Japanese etymology :

Proto-Japanese: *súp-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: to suck, inhale

Russian meaning: сосать, вдыхать

Old Japanese: suf-

Middle Japanese: súp-

Tokyo: sù-

Kyoto: sú-

Kagoshima: sú-

Comments: JLTT 760.

Altaic etymology :

Proto-Altaic: *ši̯úp`ù

Nostratic: Nostratic

Meaning: to suck, hold in mouth

Russian meaning: сосать, держать во рту

Turkic: *sɨp-

Mongolian: *siɣü-

Tungus-Manchu: *šupa- (~č-)

Korean: *sp-ắr-

Japanese: *súp-

Comments: Whitman 1985, 181, 233 (Kor.-Jpn.). Korean has a usual vowel reduction between a fricative and a stop.

Turkic etymology :

Proto-Turkic: *sɨp-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: to swallow greedily

Russian meaning: жадно глотать, пить залпом

Turkish: sɨp-

Tatar: sɨpɨr-

Middle Turkic: sipqar- (Pav. C., Бор. Бад.)

Azerbaidzhan: sɨfɣar- (dial.)

Bashkir: hɨpɨr-

Comments: VEWT 418, 423, ЭСТЯ 7. The Chag. form may have been secondary influenced by Mong. sibqar- 'to press, squeeze'.

Mongolian etymology :

Proto-Mongolian: *siɣü-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: to filter, strain

Russian meaning: процеживать

Written Mongolian: siɣü- (L 702)

Middle Mongolian: šu- (MA 337)

Khalkha: šǖ-

Buriat: šǖ-

Kalmuck: šǖ- (КРС)

Ordos: šǖ-

Tungus etymology :

Proto-Tungus-Manchu: *šupa- (~č-)

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: to suck

Russian meaning: сосать

Evenki: čupku- 'suck out'

Negidal: čopon- 'kiss', čụpka- 'soak'

Oroch: čop(o)ko- 'kiss'

Comments: ТМС 2, 408, 415.

Korean etymology :

Proto-Korean: *sp-ắr-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: to suck

Russian meaning: сосать

Modern Korean: p:al-

Middle Korean: sp-ắr-

Comments: Nam 247, KED 725.

Nostratic etymology :

Eurasiatic: *[c`w]VṗV

Meaning: to suck

Borean: Borean

Indo-European: *sūp-

Altaic: *ši̯úp`ù

Kartvelian: ? *c̣ob- (cf. also Svan. zweb- 'eat')

Dravidian: cub-

Comments: Expected *ć̣ in Kartv.

Indo-European etymology :

Proto-IE: *sūp-, -b-

Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology

Meaning: to gulp; broth, soup

Old Indian: sūpa- m. `sauce, soup, broth'

Slavic: *sъsā́tī, *sъsā́lъ, *sъ̃sǭ

Germanic: *sū́f=, *súf=, *sū́f-l-a- n., *súf-l-a- n.; *sūp-a- vb., *saup=, *sup=, *sup-ō- vb.

Russ. meaning: хлебать; суп, бульон

References: WP II 468 f

Vasmer's dictionary :

Germanic etymology :

Proto-Germanic: *sū́f=, *súf=, *sū́fla-n, *súfla-n; *sūpan-, *saup=, *sup=, *supōn- vb.

Meaning: gulp; soupe

IE etymology: IE etymology

Gothic: supōn wk. `salt, season'

Old Norse: saup `Buttermilch', sopi `Schluck', sūpa `schlürfen, trinken', sūp-r m.; sufl `toespijs'

Swedish: supa `schlürfen, trinken'

Old English: { sūf `Brühe, Suppe', sufel }; { soppe }, sopp `sop', soppian `to sop', sūpan (sēap, supon; sopen) `to sup, to take fluid into the mouth'

English: to sop, sup `schlürfen'; dial. sop (sbst.)

Old Saxon: suval `pulmentum'

Middle Dutch: soppe f., sop n. `sop, saus, geweekt brood', soppen `Brot in Flussigkeit eintrunken', sūpen `schlürfen, trinken'; sūvel n. `zuivel'

Dutch: sop n., vlam. zoppe f., zop n.; soppen, vlam. zoppen `Brot in Flussigkeit eintrunken', zuipen `schlürfen, trinken'; zuivel m., n.

Middle Low German: soppe, suppe f. `eingeweichtes Brot, Brühe, Brei, Sosse', sūpe f. `soep', sūpen `schlürfen, trinken'; sūvel n. `zuivel'

Old High German: souf `Brühe' (9.Jh.), gi-sopho `gebrühter Getreideabfall' (um 800), suphila `schlürfbares brühchen, Süppchen' (9.Jh.), soffōn `würzen'; sūfan (9.Jh.) `schlürfen, trinken', suvil `pisumen', sufili n., sufila f. `sorbitiuncula'

Middle High German: suppe, soppe wk./st. f. 'brühe, suppe; morgensuppe, frühstück'; mahlzeit überh.' { sopfe `gesopt brood' }, suf, sof (-ff-) st. m. 'schuff, schlurf'; sūf st. m. 'trank'; supfen wk. 'schlürfen', sūfen, soufen st. tr. 'schlürfen, trinken', intr. versinken, untergehen', sūfe f.'suppe'

German: [ Suppe (< LG) ]; saufen

Kartvelian etymology :

Proto-Kartvelian: *c̣ob-

Nostratic: Nostratic

Russian meaning: сосать

English meaning: to suck

Svan: c̣ōb-

Laz: c̣up-

Notes and references: EWK 507-508. Основу следует отделять от *c̣ow- q.v., хотя не исключены контаминации. Имеются довольно явные СК (ПВК *c̣uṗV 'сосание', NCED 367) и ностр. параллели (алт. *šiup`u 'сосать', и.-е. *seup- id.).

Dravidian etymology :

Proto-Dravidian : *cub- (?)

Meaning : to suck

Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology

Proto-South Dravidian: *cūm(p)-

Proto-Kolami-Gadba : *Cup-k-

Proto-Gondi-Kui : *sūb-

Proto-North Dravidian : *cumG-

Brahui : cūp-ing

Notes : Vowel length is sporadic here; maybe due to the 'expressive' character of the root.

South Dravidian etymology :

Proto-South Dravidian : *cūm(p)-

Meaning : to suck

Dravidian etymology: Dravidian etymology

Tamil : cūppu

Tamil meaning : to suck, sip

Tamil derivates : cūppi artificial nipple for a child to suck; cūmpu (cūmpi-) to suck, fondle with the lips; ūmpu (ūmpi-) to suck; umi (-v-, -nt-) to suck

Malayalam : ūmpuka

Malayalam meaning : to suck, eat

Malayalam derivates : umma a kiss; umikkuka to sip, suck

Kannada : ummu

Kannada meaning : a kiss

Kodagu : ūt- (ūti-)

Kodagu meaning : to suck

Tulu : jumbuni

Tulu meaning : to suck, sip, lick

Tulu derivates : (B-K) jumbu, jimbu to suck

Proto-Nilgiri : *ub-

Miscellaneous : KOR (O) jumbu to suck

Number in DED : 2621

Nilgiri etymology :

Proto-Nilgiri : *ub-

Meaning : to suck penis

South Dravidian etymology: South Dravidian etymology

Kota : ub- (uby-)

Number in DED : 2621

Kolami-Gadba etymology :

Proto-Kolami-Gadba : *Cup-k-

Meaning : to suck

Dravidian etymology: Dravidian etymology

Parji : cūk-, cūv-

Salur Gadba : cupk- (cupt-) "to suck, smack"

Number in DED : 2621

Gondwan etymology :

Proto-Gondi-Kui : *sūb-

Meaning : to suck

Dravidian etymology: Dravidian etymology

Proto-Gondi : *suhk-

Konda : sūb- (-it-)

Proto-Pengo-Manda : *ǯūb-

Proto-Kui-Kuwi : *ǯūmb-/*ǯūp-

Gondi etymology :

Proto-Gondi : *suhk-

Meaning : to suck

Gondwan etymology: Gondwan etymology

Betul Gondi : suhkānā

Mandla Gondi (Phailbus) : suhkānā

Maria Gondi : uʔk-

Number in DED : 2621

Number in CVOTGD : 3449

Konda etymology :

Konda : sūb- (-it-)

Meaning: to suck, kiss

Gondwan etymology: Gondwan etymology

Number in DED : 2621

Pengo-Manda etymology :

Proto-Pengo-Manda : *ǯūb-

Meaning : to suck

Gondwan etymology: Gondwan etymology

Manda : jūb-

Number in DED : 2621

Kui-Kuwi etymology :

Proto-Kui-Kuwi : *ǯūmb-/*ǯūp-

Meaning : to suck

Gondwan etymology: Gondwan etymology

Kui : jūmba (jūmbi-), jūpa (jūt-) "to suck, absorb; n. suction, abosrption"

Kuwi (Fitzgerald) : jūpali "to suck, kiss"

Number in DED : 2621

North Dravidian etymology :

Proto-North-Dravidian : *cumG-

Meaning : to kiss

Dravidian etymology: Dravidian etymology

Kurukh : conkhnā (cunkhyas), cuŋknā

Malto : cumqe

Additional forms : Also MLT cumqrēse to sound with the lips in calling animals.

Number in DED : 2621

Brahui etymology :

Brahui : cūp-ing

Meaning : to suck

Dravidian etymology: Dravidian etymology

Number in DED : 2621

Long-range etymologies :

Borean (approx.) : CVPV

Meaning : suck

Eurasiatic : *SUṗV

Afroasiatic : *ĉVp- (?)

Sino-Caucasian : *[c̣]uṗV

Austric : PAA *cVp, PAN *cupcup, *sepsep, *hisep 'sip, suck'

Notes : Sag. 48 (Chin. 噆 - AN).

Afroasiatic etymology :

Proto-Afro-Asiatic: *ĉVp- (?)

Meaning: suck; absorb

Semitic: *nVŝVp- 'absorb'

Western Chadic: *ĉup- 'suck'

East Chadic: *ĉVp- 'moisten'

Notes: Insufficient data. Both meanings and phonetics questionable.

Semitic etymology :

Number: 843

Proto-Semitic: *nVŝVp-

Afroasiatic etymology: Afroasiatic etymology

Meaning: 'absorb'

Arabic: nšf a/u

West Chadic etymology :

Proto-WChadic: *ĉup-

Afroasiatic etymology: Afroasiatic etymology

Meaning: 'suck'

Kifri=Giwo: šùppú [ShV]

Gera: čùfù

Galambu: sub-

East Chadic etymology :

Proto-EChadic: *ĉVp-

Afroasiatic etymology: Afroasiatic etymology

Meaning: 'moisten'

Dangla: čṑpe [Fd]

Bidiya: čīp [JBid]

Sino-Caucasian etymology :

Proto-Sino-Caucasian: *[c̣]uṗV

Meaning: suck

Borean etymology: Borean etymology

North Caucasian: *c̣uṗV

Sino-Tibetan: /*ʒ́hV̄p /

North Caucasian etymology :

Proto-North Caucasian: *c̣uṗV

Sino-Caucasian etymology: Sino-Caucasian etymology

Meaning: sucking

Proto-Nakh: *c̣uṗ-

Proto-Lak: c̣uṗ

Proto-Dargwa: *c̣uṗ

Notes: An expressive EC root; besides the PN, Lak. and Darg. forms (which correspond to each other quite well), there is a number of rather distorted reflexes in Lezgian languages: Ag. suṗ-as, Kryz. č̣uw jeriǯ, Bud. č̣up-; cf. also Khin. šib-kʷi.

Nakh etymology :

Proto-Nakh: *c̣uṗ-

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: to suck

Chechen: c̣ub-dan

Batsbi: c̣uṗ-dar

Comments: A compound verb (cf. also Bacb. c̣uṗ-aʎar) id., with the nominal component *c̣uṗ "sucking".

Lak etymology :

Lak root: c̣uṗ

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: to suck

Lak form: c̣uṗ učin

Comments: Also c̣uṗa ṭun (Khosr. c̣uṗa ṭun) id. A compound verb with the first component c̣uṗ 'sucking'.

Dargwa etymology :

Proto-Dargwa: *c̣uṗ

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: to suck

Chiragh: c̣uṗ barq̇ī

Sino-Tibetan etymology :

Proto-Sino-Tibetan: *ʒ́hV̄p

Sino-Caucasian etymology: Sino-Caucasian etymology

Meaning: suck

Tibetan: ãʒ́ib(s) (p. bźibs,f. bźib) to suck.

Burmese: ćup kiss, suck, LB *ćhupx.

Kachin: čup² to suck (as through a straw).

Lushai: fōp (foʔ) kiss, suck; cf. also fēp (feʔ) to suck (as sugar cane).

Lepcha: čóp to suck and afterwards spit out the refuse (of tobacco)

Kiranti: *cùp

Comments: Dimasa dźob; Kanauri tśhubʔ; Newari tśupa. Cf. also KC *M-tśúp kiss, suck; Jnp. (H) mǝsup to inhale, as odour or gas. Sh. 54, 67, 101; Ben. 28. The root may be confused with *[ć]uap q.v. STEDT 214-226 *m-dzo:p; dzup ~ dzip 'suck, suckle, milk, kiss'.

Kiranti etymology :

Proto-Kiranti: *cùp

Sino-Tibetan etymology: Sino-Tibetan etymology

Meaning: kiss

Kaling: cüp münä

Limbu: cupmā (cuptu)

Austric etymology :

Proto-Austric: *cVp

Meaning: suck

Borean etymology: Borean etymology

Proto-Austroasiatic: cVp

Austroasiatic meaning: suck

Proto-Austronesian: *cupcup, *sepsep

Austronesian meaning: sip, suck

Proto-Thai: cup.A to suck < KD; su:p.A to suck, plump

Austro-Asiatic etymology :

Proto-Austro-Asiatic: cVp

Meaning: suck

Austric etymology: Austric etymology

Thai: cup.A to suck < KD; su:p.A to suck, plump

Khmer: ʒɔp

Proto-Monic: M ʒa:p, cep

Khasi: kʒup suck

References: Kh 732

Khmer etymology :

Khmer: ʒɔp

Meaning: to exert suction on, suck; ʒǝńʒap to suck, (of birds) to feed; sɔp to suck up, pump in

Austro-Asiatic etymology: Austro-Asiatic etymology

Comments: D; JP link the word with ʒap to stop

References: JP72

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