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Korean etymology :
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Proto-Korean: *kubɨi-hă-
Meaning: to celebrate, glorify
Russian meaning: прославлять, праздновать
Middle Korean: ku'ɨi-hă-
koret-prnum,koret-meaning,koret-rusmean,koret-ako,koret-reference,
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Altaic etymology :
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Proto-Altaic: *k`i̯ube
Meaning: voice, sound
Russian meaning: голос, звук
Comments: The Mong. form may belong here if it is different from *köɣer 'joy' < PA *kúbé q. v.; there probably occurred a secondary merger in some Mong. dialects. altet-prnum,altet-meaning,altet-rusmean,altet-turc,altet-mong,altet-tung,altet-kor,altet-jap,altet-reference,
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Turkic etymology :
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Proto-Turkic: *kü(b)
Meaning: 1 fame 2 wisdom 3 famous
Russian meaning: 1 слава 2 мудрость
Old Turkic: kü (Orkh., OUygh.) 1
Azerbaidzhan: küj 'roar'
Turkmen: küj 2
Khakassian: kü-lük 2
Shor: küg (R)
Oyrat: kü 'roar', külük 3
Kirghiz: kü 'sound, roar', külük 3
Kazakh: külük 3
Comments: VEWT 306, ЭСТЯ 5, 128-129, 140-141, TMN 3, 653. turcet-prnum,turcet-meaning,turcet-rusmean,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,turcet-reference,
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Mongolian etymology :
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Proto-Mongolian: *küw-
Meaning: 1 to talk, converse 2 conversation
Russian meaning: 1 разговаривать 2 разговор
Written Mongolian: küü-ne- 1, küür 2 (L 509) Khalkha: xǖne- 1, xǖr 2
Kalmuck: kȫr- 1
monget-prnum,monget-meaning,monget-rusmean,monget-wmo,monget-hal,monget-kal,monget-reference,
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Tungus etymology :
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Proto-Tungus-Manchu: *xǖ- (*xüb-)
Meaning: to sound
Russian meaning: звучать
Evenki: ī-
Even: ī-
Negidal: ī-
Ulcha: ujsi-
Orok: uji-
Nanai: xuj-si-
Comments: ТМС 1, 293-294. tunget-prnum,tunget-meaning,tunget-rusmean,tunget-evk,tunget-evn,tunget-neg,tunget-ulc,tunget-ork,tunget-nan,tunget-reference,
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Japanese etymology :
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Proto-Japanese: *kǝ̀wâ-i
Meaning: voice
Russian meaning: голос
Old Japanese: kowe
Middle Japanese: kòwè, kòwé
Tokyo: kóe
Kyoto: kòê
Kagoshima: koé
Comments: JLTT 453. In compounds - kowa- (e.g. kowa-daka etc.). japet-prnum,japet-meaning,japet-rusmean,japet-ajp,japet-mjp,japet-tok,japet-kyo,japet-kag,japet-comments,
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Nostratic etymology :
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Eurasiatic: *ḳVwV
Meaning: to shout, sound
References: Cf. ND 967 *kawV 'to call, shout' (Drav. + IE *gow 'shout' 1715); ND 1947 *q̇uwi[ʕ]V 'to shout, cry' (Kartv. + Drav. *kū-). nostret-meaning,nostret-prnum,nostret-ier,nostret-alt,nostret-kart,nostret-drav,nostret-reference,
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Indo-European etymology :
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Proto-IE: *kewǝ-
Meaning: to shout
Old Indian: káuti, kavīti, kavate, kuvate, kū̆nāti `to sound, cry', intens. kokūyate
Old Greek: kōkǘō, aor. kōkǘsai̯ `jammern, wehklagen', kōkǖtó-s m. , kṓkǖma `das Jammern, Wehklage'
Russ. meaning: кричать
References: WP I 331 f
piet-meaning,piet-ind,piet-greek,piet-slav,piet-germ,piet-rusmean,piet-refer,
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Vasmer's dictionary :
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Word: кукова́ть,
Near etymology: куку́ю, куку́кать -- то же, укр. ку́кати, кукува́ти, блр. кукова́ць, болг. ку́кам, сербохорв. ку̏кати, словен. kúkati, чеш. kukati, польск. kukać, kukować, в.-луж. kukać, kukować. От межд. ку-ку!
Further etymology: Ср. лит. kaũkti, лтш. kaũkât, -ãju, итер.; káukt "выть", др.-инд. kṓсаti "издает громкий звук", kōkilás "кукушка"; см. Фик 1, 21; Бернекер 1, 639 и сл.; М.--Э. 2, 173 и сл. Подробнее см. кукавица, куку́шка. Диал. куккова́ть -- то же, 3 л. ед. ч. ку́ккует. Ввиду наличия долгого кк и начального ударения заимств. из олонецк. kukku-, фин. kukkuа -- то же; см. Калима 137.
Pages: 2,406
vasmer-general,vasmer-origin,vasmer-pages,
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Germanic etymology :
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Proto-Germanic: *xūwilōn- vb.
Meaning: howl
Danish: hyle
Middle English: hūlen `howl'
English: howl
Middle Dutch: hūlen, ūlen, huylen `huilen, luid schreien'
Dutch: huilen
Middle Low German: hūlen `heulen'
Old High German: hūlōn, hūwilōn (11.Jh.) `jubeln'
Middle High German: hiuwelen, hiulen wk. `heulen, schreien'
German: heulen
germet-meaning,germet-prnum,germet-dan,germet-mengl,germet-engl,germet-mdutch,germet-dutch,germet-mlg,germet-ohg,germet-mhg,germet-hg,
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Kartvelian etymology :
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Proto-Kartvelian: *q̇iw-
Russian meaning: петь (о петухе), кричать
English meaning: to cry (of cock), to shout
Georgian: q̇iv-
Megrel: 'i-
Laz: q̇i-, ḳi-
Notes and references: ЭСКЯ 212, EWK 415-416.
kartet-prnum,kartet-rusmean,kartet-meaning,kartet-gru,kartet-meg,kartet-laz,kartet-notes,
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Dravidian etymology :
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Proto-Dravidian : *kav- (*k̂-)
Meaning : 1 to curse 2 scandal
Proto-South Dravidian: *kav- dravet-meaning,dravet-prnum,dravet-sdr,dravet-tel,dravet-koga,dravet-ndr,
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South Dravidian etymology :
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Proto-South Dravidian : *kav-
Meaning : roar, noise; scandal
Tamil : kavvai
Tamil meaning : din, roar; scandal, slander
Tamil derivates : kauvai sound, noise, roar; scandal; kavar (-v-, -nt-) to call, summon
Kannada : kava
Kannada meaning : imit. sound of angry language
Kannada derivates : kavakava anu/māḍu to chide, scold; gavuji, gavuju noise, hubbub; gāvara, gāvaḷi sound, noise, outcry
Tulu : gauji
Tulu meaning : noise, tumult, alarm, agitation
Number in DED : 1341
sdret-meaning,sdret-prnum,sdret-tam,sdret-tammean,sdret-tamder,sdret-kan,sdret-kanmean,sdret-kander,sdret-tul,sdret-tulmean,sdret-dednum,
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Telugu etymology :
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Proto-Telugu : *kav-
Meaning : aloud (of laughter)
Telugu : kavakava
Number in DED : 1341
telet-meaning,telet-prnum,telet-tel_1,telet-dednum,
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Kolami-Gadba etymology :
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Proto-Kolami-Gadba : *kav-ḍ-
Meaning : to curse
Parji : kavḍ- "to curse, abuse"
Additional forms : Also Parji kavḍukud, kavḍa kavḍi abuse
Number in DED : 1341
kogaet-meaning,kogaet-prnum,kogaet-parji,kogaet-addition,kogaet-dednum,
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North Dravidian etymology :
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Proto-North-Dravidian : *kab- (*q-)
Meaning : to roar, shout
Kurukh : kauwār "tumult of angry voices, rowdy shoutings, uproar"
Malto : kawye "to use vile language"
Additional forms : Also MLT qāwe to speak, whisper or sound (as the leaves of a tree); qāwe-naqe to converse; qawse to jingle, warble, sound (as rushing water).
Number in DED : 1341
ndret-meaning,ndret-prnum,ndret-kur,ndret-mlt,ndret-addition,ndret-dednum,
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Long-range etymologies :
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Borean (approx.) : KVWV
Meaning : to cry, shout
Afroasiatic : *ḳVw- (Ar., Berb., Eg.)
Notes : Cf. WVKV
globet-meaning,globet-nostr,globet-afas,globet-scc,globet-notes,globet-reference,
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Sino-Caucasian etymology :
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Proto-Sino-Caucasian: *[q]wĕjV̆́
Meaning: to swear; to be angry
Comments and references : Somewhat different in HGC 34. 5th tone in Ket may reflect *-ʔ- (which would contradict lax type in NC), but may also be a misrecording. [*χ in PY is irregular: *q would be expected] sccet-meaning,sccet-prnum,sccet-cauc,sccet-stib,sccet-yen,sccet-buru,sccet-notes,
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North Caucasian etymology :
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Proto-North Caucasian: *qwĕjV̆
Meaning: oath
Notes: Reconstructed for the PEC level. Correspondences are regular (except for the not quite clear nasalisation in PTs).
caucet-prnum,caucet-meaning,caucet-nakh,caucet-aand,caucet-cez,caucet-lak,caucet-darg,caucet-lezg,caucet-comment,
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Nakh etymology :
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Proto-Nakh: *pħa
Meaning: vendetta
Chechen: pħa
Ingush: pħa
Comments: 5th class in Chech., 6th class in Ing. Obl. base *pħa-ne-, cf. Chech. pħäna-, Ing. pħano.
nakhet-prnum,nakhet-meaning,nakhet-che,nakhet-ing,nakhet-comment,
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Avar-Andian etymology :
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Protoform: *q(ʷ)Vj
Meaning: oath
Avar: ha
Chadakolob: hédi
Comments: Av. paradigm C ~ A (plur. hája-l). The Chad. form is a masdar from the derived verb he-d- (lit. héd-ize, masd. hédi) 'to swear, take oath'.
aandet-prnum,aandet-meaning,aandet-ava,aandet-avc,aandet-comment,
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Tsezian etymology :
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Proto-Tsezian: *χɔ̃ A
Meaning: oath
Tsezi: ħo
Ginukh: ho
Khvarshi: hũ (Leksika)
Inkhokvari: hõ
Bezhta: hã
Gunzib: hɔ̃ / hɔ̃j
Comments: PTsKh *χ̥1̇õ. In PGB we would expect *ʁɔ̃: the Gunz. reflex is normal, but Bezht. should have ʁ-, so a loan in Bezht. from Gunz. or old Gin. (or, perhaps, an influence of Av. ha 'oath') is possible.
cezet-prnum,cezet-meaning,cezet-cez,cezet-gin,cezet-khv,cezet-inh,cezet-bzt,cezet-gnz,cezet-comment,
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Lak etymology :
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Lak root: qʷa
Meaning: oath
Lak form: qa
Comments: Cf. Khosr. qʷa id. The Lak. name for 'wedding' is probably derived from the same root (as 'oath-taking'): cf. Lak. qaṭi, Khosr. qʷaṭi 'wedding' (for the dental suffix cf. perhaps forms like Av. hé-di-ze, hédi, Arch. χʷe-t:a-s, χʷet:i 'oath' - although the glottalisation of -ṭ- in Lak. is a problem).
laket-prnum,laket-meaning,laket-lak,laket-comment,
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Dargwa etymology :
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Proto-Dargwa: *qIʷa
Meaning: oath
Akusha: qaI
Chiragh: qIʷa
Comments: Cf. also Ur., Muir. qʷi, Kait., Tsud. qʷaI, Kub. qʷe.
darget-prnum,darget-meaning,darget-drg,darget-chr,darget-comment,
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Lezghian etymology :
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Proto-Lezghian: *χʷäj(a)
Meaning: 1 oath 2 anger
Tabasaran: χu 1
Agul: χIuj (Bursh.) 1
Archi: χʷe-t:i 1
Udi: χuj 2
Comment: Cf. also Tab. Düb. χuj, Ag. Fit. χIuj, Burk. χi. Pharyngealization in Ag. dialects is secondary (before an original front vowel). The Arch. form is actually a back-building from the derived verb χʷe-t:a- 'to swear, take oath'.
lezget-prnum,lezget-meaning,lezget-tab,lezget-agu,lezget-arc,lezget-udi,lezget-comment,
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Sino-Tibetan etymology :
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Proto-Sino-Tibetan: *Gɨ̄w
Meaning: announce, claim
Tibetan: sko (p. (b)skos, f. bsko, i. skos) to appoint, nominate.
Burmese: khaw to call, summon, LB *khaw(x).
Kachin: kho3 to preach.
Lushai: hauʔ to bespeak, lay claim to.
stibet-prnum,stibet-meaning,stibet-chin,stibet-tib,stibet-burm,stibet-kach,stibet-lush,
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Chinese characters :
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Character: 皋
Modern (Beijing) reading: gāo
Preclassic Old Chinese: kū
Classic Old Chinese: kū
Western Han Chinese: kǝ̄w
Eastern Han Chinese: kǝ̄w
Early Postclassic Chinese: kǝ̄w
Middle Postclassic Chinese: kāw
Late Postclassic Chinese: kāw
Middle Chinese: kâw
English meaning : marsh, swamp
Russian meaning[s]: 1) низина, луговина; 2) берег; излучина реки; 3) 5-й лунный месяц
Comments: Also used for homonymous *kū 'be high' (a variant of 高 *kāw ?) and *kū 'be lazy'. During Late Zhou used also for *kū 'shore' and *g(h)ū (MC ɣâw, FQ JY 乎刀, Pek. háo) 'to announce, cry out' ( = 嗥). The meaning 'marsh', although attested already in Shijing, is absent from Schüssler's dictionary.
Radical: 132
Four-angle index: 2322
Karlgren code: 1040 a-b
Go-on: kau
Kan-on: kau
Japanese reading: kō;sawa;kishi;takai;satsuki
bigchina-reading,bigchina-ochn,bigchina-cchn,bigchina-wchn,bigchina-echn,bigchina-epchn,bigchina-mpchn,bigchina-lpchn,bigchina-mchn,bigchina-meaning,bigchina-oshanin,bigchina-comment,bigchina-stibet,bigchina-radical,bigchina-oshval,bigchina-karlgren,bigchina-go,bigchina-kanon,bigchina-jap,
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Yenisseian etymology :
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Proto-Yenisseian: *χVj-
Meaning: to be angry
Ket: qʌ́j-beś (Werner 2, 142)
Yug: xʌjbɛt́5
Kottish: haipičáŋ "angry"
Comments: ССЕ 307. Werner 2, 142 (without reconstruction).
yenet-prnum,yenet-meaning,yenet-ket,yenet-sym,yenet-kot,yenet-notes,
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Burushaski etymology :
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Common Burushaski: *qhái
Meaning: revenge
Hunza: qhái
Nagar: qhái
buruet-prnum,buruet-meaning,buruet-hun,buruet-ngr,
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