Japanese etymology :

Proto-Japanese: *átápá-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 to give 2 price

Russian meaning: 1 давать 2 цена

Old Japanese: atapa- 1, atapji 2

Middle Japanese: átáfá- 1, átáfi 2

Tokyo: àtae- 1

Kyoto: átáé- 1

Kagoshima: ataé- 1

Comments: JLTT 387, 678.

Altaic etymology :

Proto-Altaic: *i̯ā́tá ( ~ -t`-)

Nostratic: Nostratic

Meaning: to give, gift

Russian meaning: давать

Turkic: *(i)ātag

Korean: *tā-

Japanese: *átápá-

Comments: Korean demonstrates a frequent vowel elision. Phonetically a good match would be PTM *iata 'ritual pollution, desecration in child-birth', but the meaning appears too specialized.

Turkic etymology :

Proto-Turkic: *(i)ātag

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 sacrifice 2 price, sale 3 engagement, votive 4 gift

Russian meaning: 1 жертвоприношение 2 цена, продажа 3 помолвка, обет 4 подарок

Turkish: adaɣ 1, 3, 4

Azerbaidzhan: adax 3

Turkmen: ādaG 3

Shor: ada 1

Yakut: atɨ̄ 2

Comments: VEWT 5. All the listed forms may be derived from *āta- `to name' ( < *āt `name'), but the specific meanings rather suggest a secondary contamination.

Korean etymology :

Proto-Korean: *tā-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: give (me)

Russian meaning: дай (мне)

Modern Korean: tā-go, tā-o

Middle Korean: tā-kò

Comments: Liu 190, 191, KED 378.

Nostratic etymology :

Eurasiatic: *ajṭV ~ *amṭV?

Meaning: gift, allotment

Borean: Borean

Indo-European: *ait-

Altaic: *i̯ā́t`a ( ~ -t-)

Uralic: *amta-

Dravidian: *Ud- (or: SDR *at-/*and- 'to reach, gain' (133)

References: ND 1641 *[ŋ]amtV 'to give'.

Indo-European etymology :

Proto-IE: *ait-

Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology

Meaning: fate, sentence

Avestan: aēta- 'der gebührende Teil (Strafe, dual. Schuld und Strafe)'

Old Greek: âi̯sa f. `Anteil, Lebenslos, Geschick, Gebuhr'; ái̯sio- `günstig, gebührend, billig'; dí-ai̯ta f. `Leben(sweise), Lebensunterhalt, Diät, Aufenthaltsort, Wohnzimmer'; hom. gen. ísǟs ( от *íssa); aor. íssasthai = klēroûsthai (Lésboi) Hsch.; ôi̯to-s `Menschengeschick, (unglücklliches) Schicksal'

Other Italic: Osk aeteis `partis', (a)íttiúm `portionum'

Russ. meaning: судьба, приговор

References: WP I 2

Uralic etymology :

Number: 11

Proto: *amta-

> Nostratic: > Nostratic

English meaning: to give

German meaning: geben

Finnish: anta- 'geben; schenken' ( > Saam. ȃd'de- 'give; present', K T Kld. a_inte- 'give')

Saam (Lapp): vuow'de- -wd- 'sell' (N), vuob'tē- ~ vuog'tē- id. (L), uū̯^dt̨̄e- (K Ko Not.) 'geben'

Mordovian: ando- (E M) 'nähren, ernähren, füttern'

Udmurt (Votyak): ud- (S, K) 'tränken, zu trinken geben'

Komi (Zyrian): ud- (Lu. P PO) 'tränken, zu trinken geben, füttern und tränken'

Hungarian: ad- 'geben; schenken'

Sammalahti's version: *i6mta-

References: FUV; Donn. VglWb. I, 27; SKES; КЭСКЯ; MUSz. 716; EtSz.; SzófSz.; MSzFgrE; TESz.; ИВПЯ 212

Dravidian etymology :

Proto-Dravidian : *Ud-

Meaning : to give, give a hand; to aid

Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology

Proto-South Dravidian: *Ud-av-

Proto-Telugu : *od-av-

South Dravidian etymology :

Proto-South Dravidian : *Ud-av-

Meaning : to give; to aid

Dravidian etymology: Dravidian etymology

Tamil : utavu (utavi-)

Tamil meaning : to give, contribute (as one's mite), help, aid, assist, be of use

Tamil derivates : utavi aid, help, assistance, gift, contribution; ? ūtiyam profit, gain, benefit, advantage

Malayalam : utakuka

Malayalam meaning : to serve, be at hand and of use, help

Malayalam derivates : utakkam, utavi help

Kannada : odagu, odugu, odavu

Kannada meaning : to keep close to, come to hand, accrue to, be at hand, be of use

Kannada derivates : odagu that is at hand, that has accrued to one or has come into one's possession; odagisu, odavisu to cause (something) to come to or near, cause to be obtained, give, produce

Tulu : odaguni

Tulu meaning : to be opportune or ready

Tulu derivates : odagāvuni to procure, supply, prepare, assist

Proto-Nilgiri : *od-ǝg-

Number in DED : 0609

Nilgiri etymology :

Proto-Nilgiri : *od-ǝg-

Meaning : ready

South Dravidian etymology: South Dravidian etymology

Kota : odg- (odgy-) "to become ready, help"

Toda : wɨɵx- (wɨɵxy-) "to get ready (intr.), be of use"

Additional forms : Also Kota odk- (odky-) to make ready; odyv aid, help; ot- (oty-) to be friendly; ot state of being friendly, help, nearness, proximity; Toda wɨɵk- (wɨɵky-) to get ready (tr.); wɨɵfy help, aid; ōɵy help, usefulness

Number in DED : 609

Telugu etymology :

Proto-Telugu : *od-av-

Meaning : to be serviceable, useful, suitable, fit, or proper, serve, occur, arise

Dravidian etymology: Dravidian etymology

Telugu : odavu

Telugu (Krishnamurti) : odavu "to give"

Number in DED : 609

Long-range etymologies :

Borean (approx.) : HVTV

Meaning : gift, allotment

Eurasiatic : *ajṭV ~ *amṭV?

Afroasiatic : *ʔVtV- / *nV-tV- 'to give' (Sem., Chad., Cush.?)

Sino-Caucasian : NC *=VtV̆??

Reference : Cf. *to[H]V

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