Altaic etymology : List with all references

Proto-Altaic: *kăp`è

Meaning: to squeeze, press together

Russian meaning: сжимать, прижимать

Turkic: *Kɨp-

Mongolian: *kajiči

Tungus-Manchu: *kap-

Comments: KW 180, Владимирцов 270, Poppe 48. A Western isogloss. Despite Doerfer's doubts (TMN 1, 450), the Turk. and Mong. forms cannot be separated from each other. It is interesting also to mention the forms meaning 'to wink' ( < *'press eyelids together') among the reflexes of PT *Kɨp- (usually confused with *Kɨp- 'spark') and the TM derivative *kapta- (usually confused with *kapta- 'flat'). Cf. also *k`ap`V.

Turkic etymology :

Proto-Turkic: *Kɨp-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 to press together 2 scissors 3 tongs 4 to cut (with scissors)

Russian meaning: 1 сжимать 2 ножницы 3 клещи

Karakhanid: qɨftu (MK) 2

Turkish: kɨptɨ (dial.) 2, kɨ(r)p- 4

Middle Turkic: qɨptɨ 2 (Houts., Ettuhf.)

Azerbaidzhan: Gɨrp- 4

Turkmen: Gɨp- 1

Khakassian: xɨptɨ 2, xɨpla- 4

Shor: qɨptɨ 2, qɨpla- 4

Oyrat: qɨpta 2, qɨpčɨn- 1

Chuvash: xɨpčъk 3

Yakut: kɨptɨj 2, kɨbɨt-, kɨbɨj- 1

Dolgan: kɨptɨj- 2

Balkar: qɨptɨ 2

Karaim: qɨptɨ 2

Comments: VEWT 234, EDT 582, ЭСТЯ 6, 221-222, 224, Stachowski 168.

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Mongolian etymology :

Proto-Mongolian: *kajiči

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: scissors

Russian meaning: ножницы

Written Mongolian: qajiči(n) (L 912)

Middle Mongolian: xajiči (HY 21), qaiči (MA)

Khalkha: xajč

Buriat: xajša

Kalmuck: xǟčǝ

Ordos: xǟči

Dongxian: qaičɨ

Baoan: χiči

Dagur: kaič́ (Тод. Даг. 148: kaiči, xaiči), kajči (MD 181)

Shary-Yoghur: χaiči

Monguor: xǝ̄ʒ́i, xǝ̄ći (SM 166), xaiči

Comments: KW 180, TMN 1, 448, MGCD 318. Mong. > Oyr. qajčɨ etc. (ЭСТЯ 5, 209-211); Evk. kajič etc., see Poppe 1966, 193, TMN 1, 449, Doerfer MT 64-65.

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Tungus etymology :

Proto-Tungus-Manchu: *kap-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 together 2 to press, squeeze together 3 couple 4 gripe 5 trap

Russian meaning: 1 вместе 2 давить, прижимать 3 пара 4 тиски, зажим 5 капкан

Evenki: kapkal- 2

Negidal: kap 1, kapel 5

Spoken Manchu: havirǝhun, h́avirǝhun (2619) 'narrow, tight'

Literary Manchu: qab(a) 3, χafira- 2, χafiraqu 4

Ulcha: qap 1, qapụra- 2, qapụraqụ 4, qapalị 5

Orok: qap 1, qapịra 4

Nanai: qap 1, qapịra- 2, qapịraqo 4, qapalị 5

Oroch: kapali 1

Udighe: käfi- 2 (Корм. 247), kab`au 3

Comments: ТМС 1, 376, 378-379.

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