Japanese etymology : List with all references

Comments: The medial consonant behaves irregularly: the Turk. and Mong. forms point to an intermediate *gi̯ogo, probably a result of assimilation < *gi̯oko.

altet-prnum,altet-meaning,altet-rusmean,altet-turc,altet-mong,altet-tung,altet-jap,altet-reference,

Search within this database

Turkic etymology :

Search within this database

Proto-Turkic: *Kog-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: to drive, pursue

Russian meaning: гнать, преследовать

Turkish: koɣ- (since 17th cent.)

Uighur: qoɣla- (dial.)

Khakassian: xoɣ-

Oyrat: qoɣ-

Yakut: kuolā-

Comments: ЭСТЯ 6, 9-10, VEWT 275 (should be distinguished from PT *Kob-).

turcet-prnum,turcet-meaning,turcet-rusmean,turcet-trk,turcet-uig,turcet-hak,turcet-alt,turcet-jak,turcet-reference,

Search within this database

Mongolian etymology :

Search within this database

Proto-Mongolian: *güji-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: to run, gallop, flee

Russian meaning: бежать, убегать

Written Mongolian: güi-, güjü- (L 390)

Middle Mongolian: gue- (HY 16, 36), gui'ji- (SH), gui- (MA), guj- (IM)

Khalkha: güj-

Buriat: güj-

Kalmuck: gǖ-

Ordos: güj-

Dagur: gui- (Тод. Даг. 133, MD 153)

Monguor: gwǝ̄- (SM 140), gui- (Huzu)

Mogol: güī-; KT gujä- (10-6a)

Comments: KW 140, MGCD 308.

monget-prnum,monget-meaning,monget-rusmean,monget-wmo,monget-mmo,monget-hal,monget-bur,monget-kal,monget-ord,monget-dag,monget-mgr,monget-mogh,monget-reference,

Search within this database

Tungus etymology :

Search within this database

Proto-Tungus-Manchu: *gik-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 to gallop 2 to send 3 to spy

Russian meaning: 1 бежать рысью 2 посылать 3 разведывать

Even: gịqlị- 3

Literary Manchu: ǵaχala-ča- 1

Ulcha: Gịlta- 2

Nanai: Gịqo- 1, Gịaqta- 2

Oroch: gikta- 2

Comments: ТМС 1, 137, 149.

tunget-prnum,tunget-meaning,tunget-rusmean,tunget-evn,tunget-man,tunget-ulc,tunget-nan,tunget-orc,tunget-reference,

Search within this database

Nostratic etymology :

Search within this database

Eurasiatic: *Koki

Meaning: to trace

Borean: Borean

Indo-European: *kʷek'-, *kʷAg'-

Altaic: *gi̯ŏ̀[k]ó

Uralic: *koke

Kartvelian: *gog-

Dravidian: *gōk- (?)

References: МССНЯ 335, ОСНЯ 1, 309-310; ND 606 *goki 'track' (Alt., Ur.), 1023 *ḲoḲE 'look, see' (IE + Drav. + sparse SH) - probably one root.

nostret-meaning,nostret-prnum,nostret-ier,nostret-alt,nostret-ura,nostret-kart,nostret-drav,nostret-reference,

Search within this database

Indo-European etymology :

Search within this database

Proto-IE: *kʷek'-, *kʷAg'-

Meaning: to show

Tokharian: ? A kaś, B keś (PT *keśä) 'number' (Adams 198 < *kʷoki-)

Old Indian: kā́śate `to be visible, appear; to shine'; caṣte , 2 du. cakṣāthe `to appear, become visible; to see, look at'; cákṣas- n. `radiance, clearness; look, sight, eye', cákṣu- m. `eye'

Avestan: ākasat_ `erblickte'; čašte, čašāite `lehren, Unterricht erteilen', čašman- n. `Auge'

Other Iranian: NPers āgāh `kundig', nigāh `Anblick'; MPers čāšītan `lehren', NPers čašm 'Auge'

Old Greek: tékmar n. `Zeichen, Wahrzeichen; Ziel, Ende', tékmōr n. `Ziel, Ende; Zeichen, Beweis'

Slavic: *kāzā́tī, *kā̃zjǭ; *kāzъ; *kāznь

Russ. meaning: казать

References: WP I 510 f

piet-meaning,piet-tokh,piet-ind,piet-avest,piet-iran,piet-greek,piet-slav,piet-rusmean,piet-refer,

Search within this database

Vasmer's dictionary :

Search within this database

Word: каза́ть,

Near etymology: -кажу́: вы́казать, показа́ть, сказа́ть, отказа́ть, приказа́ть, также ука́з, прика́з, расска́з и т. д., укр. каза́ти "говорить", ст.-слав. казати, кажѫ δεικνύναι, λέγειν, болг. ка́жа, ка́звам "говорю", сербохорв. ка́зати, ка̑же̑м "сказать", словен. kázati, kâžem "показывать", чеш. kázati "показывать, приказывать", польск. kazać, każę "читать проповедь, приказывать", в.-луж. kazać "показывать, называть", н.-луж. kazaś.

Further etymology: Вероятно предположение о чередовании и.-е. ǵ и ḱ в конце к. (ср. греч. δίκη "предначертание, указание"; δεῖγμα "доказательство" и т. д.) и родстве с др.-инд. kā́c̨atē "появляется, блистает, светит", ākāc̨ya "увидел", авест. ākasat̃ "увидел", нов.-перс. āgāh "сведущий", далее: др.-инд. cáṣṭē "появляется, видит", саkṣаs ср. р. "блеск, сияние, лицо", авест. čašāite "учит, наставляет", ср.-перс. čāšītаn "учить", греч. τέκμαρ "знак"; см. Бругман, Grdr. 1, 561; 592; 660; Уленбек, Aind. Wb. 90; Бернекер 1, 497 и сл.; Махеk, "Slavia", 16, 187; Буазак 950. Неубедительно фонетическое обоснование Агреля (Zwei Beitr. 26 и сл.).

Pages: 2,159

vasmer-general,vasmer-origin,vasmer-pages,

Search within this database

Pokorny's dictionary :

Search within this database

Number: 1088

Root: kʷek̂-, kʷōk̂-, kʷek̂-s-

English meaning: to seem, see, show

German meaning: `erscheinen; sehen; zeigen'

Material: Ai. kā́śate `erscheint, glänzt, leuchtet', cakāśiti, cakāśyátē `leuchtet, schaut', kaśa- m. `Sichtbarsein, Schein';

av. ākasat̃ `erblickte'; npers. āgāh `kundig', nigāh `Anblick'; s-Erweiterung kʷek̂s-: ai. cáṣṭē (3. Pl. cakṣatē) `erscheint; erblickt', in Kompositis auch `ankündigen, zeigen', cakṣas- n. `Schein, Gesicht', cakṣu- `sehend', n. `Helle, Gesicht, Auge'; av. čaš(te, -āite) `lehren' (eig. `gewahr werden lassen'), mpers. čāšītan `lehren', av. apers. čašman- n. `Auge', npers. čašm, ds.;

gr. τέκμωρ, junger τέκμαρ (nach τεκμαίρω) `Zeichen, Merkmal' (*kʷek̂-m[ō]r-?); anders Schwyzer Gr. Gr. I 326;

mit tönendem Auslaut aksl. kažǫ, kazati `zeigen, mahnen', u-kazъ `ἀπό-δειξις' (auch kaznь `δόγμα, Anordnung'), wohl idg. *kʷeĝ- neben *kʷek̂-?

References: WP. I 510 f., Schwyzer Gr. Gr. I 326, 519.

Pages: 638-639

PIE database: PIE database

pokorny-root,pokorny-meaning,pokorny-ger_mean,pokorny-material,pokorny-ref,pokorny-pages,pokorny-piet,

Search within this database

Uralic etymology :

Search within this database

Number: 339

Proto: *koke

> Nostratic: > Nostratic

English meaning: to see, find

German meaning: sehen, besichtigen, finden

Finnish: koke- 'befühlen, versuchen, suchen', koen verkkoja 'Fanggeräte visitieren' ( > Saam. L kåkēm 'Einholen des Fanges aus dem Netze')

Estonian: koge- (dial.) 'fürchten, hüten, sich schämen; испытать, приобрести', koeta- 'hervorbringen'

Saam (Lapp): kuoɔk̀α- 'Fischfanggeräte besichtigen'

Nenets (Yurak): χo- (O) 'finden'

Enets (Yen): koa- (Ch.), kua- (B) 'suchen, finden'

Selkup: qo- (Ta.) 'sehen, finden; spüren, gewinnen', qō- (Tur., Ty.) 'finden', k͔óo-, ko-, kó- 'id.'

Kamass: ku- 'sehen, wählen, prüfen, betrachten'

Addenda: Kar. kuottele- 'versuchen, suchen, etwas kosten' ( > Saam. K A kuttøllø- 'versuchen, schmecken'); Koib. кубамъ 'вижу', куламъ 'нахожу'; Mot. коямъ

uralet-proto,uralet-prnum,uralet-meaning,uralet-germmean,uralet-fin,uralet-est,uralet-saa,uralet-nen,uralet-enc,uralet-slk,uralet-kam,uralet-add,

Search within this database

Kartvelian etymology :

Search within this database

Proto-Kartvelian: *gog-

Nostratic: Nostratic

Russian meaning: шагать (величественно)

English meaning: to proceed (solemnly)

Georgian: gog-

Svan: gog-

Notes and references: EWK 87. Ср. алт. *giago (/*giak`o) 'следовать, бежать за'; урал. *koke- 'осматривать, замечать' (алт. и урал. формы сопоставлены в ОСНЯ 1, 309-310).

kartet-prnum,kartet-rusmean,kartet-meaning,kartet-gru,kartet-sva,kartet-notes,

Search within this database

Dravidian etymology :

Search within this database

Proto-Dravidian : *gōk- (?)

Meaning : to look up

Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology

Proto-Gondi-Kui : *gōk-

dravet-meaning,dravet-prnum,dravet-gnd,

Search within this database

Gondwan etymology :

Search within this database

Proto-Gondi-Kui : *gōk-

Meaning : to look up

Dravidian etymology: Dravidian etymology

Konda : kok- (-t-)

Proto-Kui-Kuwi : *gōk-

Notes : In Konda secondary devoicing by assimilation.

gndet-meaning,gndet-prnum,gndet-kon,gndet-kui,gndet-notes,

Search within this database

Konda etymology :

Search within this database

Konda : kok- (-t-)

Meaning: to raise and project the head (while seeing a distant object)

Gondwan etymology: Gondwan etymology

Number in DED : 2180

konet-meaning,konet-prnum,konet-dednum,

Search within this database

Kui-Kuwi etymology :

Search within this database

Proto-Kui-Kuwi : *gōk-

Meaning : to stretch forth

Gondwan etymology: Gondwan etymology

Kui : gōpka (< gōk-p-; gōkt-) "to stretch forth, stretch the neck in order to observe something, crane the head out, put forth the ear (corn)"

Kuwi (Fitzgerald) : gōkhmū "look up!"

Kuwi (Israel) : gōk- "to look up, await"

Number in DED : 2180

kuiet-meaning,kuiet-prnum,kuiet-kui,kuiet-kuwi_f,kuiet-kuwi_isr,kuiet-dednum,

Search within this database

Long-range etymologies :

Search within this database

Borean (approx.) : KVKV

Meaning : to trace

Eurasiatic : *Koki

Afroasiatic : Cush. *gwVg/k- 'go away, road', Om. 'road'

Reference : МССНЯ 335, ОСНЯ 1, 309; ND 606.

globet-meaning,globet-nostr,globet-afas,globet-reference,

Search within this database

Select another database
Change viewing parameters

Total pages generated	Pages generated by this script
835275	4119794

Help

StarLing database server	Powered by	CGI scripts
Copyright 1998-2003 by S. Starostin		Copyright 1998-2003 by G. Bronnikov Copyright 2005-2014 by Phil Krylov