Change viewing parameters
Select another database
Altaic etymology :
Search within this database
Proto-Altaic: *sṓlo
Meaning: to be lax, loose
Russian meaning: быть расслабленным, свободным
Comments: KW 336, SKE 221 (the Kor. form is found only there and thus questionable). Despite Doerfer MT 26, TM forms are hardly borrowed from Mong. altet-prnum,altet-meaning,altet-rusmean,altet-turc,altet-mong,altet-tung,altet-kor,altet-jap,altet-reference,
Search within this database
Turkic etymology :
Search within this database
Proto-Turkic: *sōl
Meaning: left
Russian meaning: левый
Old Turkic: sol (OUygh.)
Turkish: sol
Tatar: sul
Uzbek: sọl
Uighur: sol
Sary-Yughur: sol, söl
Azerbaidzhan: sol
Turkmen: sōl
Khakassian: sol
Shor: sol
Oyrat: sol
Tuva: sol
Kirghiz: sol
Kazakh: sol
Noghai: sol
Bashkir: hul
Balkar: sol
Gagauz: sol
Karaim: sol
Karakalpak: sol
Kumyk: sol
Comments: EDT 824, VEWT 426, ЭСТЯ 7. Also *sōlak, whence WMong. solaɣai, Kalm. solɣǟ (KW 330, Щербак 1997, 166), whence again Kaz. solaqaj etc. (VEWT 427). turcet-prnum,turcet-meaning,turcet-rusmean,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,turcet-tuv,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,turcet-nogx,turcet-bas,turcet-blkx,turcet-gagx,turcet-krmx,turcet-klpx,turcet-qum,turcet-reference,
Search within this database
Mongolian etymology :
Search within this database
Proto-Mongolian: *sula
Meaning: loose, lax, vacant
Russian meaning: расслабленный, свободный
Written Mongolian: sula (L 736) Middle Mongolian: sula (MA), sulara- 'to loosen' (SH) Khalkha: sul
Buriat: hula 'weak, lax'
Kalmuck: sulǝ
Ordos: sula
Dongxian: sula 'weak'
Baoan: sǝla
Shary-Yoghur: sula
Monguor: sǝlā (SM 342), (MGCD sulā) Comments: KW 336, MGCD 577, 612. Mong. > Evk., Manchu sula id. (see ТМС 2, 124, Rozycki 190). monget-prnum,monget-meaning,monget-rusmean,monget-wmo,monget-mmo,monget-hal,monget-bur,monget-kal,monget-ord,monget-dun,monget-bao,monget-dag,monget-yuy,monget-mgr,monget-reference,
Search within this database
Tungus etymology :
Search within this database
Proto-Tungus-Manchu: *sula-
Meaning: to leave
Russian meaning: оставлять, оставаться
Evenki: sula- / sulā-
Even: hụlā-
Negidal: sola-pča-
Ulcha: solaoǯụ-
Orok: sụlaw-
Nanai: solō-
Oroch: sulagi-
tunget-prnum,tunget-meaning,tunget-rusmean,tunget-evk,tunget-evn,tunget-neg,tunget-ulc,tunget-ork,tunget-nan,tunget-orc,tunget-reference,
Search within this database
Korean etymology :
Search within this database
Proto-Korean: *săr-
Meaning: to fit loosely, be shaky
Russian meaning: свободно вмещаться, быть шатким
Modern Korean: salgapta (orph. săl-găpta)
koret-prnum,koret-meaning,koret-rusmean,koret-phn,koret-reference,
Search within this database
Japanese etymology :
Search within this database
Proto-Japanese: *sǝra- ( ~ -ua-)
Meaning: to deviate
Russian meaning: отклоняться
Middle Japanese: sora-
Tokyo: soré-
Kyoto: sòré-
Kagoshima: soré-
Comments: JLTT 755. Accent is not clear: Kagoshima points to *sǝ́rá-, but Kyoto and Tokyo rather to *sǝ̀rá-. japet-prnum,japet-meaning,japet-rusmean,japet-mjp,japet-tok,japet-kyo,japet-kag,japet-comments,
Search within this database
Nostratic etymology :
Search within this database
Eurasiatic: *SulV
Meaning: loose
Uralic: BF *š/čilya- 'quiet, slow'
Comments: (cf. *culV)
References: МССНЯ 351. 2 or more roots?: cf. ND 297 *coḷ/ĺV 'become empty' (Kartv. - Drav. *zoḷ-); 2050 *s̄uḷ[u] 'lax, loose, slack' (Alt.+IE+Drav. *čuḷ- + Sem., ?Eg.); 2154 *šiLV 'quiet' (Ur. + Mong. + SH). nostret-meaning,nostret-prnum,nostret-ier,nostret-alt,nostret-ura,nostret-kart,nostret-drav,nostret-notes,nostret-reference,
Search within this database
Indo-European etymology :
Search within this database
Proto-IE: *(s)lūg-
Meaning: weak, languid, small
Russ. meaning: слабый, вялый, маленький
References: WP II 708 f
Comments: See other roots with *[s]l- meaning 'weak, lax'.
piet-prnum,piet-meaning,piet-balt,piet-germ,piet-rusmean,piet-refer,piet-comment,
Search within this database
Baltic etymology :
Search within this database
Proto-Baltic: *slaûg-an-a-, *sleug-[a]-, *sleûg-an-a- adj., *slū̂g- vb. intr.
Meaning: fall down, sink
Lithuanian: slū́gti (-gsta, -gō) `herabfallen, sich senken, (vom Wasser) fallen, klein werden, abmagern, sich niedersetzen, nachlassen (vom Schmerz), still werden'
Lettish: slaũgans 'schlaff, erschlafft', šl̨aũgans, šl̨aûgans, šl̨augs 'los, locker, schlaff, schlotterig; glatt, schlüpfrig; flau; zugespitzt; schlank'
baltet-meaning,baltet-prnum,baltet-lith,baltet-lett,
Search within this database
Germanic etymology :
Search within this database
Proto-Germanic: *slūkan- (~ -au-), *sluknōn-, *slaukVrōn-; *lukōn-, *lukrōn-
Meaning: weak, lazy
Old Norse: loka wk. `hangen lassen'; slokna wk. `erlöschen, aufhören'; lokna wk. `fallen'; ptc. slokin-n `erloschen'
Norwegian: dial. sloka `faul sein'; slauk `schlaffer Mensch', slauka `sich schleppen'; lukr `lose'; dial. lukra, lokra, lugra `schlaffhangen'; loka `zaudern'; slokna vb.; lokan `loslassen (von der Rinde)'
Swedish: sloka `schwerfällig gehen, herumschlendern; schlaff herabhangen lassen';
Old English: slēak `schlaff'
English: slouch
East Frisian: lugg `schlaff, träge'
Dutch: sluik; vlam. slōkeren `slap zijn'; { log `plump' }
Middle Low German: slūk `slap'
Low German: slūk `schlaff', slōkeren `schlaff sein, schlottern', slukkern; slukk `bedroefd', slokk `slap, zwak'
germet-meaning,germet-prnum,germet-onord,germet-norw,germet-swed,germet-oengl,germet-engl,germet-eastfris,germet-dutch,germet-mlg,germet-lg,
Search within this database
Kartvelian etymology :
Search within this database
Proto-Kartvelian: *ćal-
Russian meaning: опоражнивать; иметь досуг
English meaning: to empty; to be at leisure
Georgian: cal-, cl-
Megrel: čol-
Notes and references: ЭСКЯ 227, EWK 457.
kartet-prnum,kartet-rusmean,kartet-meaning,kartet-gru,kartet-meg,kartet-notes,
Search within this database
Dravidian etymology :
Search within this database
Proto-Dravidian : *zoḷ-
Meaning : decayed; empty
dravet-meaning,dravet-prnum,dravet-sdr,dravet-tel,
Search within this database
South Dravidian etymology :
Search within this database
Proto-South Dravidian : *zoḷ-
Meaning : decayed, useless; unsubstantial
Tamil : coḷḷai
Tamil meaning : that which is decayed, worm-eaten, carious, lean, skinny person, useless, good-for-nothing person
Malayalam : coḷḷu
Malayalam meaning : stunted, worm-eaten, unsubstantial
Malayalam derivates : ? cor_r_a, cotta worm-eaten
Kannada : joḷḷu
Kannada meaning : unsubstantiality, emptiness, state of being pithless or without stuff
Kannada derivates : ? joṭṭi unsubstantiality, uselessness
Tulu : colle
Tulu meaning : (B-K) cripple
Notes : Unclear if PSDR *ǯot_- (Kan. joṭṭi, Mal. cor_r_a) belongs here.
Number in DED : 2864
sdret-meaning,sdret-prnum,sdret-tam,sdret-tammean,sdret-mal,sdret-malmean,sdret-malder,sdret-kan,sdret-kanmean,sdret-kander,sdret-tul,sdret-tulmean,sdret-notes,sdret-dednum,
Search within this database
Telugu etymology :
Search within this database
Proto-Telugu : *soḷḷ- (*z-)
Meaning : empty
Telugu : soḷḷu (B)
Number in DED : 2864
telet-meaning,telet-prnum,telet-tel_1,telet-dednum,
Search within this database
Long-range etymologies :
Search within this database
Borean (approx.) : CVLV
Meaning : light, loose
Afroasiatic : ? Sem. *sVwl- 'lax' or *šVlw- 'be quiet, at rest', Eg. sꜣ 'weak', Berb *sull- 'slowly, easily'
Reference : ND 2050, 2154. globet-meaning,globet-nostr,globet-afas,globet-scc,globet-reference,
Search within this database
Sino-Caucasian etymology :
Search within this database
Proto-Sino-Caucasian: *s_ɨlV ( ~ -ɫ-) ?
Meaning: light; easy
sccet-meaning,sccet-prnum,sccet-cauc,sccet-stib,sccet-basq,
Search within this database
North Caucasian etymology :
Search within this database
Proto-North Caucasian: *s_ɨlV ( ~ -ɫ-)
Meaning: light (of weight)
Notes: A Lezg.-WC isogloss. The PWC form can be analyzed as "light inside" (with the common WC morpheme *Łʷa- 'inner, inside; to enter'). In this case the correspondence is established between PL *s:ɨlä- and PWC *-sǝ. It is quite regular and seems probable, but must be approached with some caution because of the scarcity of reflexes in EC languages. See Абдоков 1983, 150.
caucet-prnum,caucet-meaning,caucet-lezg,caucet-abad,caucet-comment,
Search within this database
Lezghian etymology :
Search within this database
Proto-Lezghian: *s:ɨlä-
Meaning: 1 light 2 small 3 transparent, pure; liquid
Lezghian: q̇e-zil 1
Agul: ḳisal-f (?) 1
Rutul: sɨl-dɨ 1
Kryz: siläd 2
Budukh: sala-l 3
Archi: s:ala 1
Comment: Cf. also Lezg. Khl. q̇e-sɨl (Lezg. q̇e- is an archaic adjective prefix; it can not, however, correspond to Ag. ḳi- - that is why the Ag. form still requires an explanation). Shakhdagh > Khin. sulu 'liquid' (with the same specific semantic change as in Bud.). See Хайдаков 1973,107.
lezget-prnum,lezget-meaning,lezget-lzg,lezget-agu,lezget-rut,lezget-krz,lezget-bud,lezget-arc,lezget-comment,
Search within this database
Abkhaz-Adyghe etymology :
Search within this database
Proto-West-Caucasian: *Łʷasǝ
Meaning: light (of weight)
Abkhaz: á-las
Abaza: lasǝ
Ubykh: wasǝ́
Comments: PAT *lasǝ. The correspondence PAT *l : Ub. w points only to PWC *Łʷ. If the root is *sǝ (see below), one can compare (following Абдоков 1983, 150) *psǝ- in PAK *psǝ-nč̣́á 'light; swift' > Ad. psǝnč̣a, Kab. psǝnṣ́a.
abadet-prnum,abadet-meaning,abadet-abk,abadet-aba,abadet-ubk,abadet-comment,
Search within this database
Sino-Tibetan etymology :
Search within this database
Proto-Sino-Tibetan: *lă (s-)
Meaning: easy, slow
Tibetan: sla easy.
stibet-prnum,stibet-meaning,stibet-chin,stibet-tib,stibet-comments,
Search within this database
Chinese characters :
Search within this database
Character: 舒
Modern (Beijing) reading: shū
Preclassic Old Chinese: sla
Classic Old Chinese: l̥a
Western Han Chinese: l̥a
Eastern Han Chinese: śa
Early Postclassic Chinese: śo
Middle Postclassic Chinese: śo
Late Postclassic Chinese: śo
Middle Chinese: śö
English meaning : be relaxed, slow, easy, lazy
Russian meaning[s]: 1) вытягивать; распространяться; развертывать, расстилать; разгладить; 2) неторопливый, медлительный; спокойный
Comments: Fuzhou chü1 may point rather to OC *slha, with irregular development > MC śö (normally *sjö would be expected).
Radical: 135
Four-angle index: 3023
Karlgren code: 0083 k
Shijing occurrences: 23.3
bigchina-reading,bigchina-ochn,bigchina-cchn,bigchina-wchn,bigchina-echn,bigchina-epchn,bigchina-mpchn,bigchina-lpchn,bigchina-mchn,bigchina-meaning,bigchina-oshanin,bigchina-comment,bigchina-stibet,bigchina-doc,bigchina-radical,bigchina-oshval,bigchina-karlgren,bigchina-shijing,
Search within this database
Chinese Dialects :
Search within this database
Number: 1505
Character: 舒
MC description : 遇合三平魚書
ZIHUI: 5289 0886
Beijing: ṣu 11
Jinan: ṣu 11
Xi'an: fu 11
Taiyuan: su 1
Hankou: śy 11
Chengdu: su 11
Yangzhou: su 11
Suzhou: sü 11
Wenzhou: si_ 11
Changsha: śy 11
Shuangfeng: śy 11
Nanchang: śy 11
Meixian: su 11
Guangzhou: šy 11
Xiamen: su 11
Chaozhou: su 11
Fuzhou: chy 11
Shanghai: sü 1
Zhongyuan yinyun: šiu 1
doc-charref,doc-character,doc-mcinfo,doc-zihui,doc-beijing,doc-jinan,doc-xian,doc-taiyuan,doc-hankou,doc-chengdu,doc-yangzhou,doc-suzhou,doc-wenzhou,doc-changsha,doc-shuangfeng,doc-nanchang,doc-meixian,doc-guangzhou,doc-xiamen,doc-chaozhou,doc-fuzhou,doc-shanghai,doc-zhongyuan,
Search within this database
Basque etymology :
Search within this database
Proto-Basque: *saɫhui
Meaning: agile, quick, nimble
Gipuzkoan: zaloi, zauli
High Navarrese: zaloi, zauli
Salazarese: zaloi
Lapurdian: zalhui, zauli
Baztanese: zauli
Aezkoan: zalui, zaloi
Zuberoan: zálhe
basqet-prnum,basqet-meaning,basqet-gip,basqet-anv,basqet-sal,basqet-lab,basqet-bzt,basqet-azk,basqet-zbr,
Search within this database
Select another database
Change viewing parameters
Total pages generated | Pages generated by this script | 512744 | 3222050 |
| Help
|
StarLing database server | Powered by | CGI scripts | Copyright 1998-2003 by S. Starostin | ![](/images/harbour-button.gif) | Copyright 1998-2003 by G. Bronnikov Copyright 2005-2014 by Phil Krylov |
|