Change viewing parameters
Select another database
Altaic etymology :
Search within this database
Proto-Altaic: *aĺV
Meaning: fresh crops, germinated seeds
Russian meaning: проросшие семена, молодые злаки
Comments: A Western isogloss: outside the Western area cf. perhaps OJ azami 'sow-thistle'.
altet-prnum,altet-meaning,altet-rusmean,altet-turc,altet-mong,altet-tung,altet-reference,
Search within this database
Turkic etymology :
Search within this database
Proto-Turkic: *(i)ăĺ-
Meaning: 1 seed, cereals, crops; 2 graft, 3 vaccine, 4 pus (primarily - as a material for vaccinacion?) 5 tanning matter, 6 starch
Russian meaning: 1 семя, злаки, зерновые 2 привой 3 вакцина 4 гной (первоначально - как прививка?) 5 дубильное вещество 6 крахмал
Karakhanid: aš-lɨq 1 (ašlɨq tarɨɣ önar 'crops spring') (MK; IM) Turkish: ašɨ 2, 3
Tatar: aš-lɨq 1, aš 1, 4 dial. (Sib., КСТТ 107), aš-la- 'to starch' Uzbek: ɔš 5, ɔš-liq 1
Uighur: aš-lɨq 1, aš-la- 'to tan'
Azerbaidzhan: aš, ašɨ 3, 5
Turkmen: aš-Gar 5
Khakassian: as 1, as-ta-n- 'to beware of a disease' ('to vaccinate oneself'?)
Shor: aš 1
Oyrat: aš 1
Yakut: as 4, as, ahɨlɨk 'fruit of some wild plants, berry'
Dolgan: ahɨlɨk 'berry'
Kirghiz: aš 'fruit of some wild plants, berry', aštɨq 1, aša- 'to tan'
Kazakh: astɨq 1
Noghai: as 'a grain, a seed', aslɨq 1
Bashkir: ašlɨq 1, ašla- 'to graft', dial. aš 'pus' (Бhh III 26) Balkar: aš-lɨq 1, aš-ügü 'one of cereal cultures'
Gagauz: haš-la- 'to plant out seedlings; to graft; to vaccinate'
Karaim: aš-lɨq 1, aš-la- 'to graft'
Salar: aš-lɨq 1 (ССЯ 296) Kumyk: aš 1 (Cатыб. 73), aš-la- 'to pollinate; to tan'
Comments: VEWT 30, ЭСТЯ 1, 211-212, 216, Stachowski 29. A lot of etymological confusion here. Forms meaning 'to tan, tanning matter; starch' may be either borrowed from Persian or, rather, derived from *(i)aĺ 'meal' (v. sub *i̯oĺe), see Лексика 378. The latter root, due to its phonetic similarity (or even identity) has in general influenced the present one: 'cereals' are influenced by 'porridge' and *(i)aĺ-la- 'to graft, to pollinate' by *(i)aĺ-la- 'to fertilize' ( = 'to feed'). It seems nevertheless impossible to unite them completely. turcet-prnum,turcet-meaning,turcet-rusmean,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,turcet-jak,turcet-dolg,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,turcet-nogx,turcet-bas,turcet-blkx,turcet-gagx,turcet-krmx,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,turcet-reference,
Search within this database
Mongolian etymology :
Search within this database
Proto-Mongolian: *(h)alir-su
Meaning: 1 chaff 2 fresh grass 3 blue-berry 4 bilberry, cranberry
Russian meaning: 1 кожура плодов, мякина 2 свежая трава, отава 3 черника, брусника 4 черника, клюква
Written Mongolian: alisu 1 (KW 22), alir-su(n) 4 (L 32) Khalkha: alirs 3
Buriat: alirhan 2, 3
Kalmuck: älsn. 1
monget-prnum,monget-meaning,monget-rusmean,monget-wmo,monget-hal,monget-bur,monget-kal,monget-reference,
Search within this database
Tungus etymology :
Search within this database
Proto-Tungus-Manchu: *alu-
Meaning: 1 currants 2 a k. of berry (моховка)
Russian meaning: 1 смородина 2 моховка (ягода)
Evenki: aluɣ 1
Negidal: aloj 1
Ulcha: ālụ 1
Orok: allụ 1
Oroch: ālǟ ~ āli 2
Comments: ТМС 1, 33. {Cf. Manch. elisun 'трава, ростки', ТМС 2, 447}. tunget-prnum,tunget-meaning,tunget-rusmean,tunget-evk,tunget-neg,tunget-ulc,tunget-ork,tunget-orc,tunget-reference,
Search within this database
Nostratic etymology :
Search within this database
Eurasiatic: *ʔVĺV
Meaning: germinated seeds, juice of berries or trees (?)
nostret-meaning,nostret-ier,nostret-alt,nostret-ura,
Search within this database
Indo-European etymology :
Search within this database
Proto-IE: *alut-, -d-
Meaning: yeast, alum, beer
Old Greek: alǘdoi̯mo- `bemitleidenswert'; alǘd(o)imon = pikrón Sophron ap. Hsch.; inf. alüdmaínein = pikráinein ? Hsch.
Slavic: *olъ
Latin: alūmen, -inis n. `bitteres Tonerdesalz, Alaun', alūta f. `Alaunleder'
Russ. meaning: дрожжи, квасцы; пиво
piet-meaning,piet-greek,piet-slav,piet-balt,piet-germ,piet-lat,piet-rusmean,piet-refer,
Search within this database
Baltic etymology :
Search within this database
Proto-Baltic: *al-u n.
Meaning: beer
Lithuanian: alù-s `Bier'
Lettish: alus `das Bier'
Old Prussian: alu n. `Met' V. 392
baltet-meaning,baltet-prnum,baltet-lith,baltet-lett,baltet-oprus,
Search within this database
Germanic etymology :
Search within this database
Proto-Germanic: *alúɵ; *alwa-; *alúɵra-n
Meaning: ale, beer
Old Norse: ɔl n. `Bier, Trinkgelage'; ɔl-r `betrunken'; ɔldr n. `Rauschtrank; Trinkgelage'
Swedish: öl
Danish: öl
Old English: ealu (ealo, -a), gen. ealoɵ (-aɵ, -eɵ) / alɵes, dat. ealoɵ (-aɵ, -eɵ) n. `ale; an intoxicating drink'
English: ale
Old Saxon: alo-fat `biervat'
Middle Dutch: ale, ael n. `Bier'
Middle High German: { al-schaf Trinkgefäss }
germet-meaning,germet-prnum,germet-onord,germet-swed,germet-dan,germet-oengl,germet-engl,germet-osax,germet-mdutch,germet-mhg,
Search within this database
Pokorny's dictionary :
Search within this database
Number: 68
Root: alu- (-d-, -t-)
English meaning: bitter; beer
German meaning: `bitter, Bier, Alaun'
Material: Gr. ἀλύδ(ο)ιμον πικρὸν παρὰ Σώφρονι Hes., ἀλυδμαίνειν [πικραίνειν?] Hes. (s. aber zur Bed. Herwerden Lex. Graec. suppl. 45); lat. alūta `Alaunleder' und alūmen `Alaun' sind einfach Erweiterungen von *alu-. Die Wurzel erscheint in Nordeuropa mit der Bedeutung `Bier, Met' (zu der Bedeutungsdifferenz vergleiche ksl. kvasъ `Alaun, Bier'); an. ǫl n. `Bier, Trinkgelage', ǫldr n. `Trinkgelage' (*aluþra-), ags. ealu(đ) n. `Bier', as. in alo-fat, mhd. in al-schaf `Trinkgefäß'; daraus entlehnt apr. alu n. `Met', lit. alùs (m. geworden wie medùs = preuß. meddo n.; J. Schmidt Pluralbild. 180), ksl. olъ (m. geworden wie medъ) `Bier'. Aus dem Germ. ist auch finn. olut `Bier' entlehnt.
References: WP. I 91, WH. I 34.
Pages: 33-34
pokorny-root,pokorny-meaning,pokorny-ger_mean,pokorny-material,pokorny-ref,pokorny-pages,pokorny-piet,
Search within this database
Uralic etymology :
Search within this database
Number: 40
Proto: *älV
English meaning: tree juice
German meaning: Baumsaft
Saam (Lapp): ālos -llus- 'the sap layer in a tree' (N), (h)ālōs 'der Saft od. der innerste saftige Teil der Baumrinde, bes. der Birke und Kiefer', ā͔л'uo͕ 'Baumsaft der Birke und anderer Bäume' (Wfs.)
Khanty (Ostyak): ö̆ḷ (V), ĕlǝ (DN), ăl (Kaz.) 'Baumsplint, Baumsaft'
Mansi (Vogul): oĺ (TJ), iĺ (KO P) 'Splint (der Birke, der Kiefer)'
Nenets (Yurak): ńīĺī 'Flüssigkeit des Baumes'
Selkup: yl (Ta.), yllu (NP), öl (Ty.) 'Flüssigkeit des Baumes; Getränk, Branntwein'
Sammalahti's version: *äl[ü]
K. Reshetnikov's notes: Ne \ni6l'ü (SW 27) - zu FU *el'3? Sk < Os?!
References: FUV; DEWO 90; Donn.VglWb. 383; Paas.Beitr. 91
uralet-proto,uralet-prnum,uralet-meaning,uralet-germmean,uralet-saa,uralet-khn,uralet-man,uralet-nen,uralet-slk,uralet-samm2,uralet-reshet,uralet-lit,
Search within this database
Select another database
Change viewing parameters
Total pages generated | Pages generated by this script | 535234 | 3226700 |
| Help
|
StarLing database server | Powered by | CGI scripts | Copyright 1998-2003 by S. Starostin | ![](/images/harbour-button.gif) | Copyright 1998-2003 by G. Bronnikov Copyright 2005-2014 by Phil Krylov |
|