Change viewing parameters
Select another database
Altaic etymology :
Search within this database
Proto-Altaic: *p`i̯ùŋi
Meaning: to twist, twirl
Russian meaning: крутить, вертеть
Comments: Delabialization in PT (*öŋir- would be expected) must be explained by the influence of *egir- q. v. altet-prnum,altet-meaning,altet-rusmean,altet-turc,altet-tung,altet-jap,altet-reference,
Search within this database
Turkic etymology :
Search within this database
Proto-Turkic: *eŋir-
Meaning: 1 to spin 2 to surround
Russian meaning: 1 крутить 2 окружать
Old Turkic: eŋir- (OUygh.) 1
Middle Turkic: eŋir- (Буд.) 2 Tuva: ē̃r- 1
turcet-prnum,turcet-meaning,turcet-rusmean,turcet-atu,turcet-chg,turcet-tuv,turcet-reference,
Search within this database
Tungus etymology :
Search within this database
Proto-Tungus-Manchu: *puŋ-
Meaning: 1 to graze, brush against 2 to shake
Russian meaning: 1 задевать, зацеплять, трогать 2 шевелить, качать
Evenki: huŋna- 1
Even: huŋri- 1, 2
tunget-prnum,tunget-meaning,tunget-rusmean,tunget-evk,tunget-evn,tunget-reference,
Search within this database
Japanese etymology :
Search within this database
Proto-Japanese: *pìniàr-
Meaning: to twist, twirl
Russian meaning: крутить, вертеть
Middle Japanese: fìnèr-
Tokyo: hinér-
Kyoto: hínér-
Kagoshima: hìnèr-
japet-prnum,japet-meaning,japet-rusmean,japet-mjp,japet-tok,japet-kyo,japet-kag,japet-comments,
Search within this database
Nostratic etymology :
Search within this database
Eurasiatic: *ṗuNV
Meaning: spin, twist
Comments: Perhaps 2 roots.
References: МССНЯ 354; ND 1740 *P_un(V)ya 'to turn, twist, tie', 1748 *ṗiń(V)ɣa 'to turn, spin, plait'. nostret-meaning,nostret-prnum,nostret-ier,nostret-alt,nostret-ura,nostret-kart,nostret-drav,nostret-notes,nostret-reference,
Search within this database
Indo-European etymology :
Search within this database
Proto-IE: *(s)penǝ-
Meaning: to weave, to plait, to spin
Armenian: hanum, aor. hanay; henum, aor. heni `weben, zusammennähen'
Celtic: Cymr cy-ffiniden `Spinne, Spinnweb', Bret que-ffniden n. `Spinnweb'
Russ. meaning: плести, вязать, прясть
piet-prnum,piet-meaning,piet-arm,piet-slav,piet-balt,piet-germ,piet-celt,piet-rusmean,piet-refer,
Search within this database
Vasmer's dictionary :
Search within this database
Word: пну,
Near etymology: пять "натягивать", обычно инф. пнуть, укр. п᾽я́сти, пну "натягивать", блр. пяць, пну "давить", др.-русск. пяти, пьну, ст.-слав. пѩти, пьнѫ "натягивать", болг. пъ́на "натягиваю", сербохорв. пе́ти, пе̏ње̑м, словен. péti, pnèm, чеш. píti, pnouti, pnu, слвц. рnút᾽, pnu, польск. piąć, pnę, в.-луж. рjеć, pnu, н.-луж. рjеś.
Further etymology: Праслав. *pęti, *рьnǫ родственно лит. pinù, pýniau, pìnti "плести", лтш. pît, pinu -- то же, лит. руnė̃ "коса (из волос)", лтш. pîne "плетенка", лит. pinaĩ м. мн. "лоза для плетения", арм. henum "тку, сшиваю", греч. πένομαι "работаю", πόνος м. "тяжелый труд", гот. spinnan "прясть", нов.-в.-н. spinnen -- то же, sраnnеn "напрягать, натягивать"; см. Хюбшман 466; Траутман, ВSW 219; М.--Э. 3, 232, 234 и сл.; Перссон 412; Мейе--Эрну 878; Лиден, IF 19, 332 и сл.; Педерсен, Kelt. Gr. 1, 114. Относительно знач. слав. слов см. Грюненталь, ИОРЯС 18, 4, 137. Ср. опо́на, перепо́нка, за́понка.
Pages: 3,292
vasmer-general,vasmer-origin,vasmer-pages,
Search within this database
Baltic etymology :
Search within this database
Proto-Baltic: *pin̂- (2, inf *pin̂-têi 1) vb. tr., *pin-a- c., *pīn-ā̂, *pin-t-iā̃ f.
Meaning: weave, plait
Lithuanian: pìnti (pìna, pī́nē) `flechten, winden', pīnà 'Flechtwerk', pìnaps '(Zaun)rute, (Zaun)knüttel', pl. pinaĩ 'geflochtener Zaun, Zaungeflecht'; pánti-s (gen. -čiō) `Koppelstrick, Spannstrick, (Span)fessel', pánčia (pl. -čiōs) 'Fesseln, Bande'
Lettish: pît (/ pĩt Salis) (pinu, pinu) `flechten', pīte 'Geflecht; Fussfessel der Pferde; "davon man was flechten oder machrn kann"'
baltet-meaning,baltet-prnum,baltet-lith,baltet-lett,
Search within this database
Germanic etymology :
Search within this database
Proto-Germanic: *spinnan-; *spun=; *spin[i]lō(n); *spinniō(n)
Meaning: spin
Gothic: *spinnan st. `spin'
Old Norse: spinna st. `spinnen'; gull-spuni m. `gesponnenes Gold'
Norwegian: spinna vb.; spune, spone
Swedish: spinna vb.; dial. spone, spuna
Danish: spinde vb.
Old English: spinnan `spinnen'; spinel `Spindel'
English: spin; spindle
Old Saxon: spinnila
Middle Dutch: spinne
Dutch: spinnen; spin f.
Middle Low German: spinnen; spinne; spindel, spinnel
Old High German: spinnan (8.Jh.) `spinnen', spinula, spenula (9.Jh.), { spinala } `Spindel', spindel (Hs. 13. Jh.); spinna (10.Jh.); { uspunna f. `ungesponnenes Flachs' }
Middle High German: spinnen st. 'spinnen'; spinne wk. f. 'spinne; spinnerin'; spinnel, spindel, spinele, spille st./wk. f. 'spindel'
German: spinnen, Spinne f., Spindel f.
germet-meaning,germet-prnum,germet-got,germet-onord,germet-norw,germet-swed,germet-dan,germet-oengl,germet-engl,germet-osax,germet-mdutch,germet-dutch,germet-mlg,germet-ohg,germet-mhg,germet-hg,
Search within this database
Pokorny's dictionary :
Search within this database
Number: 1833
Root: (s)pen-1(d-)
English meaning: to pull; to spin
German meaning: `ziehen, spannen' und `spinnen', indem die zu webenden Fäden zuerst ausgespannt wurden
General comments: (s)pen- : spē(i)- `ziehen' = pen- `füttern': pā- `Vieh weiden, füttern' = bhā- : bhen- `sprechen'; vgl. das anders vokalisierte pā̆n- `Gewebe', oben S. 788.
Material: 1. Formen ohne -s-: Arm. hanum, Aor. hanay und henum, Aor. heni `weben, zusammennähen'; s. darüber Meillet Esquisse2 55, 105, 111 f.;
gr. πένομαι `strenge mich an, mühe mich ab, habe Mangel', πόνος `mühsame Arbeit, Mühsal, Kummer', πονέω `mühe mich ab, usw.', πονηρός `in schlechtem Zustande, schadhaft, lasterhaft', πένης `arm, dürftig', πενία `Mangel, Armut', πεινη̃ν `hungern', woraus wohl retrograd πείνη `Hunger' und πάτος ἔνδυμα τη̃ς ῝Ηρας Hes. als *pn̥-tos; diese oder eine ähnliche t-Bildung liegt auch dem air.ēt- `kleiden' zugrunde;
lit. pinù, pìnti `flechten', pántis m. f., apr. panto f. `Fessel', lett. pinu, pît `flechten', pinekls `Fessel';
aksl. pьnǫ, pęti `spannen', ablaut. opona f. `Vorhang', ponjava `Umhang, Kleid', pǫto `Fessel'(serb. pȕto), wozu u. a. russ. prepjátь `hindern', raspjátь `kreuzigen', pjatь, pnutь `mit dem Fußestoßen' und aksl. pęta `Ferse' (serb. petasati `mit den Füßen ausschlagen'), russ. pjatá, serb. péta, lit. péntis m. `ds.; Rücken der Axt, der Sense', apr. pentis `Ferse';
vielleicht alb. pendë, pëndë `Paar Ochsen; Joch (Ackermaß)' aus einem *pentā `*Gespann'; auch penk `Koppel';
2. Formen mit anlaut. s-:
lat. sponte `aus eigenem Antrieb, aus freiem Willen';
got. ahd. ags. spinnan, aisl. spinna `spinnen' (*spenu̯ō, vgl. spannan S. 982 aus *spǝ-nu̯ō), ahd. spinna `Spinne'; mit einfachem n: aisl. spuni m. `Gespinst', ags. spinel, ahd. spinala (und spinnila) `Spindel'.
3. Erweiterung (s)pen-d-:
Lit. spéndžiu, spę́sti `einen Fallstrick legen (spannen)', alit. spándau, -yti `spannen', lit.spanskus `eng, drückend', spą́stas `Falle', lett. spiêst `drücken, zwingen', Iterativ spaidît, spuôsts `Fallstrick, Falle', lett. spendele `Feder an einem Schlosse', spanda `Strickwerk am Pflug', wie auch pām. spundr `Pflug', gr. σπινδει̃ρα ἄροτρον Hes. (d. i. σπινδη̃ρα);
aksl. pęndь `Spanne', pǫditi `drängen, treiben' (ursprüngl. etwa `ein Vieh an gespanntem Strick vorwärtsziehen'); vermutlich auch als `gespannt hängen', lat. pendeō, -ēre `hangen, herabhangen', pendō, -ĕre `wägen, schätzen, zahlen' (zum Wägen aufhängen), umbr. ampentu `impenditō'; ob auch ags. finta m. `Schwanz, Folge'?
References: WP. II 660 ff., WH. II 579 f., Trautmann 214, 219, Vasmer 2, 272, 379 f.
Pages: 988
pokorny-root,pokorny-meaning,pokorny-ger_mean,pokorny-comments,pokorny-material,pokorny-ref,pokorny-pages,pokorny-piet,
Search within this database
Uralic etymology :
Search within this database
Number: 823
Proto: *puna
English meaning: to spin, plait
German meaning: spinnen, flechten
Finnish: puno- 'drehen, zwirnen', puna 'Windung, gedreht'
Estonian: punu- 'flechten'
Saam (Lapp): bâdne ~ bǫdne -n- (N), påtnē- (L) 'Sehnenfaden spinnen', ponna- (T), ponne- (Kld. Not.) 'drehen (z. B. ein Seil auf dem Knie)'
Mordovian: pona- (E M) 'flechten, zwirnen, drehen'
Mari (Cheremis): pǝ̑ne- (KB), pune- (U B) 'zwirnen, flechten'
Udmurt (Votyak): pun- (S), pǝ̑n- (K), punị̑- (G) 'winden, flechten'
Komi (Zyrian): pi̮n- (Le.) 'flechten (einen Strick)'
Khanty (Ostyak): ponǝl- (V), punttǝ- (DN), pǫnǝл- (Kaz.) 'zwirnen'
Mansi (Vogul): pon- (TJ So.) 'winden, drehen'
Hungarian: fon- 'spinnen; flechten'
Nenets (Yurak): paŋkāl-, panor- (O) 'zwirnen, flechten'
Nganasan (Tawgi): fonúʔa 'Flechte', fonuʔá- 'flechten', fonur-
Selkup: par- (TaU TyM), panpa- (KeM) 'flechten', pani̮š (Ta.) 'Zopf'
Kamass: pшn- 'zwirnen'
Janhunen's version: (116) *puna/i6
Sammalahti's version: *puna/i6
Yukaghir parallels: pun 'erzählen' ??
uralet-proto,uralet-prnum,uralet-meaning,uralet-germmean,uralet-fin,uralet-est,uralet-saa,uralet-mrd,uralet-mar,uralet-udm,uralet-kom,uralet-khn,uralet-man,uralet-ugr,uralet-nen,uralet-nga,uralet-slk,uralet-kam,uralet-janh,uralet-samm2,uralet-yuk,
Search within this database
Kartvelian etymology :
Search within this database
Proto-Kartvelian: *pxin-
Russian meaning: орудие для вязания, тканья или прядения
English meaning: instrument for weaving or plaiting
Georgian: pxin- (Khevs.)
Laz: pxen-, mxen-
Laz meaning (Rus.): веретено
Laz meaning (Eng.): spindle
Notes and references: EWK 367.
kartet-prnum,kartet-rusmean,kartet-meaning,kartet-gru,kartet-laz,kartet-lzmean,kartet-elzmean,kartet-notes,
Search within this database
Dravidian etymology :
Search within this database
Proto-Dravidian : *pUṇ-
Meaning : 1 to join 2 to occur
dravet-meaning,dravet-prnum,dravet-sdr,dravet-tel,
Search within this database
South Dravidian etymology :
Search within this database
Proto-South Dravidian : *pUṇ-
Meaning : to unite, join
Tamil : puṇai (-pp-, -tt-)
Tamil meaning : to unite, tie; n. fetters, pledge, security, surety
Tamil derivates : puṇaical, puṇaiyal joining together; puṇar (-v-, -nt-) to join, unite, copulate, associate with; suit, fit, be understood, be possible; (-pp-, -tt-) to combine (tr.), connect, unite, make, do, bring about, fasten; n. mating, uniting; puṇarkkai, puṇarvu mating, uniting, connexion; puṇarttu (puṇartti-) to combine (tr.), connect; puṇarppu connexion, union, coition, friendship, contrivance, plan, action; puṇari sea, ocean; pun_ai (-v-, -nt-) to bind; n. fetters; (Tinn.) poṇeyalu bull pair
Malayalam : puṇaruka
Malayalam meaning : to embrace, be joined
Malayalam derivates : puṇar, puṇarcca, puṇarvu joining, coition; puṇari sea; punayuka to copulate; punaccal copulation; (Kauṭ.) puṇa bail, security
Kannada : poṇar
Kannada meaning : to be joined or united, couple, grapple with (an enemy), fight; n. union, coupling, fight
Kannada derivates : poṇarke a fight; poṇarcu to join, be joined, united or mixed; join (tr.); poṇe bond, bail; bondsman, surety
Tulu : puṇè
Tulu meaning : security, bail
Tulu derivates : paṇakè pairing together with a rope, as cattle; (B-K) poṇake a pair, couple; a long rope entwined around the necks of a pair of oxen or buffaloes so as to make them move together
Number in DED : 4160
sdret-meaning,sdret-prnum,sdret-tam,sdret-tammean,sdret-tamder,sdret-mal,sdret-malmean,sdret-malder,sdret-kan,sdret-kanmean,sdret-kander,sdret-tul,sdret-tulmean,sdret-tulder,sdret-dednum,
Search within this database
Telugu etymology :
Search within this database
Proto-Telugu : *ponar-
Meaning : to happen, occur, take place, (K also) unite (intr.); n. suitability, agreeableness
Telugu : ponaru
Additional forms : Also [1] ponarucu, [2] ponarcu to do, accomplish, bring about
Number in DED : 4160
telet-meaning,telet-prnum,telet-tel_1,telet-addition,telet-dednum,
Search within this database
Long-range etymologies :
Search within this database
Borean (approx.) : PVNV
Meaning : spin, twist
Afroasiatic : *(HV)pVn- 'turn, twist' (Sem., Eg., Chad.) (? = *Habin- 615)
Sino-Caucasian : ST *bān 'tie'?
globet-meaning,globet-nostr,globet-afas,globet-scc,globet-austr,globet-reference,
Search within this database
Austric etymology :
Search within this database
Proto-Austric: *ban
Meaning: to wrap around
Proto-Austroasiatic: *ban Austroasiatic meaning: wrap around
Proto-Thai: ban.A to wrap around;
austr-meaning,austr-prnum,austr-aa,austr-aame,austr-tai,
Search within this database
Austro-Asiatic etymology :
Search within this database
Proto-Austro-Asiatic: *[w/b]an
Meaning: wrap around
Thai: ban.A to wrap around;
aaet-meaning,aaet-prnum,aaet-thai,aaet-kmr,
Search within this database
Khmer etymology :
Search within this database
Khmer: ban, wan
Old Khmer: wa:n
Old Khmer Meaning: to wrap around, entangle
Comments: D
References: P438
kmret-prnum,kmret-okh,kmret-okmean,kmret-comm,kmret-ref,
Search within this database
Select another database
Change viewing parameters
Total pages generated | Pages generated by this script | 182293 | 3152843 |
| Help
|
StarLing database server | Powered by | CGI scripts | Copyright 1998-2003 by S. Starostin | ![](/images/harbour-button.gif) | Copyright 1998-2003 by G. Bronnikov Copyright 2005-2014 by Phil Krylov |
|