, mn̥tós
English meaning: hand
German meaning: `Hand'
Grammatical comments: heteroklitischer r/n-St.
Material: Auf dem r-Nominativ beruhen: gr. μάρη f. `Hand', εὐμαρής `leicht zu handhaben', μάρις, -εως m. `Flüssigkeitsmaß'; alb. marr `nehme, empfange, halte, fasse' (*marnō, n-Präs. als Denominativbildung von *mar- `in die Hand bekommen'). Auf dem *mǝ-n- der Kasus obliqui beruhen: lat. manus, -ūs f. `Hand' (der u-St.), umbr. mănuv-e `in manu', Abl. mani, osk. Akk. manim, Kons.-St. noch in umbr. manf Akk. Pl.; lat.mancus `verstümmelt' (ursprüngl. `an der Hand'); hierher lat. mandō, -āre `anvertrauen, befehlen', osk. aama-naffed `mandāvit', manafum `mandavi'? aus manus und -dere (Wz. dhē-), wörtl. `in die Hand legen'; mir. montar, muinter `rechtmäßige Gattin';
mit einer ähnlichen Bed. wie lat. manipulus `Bündel' (*mani-plos `eine Hand füllend') auch kelt. *manatlo- in corn. manal `Garbe', mbret. malazn (für *manazl), nbret. malan ds.;
vielleicht got. manwus `bereit' (`zur Hand'?), manwjan `bereit-, zurechtmachen';
hitt. manii̯aḫḫ- `einhändigen, verwalten'.
Auf mn̥-t- beruhen aisl. mund f. `Hand', mundr m. `Kaufpreis der Braut und die durch den Kauf erworbene Vormundschaft über diese', got. PN Mundila, ags. mund f. `Hand, Schutz, Bevormundung', ahd. munt f. ds. nhd. Vormund.
References: WP. II 272, WH. II 24 f., 34 f., Vendryes RC. 43, 210.
Pages: 740-741
pokorny-root,pokorny-meaning,pokorny-ger_mean,pokorny-grammar,pokorny-material,pokorny-ref,pokorny-pages,pokorny-piet,
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Uralic etymology :
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Number: 1833
Proto: *mOrV
English meaning: hollow hand, palm of hand
German meaning: hohle Hand, Handteller
Khanty (Ostyak): murǝs (Trj. DT) 'ein Maß, Werschok', murǝs (Ko.) 'Abstand zwischen dem unteren Rand der flachen Hand und der Spitze des erhobenen Daumens'
Hungarian: marok (acc. markot), marék (dial. morok, marák, marik, marek) 'hohle Hand; eine Handvoll; (altung.) Faust, Palm (Längenmaß)', markol- '(mit hohler Hand) greifen, fassen'
uralet-proto,uralet-prnum,uralet-meaning,uralet-germmean,uralet-khn,uralet-ugr,
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Dravidian etymology :
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Proto-Dravidian : *maṇ- (?)
Meaning : wrist
dravet-meaning,dravet-prnum,dravet-sdr,dravet-tel,dravet-ndr,
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South Dravidian etymology :
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Proto-South Dravidian : *maṇi-kanṭ-
Meaning : wrist
Tamil : maṇikkaṭṭu, makkaṭṭu
Tamil meaning : wrist
Malayalam : maṇikkaṇṭam, maṇikkeṭṭu
Malayalam meaning : wrist
Kannada : maṇikaṭṭu
Kannada meaning : wrist
Tulu : maṇigaṇṭụ
Tulu meaning : ankle
Notes : A strange compound form, with both components unclear (both phonetically and semantically).
Number in DED : 4673
sdret-meaning,sdret-prnum,sdret-tam,sdret-tammean,sdret-mal,sdret-malmean,sdret-kan,sdret-kanmean,sdret-tul,sdret-tulmean,sdret-notes,sdret-dednum,
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Telugu etymology :
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Proto-Telugu : *maṇikaṭṭ-
Meaning : wrist
Telugu : maṇikaṭṭu
Dialectal forms (1) : manikaṭṭu
Additional forms : Also maṇḍa ankle; back of the hand
Number in DED : 4673
telet-meaning,telet-prnum,telet-tel_1,telet-tel_2,telet-addition,telet-dednum,
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North Dravidian etymology :
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Proto-North-Dravidian : *mulgVṭā
Meaning : wrist
Kurukh : mulguṭā
Number in DED : 4673
ndret-meaning,ndret-prnum,ndret-kur,ndret-dednum,
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Chukchee-Kamchatkan etymology :
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Proto-Chukchee-Kamchatkan: *monrъ
Meaning (Rus.): ладонь, стопа, лапа
kamet-prnum,kamet-meaning,kamet-chuk,kamet-itel,
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Chukchee-Koryak etymology :
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Proto-Chukchee-Koryak: *mor "
Meaning (Rus.): ладонь, края ладони 1, выступающие части, лапы, стопы, касающиеся земли 2
Chukchee: mór-mor " 2, 1
Koryak: moj=lǝŋǝn (moj-te pl.) 1
Palan: mor-mor " 1
chuket-prnum,chuket-meaning,chuket-chu,chuket-kor,chuket-pal,
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Itelmen etymology :
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Proto-Itelmen: *manzǝ-ŋ
Meaning (Rus.): ладонь, стопа, лапа
Itelmen: manze-ŋ 1
Itelmen meaning: ладонь 1, подошва ноги, медвежья лапа 2, горсть 3
West Itelmen: manza-n, manzǝ-n 1, manz-in (poss.) xkič 2
West Itelmen meaning: planta ima pars pedis 1, palma, digiti, carpus manus 2
West Itelmen meaning (Polish): stopa 1, dɫoń, palce, zapięście ręki 2
South Itelmen: mai̯s
South Itelmen meaning (Latin): planta pedis, vola manus
South Itelmen meaning (Polish): stopa, dɫoń
Number in Volodin 1976: 31
itelet-prnum,itelet-meaning,itelet-ite,itelet-itemea,itelet-wit,itelet-witmea,itelet-witmep,itelet-sit,itelet-sitmea,itelet-sitmep,itelet-vol,
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Long-range etymologies :
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Borean (approx.) : MVNV
Meaning : hand
Sino-Caucasian : PNC *mēɦwV̆ hand, extremity
Amerind (misc.) : *ma(n) 'hand' (R 343) [+ A K] Reference : GE 90 *ma-n/r/k. globet-meaning,globet-nostr,globet-afas,globet-scc,globet-austr,globet-amer,globet-reference,
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Afroasiatic etymology :
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Proto-Afro-Asiatic: *ʔam-
Meaning: forearm, arm, hand
Notes: Cf. HSED, 33 *ʔam- 'hand, arm': Sem; WCh. ( also quoted are Bgh am-ŝi and Geji wom-ẑi, but without any evidence demonstrating that the -ŝi/ẑi element is a suffix or part of a composed stem). Actually 'arm', not 'hand'. The comment "Related to *ʔam- "catch, seize" (for the semantic development cf., for example, Lith ranka "hand" ~ rinkti "grasp, seize")" is wrong as the meaning of both Semitic and WCh. nominal roots points not to 'hand', but to 'arm/forearm/elbow'. The meaning 'hand' is ascribed to the reconstructed root by the authors under the influence of their own idea of relation with "catch, seize". A typical vicious circle of argumentation.
afaset-meaning,afaset-prnum,afaset-sem,afaset-wch,afaset-cch,afaset-notes,
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Semitic etymology :
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Number: 1204
Proto-Semitic: *ʔamm-at-
Meaning: elbow, forearm
Akkadian: ammatu 'elbow, forearm; cubit' OA, OB on [CAD a2 70], [AHw 44]
Eblaitic: a-ma-tum /ʔammatum/ [Fr 149; Kr 20; Bl E No. 1]
Ugaritic: ʔamt 'codo' [DLU 36]
Hebrew: ʔammā 'cubit' [KB 61] (the meaning 'forearm' in conjectures only)
Aramaic: OFF PLM NBT ʔmh do. [HJ 69-70]
Biblical Aramaic: pl. ʔammīn 'Elle' [KB deutsch 1667]
Judaic Aramaic: ʔammǝtā 'cubit; membrum virile' [Ja 79]; ʔmh, det. ʔmth 'cubit' [Sok 61]
Syrian Aramaic: ʔammǝtā 'cubitus' [Brock 24]
Mandaic Aramaic: ama 'ell, forearm' [DM 21]
Epigraphic South Arabian: SAB ʔmt (pl. ʔmm, ʔmn) 'cubit' [SD 5]; MIN ʔmt 'coudée' [LM 5]
Geʕez (Ethiopian): ʔ1mmat || ||
Tigre: ʔammät 'forearm, cubit' [LH 355]
Amharic: (?) amät 'cubit' [K 1132] (< GEZ acc. to [LGz 26])
Notes: Also 'cubit'. Cf. SOQ ʔamt 'coté' [LS 65], 'tout le côté du corps (demi-corps)' [SSL LS 1450], semantically problematic; Leslau [LGz 26] quotes SOQ ʔemeh as 'cubit' unattested, however, either in [LS] or other sources available.
[Fron 48]: (*ʔamm-at- /GEZ,SYR,HBR,UGR,AKK/); [DRS 23]: AKK, UGR, HBR, ARM, SAB, GEZ, TGR, TNA; [LGz 26]: GEZ, AKK, UGR, HBR, ESA, ARM, SOQ (ʔemeh); [KB 61]: HBR, ARM, ARB, UGR, AKK, GEZ; [Holma 115]: AKK, HBR, SYR, GEZ
semet-proto,semet-prnum,semet-meaning,semet-akk,semet-ebl,semet-uga,semet-hbr,semet-arm,semet-bib,semet-jud,semet-syr,semet-mnd,semet-sar,semet-gzz,semet-tgr,semet-amh,semet-notes,
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West Chadic etymology :
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Proto-WChadic: *ʔam-
Meaning: 'hand' 1, 'arm' 2, 'branch' 3
Jimi: am 1 [CLR] , ham 1 [Cs]
Polchi: ā́m 1 [Cs 66]
Geji: ā́m 1 [Cs N66]
Mangas: wǝ̀m 1 [Cs]
Boghom: am-si 1 [CLR], ám-si 3 [Cs N 336]
Buli: ā́m 3 [Cs 336]
Kir: wam 2 [CLR]
Zul: ame 1 [Cs 66]
Kulere: wam 2 [CLR: 178]
Ngizim: ámâi 1, 2 [ShN]
Bade: ǝ̄mi 2 [CLR] ám-ǝ́n 2 [Kr]
Notes: Forms like Boghom am-ŝi/sik and Geji wom-ẑi mean 'hand (of) body'.
wchet-prnum,wchet-meaning,wchet-jim,wchet-pol,wchet-gej,wchet-mng,wchet-bgh,wchet-bul,wchet-kir,wchet-zul,wchet-klr,wchet-ngz,wchet-bad,wchet-notes,
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Central Chadic etymology :
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Proto-CChadic: *yam-ay-
Meaning: 'hand'
Buduma=Yedina: yǝmai
cchet-prnum,cchet-meaning,cchet-bud,
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Austric etymology :
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Proto-Austric: *ʔlVma
Meaning: hand
Proto-Austroasiatic: *ram Austroasiatic meaning: five
Proto-Austronesian: *lima
Austronesian meaning: five; hand
Proto-Thai: *mɨA hand
References: Ben 309, Peiros 1998, 96.
austr-meaning,austr-prnum,austr-aa,austr-aame,austr-an,austr-anme,austr-tai,austr-bibl,
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Austro-Asiatic etymology :
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Proto-Austro-Asiatic: *ram
Meaning: five
References: Kh 758
aaet-meaning,aaet-prnum,aaet-bah,aaet-kmr,aaet-pear,aaet-bib,
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Bahnar etymology :
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Proto-Bahnaric: *dʔăm
Meaning: five
Presyllable: pǝ-
Bahnar: pǝdʔam
Bahnar meaning: five
Cua: dap five
References: PNB-23, SBS-190, TB11.6
banet-meaning,banet-prpr,banet-prnum,banet-bah,banet-bahme,banet-nob,banet-sob,banet-nwb,banet-har,banet-cua,banet-refer,
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North Bahnaric etymology :
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Proto-North-Bahnaric: *dam.T, pǝ-
Meaning: five
Rengao form: pǝdam.T
Rengao meaning: five
Jeh form: pǝdam.T
Jeh meaning: five
Sedang form: pǝtam.T
Sedang meaning: five
Hre form: pǝdam.T
Hre meaning: five
Mo'dra: pǝdap.T
Didra: pǝdabm.T
References: PNB-23, GS-213
nobet-meaning,nobet-prnum,nobet-ren,nobet-renme,nobet-jeh,nobet-jehme,nobet-sed,nobet-sedme,nobet-hre,nobet-hreme,nobet-modr,nobet-didr,nobet-refer,
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South Bahnaric etymology :
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Proto-South Bahnaric: *ram, pǝ-
Meaning: five
Chrau form: pram
Chrau meaning: five
Stieng form: pram
Stieng meaning: five
References: SBS-190
sobet-meaning,sobet-prnum,sobet-chr,sobet-chrme,sobet-sti,sobet-stime,sobet-refer,
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North-West Bahnaric etymology :
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Proto-North-West- Bahnaric: *dam, pǝ-
Meaning: five
Tariang: padam
Kaseng: tǝdam P?
Yaeh: padam
nwbet-meaning,nwbet-prnum,nwbet-tr,nwbet-ks,nwbet-yh,
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Harak etymology :
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Proto-Harak: *dam, pǝ-
Meaning: five
Harak: padam
haret-meaning,haret-prnum,haret-hr,
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Khmer etymology :
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Khmer: pra:ṃ
Old Khmer: pram, pra:m
Old Khmer Meaning: five
References: P327
kmret-prnum,kmret-okh,kmret-okmean,kmret-ref,
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Pearic etymology :
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Proto-Pearic: *ram.N
Meaning: five
Presyllable: phǝ-
Chong: phram.A
Chong meaning: five
Song: phram.A
Song meaning: five; ra:j.C tham.A 15
Kasong: phram.A
Kasong meaning: five
Samre: phram.A
Samre meaning: five
Suoi Kompong: pram
pearet-meaning,pearet-prpr,pearet-prnum,pearet-chng,pearet-chngme,pearet-song,pearet-songme,pearet-kas,pearet-kasme,pearet-smr,pearet-smrme,pearet-skm,
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Viet-Muong etymology :
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Proto-Viet-Muong: *ʔdam
Meaning: five
Vietnamese: năm
Vietnamese meaning: five (PH)
Muong dialect: tăm.1
Nguon dialect (1): dăm.1
Nguon dialect (2): dăm.1
Arem: dam
Proto-Ruc: *dam.1
Ruc (Russian field rec.): ʔdam.1
Ruc (Lo'i's rec.): dam.1, ʔdam.1, ʔnam.1
Ruc (Ferlus' rec.): dam.1
Ruc meaning: five
Thavung-So: dam.1
Thavung-So meaning: five
Thavung: dam.1
Notes: F-97: *Dam
References: NTF69, NVL151; TC40
vimet-meaning,vimet-prnum,vimet-viet,vimet-vietme,vimet-anng,vimet-ncl,vimet-nyt,vimet-arem,vimet-prru,vimet-rucr,vimet-rucl,vimet-rntf,vimet-rucme,vimet-so,vimet-some,vimet-tha,vimet-note,vimet-bib,
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Palaung-Wa etymology :
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Proto-Palaung-Wa: *mo(:)i
Meaning: cow
Riang: mâi.2 BR flesh (107)
pawaet-meaning,pawaet-prnum,pawaet-prwa,pawaet-prpl,pawaet-riang,pawaet-pran,
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Wa etymology :
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Proto-Wa:
Meaning: cow
Paraok: mɔi.B
Paraok meaning: cow
Wa: bɔi.B
Wa meaning: cow
Ava: mui
Um: mua
Wa (dial.): mɔi.2
References: D-158: *(k)mɔj
prwaet-meaning,prwaet-prnum,prwaet-praok,prwaet-praokme,prwaet-meng,prwaet-mengme,prwaet-mas,prwaet-um,prwaet-gs,prwaet-bib,
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Plang etymology :
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Proto-Plang: *moi
Meaning: cow
Bulang: moi.2, kaʔ.2-
Bulang meaning: cow
Konto: mɔj.2
Konto meaning: cow
Samtao (Paulsen): moi.2
Samtao (Paulsen) meaning: cow
Samtao (Diffloth): mɔj.2, ʔa-
Samtao (Diffloth) meaning: cow
References: P-95: *mɔj.2
prplet-meaning,prplet-prnum,prplet-mane,prplet-manme,prplet-kont,prplet-kontme,prplet-sap,prplet-sapme,prplet-sad,prplet-sadme,prplet-bib,
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Angku etymology :
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Proto-Angku: *mo(:)i, N-
Meaning: cow
Pangpin: mhuai.31 ???
Gantang: moi.31
U: mɔj.1
pranet-meaning,pranet-prnum,pranet-phu,pranet-ph2,pranet-u,
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