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Mongolian etymology :
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Proto-Mongolian: *čar
Meaning: 1 snow crust 2 to freeze
Russian meaning: 1 наст, снежная корка 2 замерзать, затвердевать
Written Mongolian: čar 1, čarča- 2 (L 165) Khalkha: car 1, carca- 2
Buriat: sarsa- 2, sarja 'tramped snow'
Kalmuck: car 1
Ordos: ǯarča- 2
Comments: KW 422. Mong. > Oyr. čarča- 'to freeze'. monget-prnum,monget-meaning,monget-rusmean,monget-wmo,monget-hal,monget-bur,monget-kal,monget-ord,monget-reference,
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Altaic etymology :
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Proto-Altaic: *č`era ( ~ -o)
Meaning: snow, to freeze
Russian meaning: снег, замерзать
Comments: KW 422. A Turk.-Mong. isogloss. altet-meaning,altet-rusmean,altet-turc,altet-mong,altet-reference,
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Turkic etymology :
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Proto-Turkic: *čar-
Meaning: 1 snow dust 2 fog
Russian meaning: 1 пороша 2 туман
Karakhanid: (MKypch.) čas 2
Turkish: (dial.) čars 2
Tatar: čas 2 (dial.)
Oyrat: dial. (Leb.) šarša 1
Bashkir: sar 'animal trace on snow'
Balkar: čars 2
Kumyk: čars 2
Comments: Лексика 29, 35. The derivative *čar-s is somewhat peculiar morphologically and could be a loanword - from the (unattested) Mong. *čar-su(n) (?). {Oyr. čarɨm was removed from this etymology, but probably unjustly: the Komi source ćare̮m 'snow crust', as well as ćars id. are much better explained as borrowed from Turkic than vice versa. The form is traced back to Ur. *śarV in UEW 464, but the consonantism is quite irregular; other parallels proposed by Helimsky are Saam. čarava - with irregular vocalism - and Selk. č́ɔ̄rpɨ, closely resembling Tofalar čarpɨŋ. A complicated case, but explanation of the existing scattered Uralic forms from Turkic is at least not preferable to vice versa.} turcet-prnum,turcet-meaning,turcet-rusmean,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-alt,turcet-bas,turcet-blkx,turcet-qum,turcet-reference,
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