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Mongolian etymology :
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Proto-Mongolian: *ni-sa-
Meaning: to crumble (e. g. lice), to crush with the finger-nails
Russian meaning: щелкать пальцами, придавить ногтями
Written Mongolian: nise-le- (L 586: nisal-, nisla-, nisel-, nisači-) Khalkha: ńasla-, ńasči-
Buriat: ńaha 'finger flip', ńahal-
Kalmuck: nisǝl-
Ordos: nisal- 'to kill by pressing between fingernails'
Monguor: nesǝlǝ-
monget-prnum,monget-meaning,monget-rusmean,monget-wmo,monget-hal,monget-bur,monget-kal,monget-ord,monget-mgr,monget-reference,
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Altaic etymology :
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Proto-Altaic: *neji
Meaning: louse, nit
Russian meaning: вошь, гнида
Comments: SKE 165, EAS 76, АПиПЯЯ 296. The Mong. form presupposes an earlier *ni-(su) 'louse'. altet-prnum,altet-meaning,altet-rusmean,altet-mong,altet-tung,altet-kor,altet-reference,
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Tungus etymology :
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Proto-Tungus-Manchu: *nej(l)V-
Meaning: small louse, nit
Russian meaning: мелкая вошь, гнида
Evenki: nej-ke
Ulcha: ńile-kte
Orok: neli-ɣe
Nanai: ńile-ke
tunget-prnum,tunget-meaning,tunget-rusmean,tunget-evk,tunget-ulc,tunget-ork,tunget-nan,tunget-reference,
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Korean etymology :
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Proto-Korean: *ní
Meaning: louse
Russian meaning: вошь
Modern Korean: i
Middle Korean: ní
koret-prnum,koret-meaning,koret-rusmean,koret-phn,koret-ako,koret-reference,
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Nostratic etymology :
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Eurasiatic: *ñejV
Meaning: nit
References: МССНЯ 336; ND 1632 *ńäyu(-ŋV) 'larvas, worms, nit(s)' (+ sparse WChad.). nostret-meaning,nostret-prnum,nostret-alt,nostret-ura,nostret-drav,nostret-esk,nostret-reference,
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Uralic etymology :
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Number: 638
Proto: *ńiŋV (*ńiwŋe)
English meaning: maggot, worm
German meaning: Made, Wurm
Saam (Lapp): njiwnjâ -w'dnjâg- (N) 'the kind of small white or greyish insects which are found e.g. in books, and the kind which come on thick sour milk', njiw'dnjâ -wnj- 'nits, egg of lice'; njim'nja (L) 'junge Laus, die eben ausgekrochen ist'
Khanty (Ostyak): niŋk (V O), ńiŋk (DN) 'Wurm, Made'
Mansi (Vogul): ńiχo, ńiχ (KU), ńikūj (VN), ńiŋoko (So.) 'Made'
Hungarian: nyű (acc. nyüvet) 'Made; dial. Wurm, Laus'
Selkup: njénje (Ta.), njeiju (Ke.) 'Angelwurm, Köder', ńēń 'мато; червь'
Kamass: nejme
uralet-proto,uralet-prnum,uralet-meaning,uralet-germmean,uralet-saa,uralet-khn,uralet-man,uralet-ugr,uralet-slk,uralet-kam,
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Dravidian etymology :
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Proto-Dravidian : *nāŋūẓ-
Meaning : earthworm
dravet-meaning,dravet-prnum,dravet-sdr,
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South Dravidian etymology :
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Proto-South Dravidian : *nāŋūẓ-
Meaning : earthworm
Tamil : nāŋkuẓu, nāŋkūẓ
Tamil meaning : earthworm
Tamil derivates : nākku-ppūci earthworm, roundworm, tapeworm
Malayalam : ñāŋŋūl, ñāññūḷ, nāññūl, nākku pāmpu
Malayalam meaning : earthworm
Kannada : nakkɨlɨ-huḷa (Bark.), nǝñjuli (Hav.)
Kannada meaning : earthworm
Tulu : nakkuru, (D. N. S. Bhat, p. 13) ñakkuḷu
Tulu meaning : earthworm
Miscellaneous : KOR (M) nakuḷu earthworm
Number in DED : 2906
sdret-meaning,sdret-prnum,sdret-tam,sdret-tammean,sdret-tamder,sdret-mal,sdret-malmean,sdret-kan,sdret-kanmean,sdret-tul,sdret-tulmean,sdret-misc,sdret-dednum,
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Eskimo etymology :
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Proto-Eskimo: *Nǝʁǝrtǝ
Meaning: louse, parasite
Russian meaning: вошь, паразит
esqet-prnum,esqet-meaning,esqet-rmean,esqet-yup,
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Yupik etymology :
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Proto-Yupik: *Nǝʁǝrtǝ
Meaning: louse 1, parasite 2
Russian Meaning: вошь 1, паразит 2
Chaplino: nǝʁísta (ǝt) 2
Alutiiq Alaskan Yupik: nǝʁǝsta, naʔasta, nasta 1
Chugach (Birket-Smith): nǝʁi̮sta 1
Central Alaskan Yupik: nǝʁǝsta 1
Comparative Eskimo Dictionary: 230
yupet-prnum,yupet-mean,yupet-rmean,yupet-chap,yupet-aay,yupet-chgm,yupet-cay,yupet-ced,
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Long-range etymologies :
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Borean (approx.) : NVJV
Meaning : louse, nit
Afroasiatic : ? WChad. *nVŋV / *nVʷV mosquito
Reference : (For NC cf. alternatively PST *m(r)ɨ̆ 140 `taste', Bur. Yas. njam, Hun., Nag. ujám `sweet'; PAA *ʔVm 'bitter, sweet', Yao im 'bitter', Tai ʔǝ:m 'sweet' - cf. also PFU *jimä(-lä) 'sweet'; PSH *ʔVm(Vm)- 'spice; honey'; Amer. *mumu / *mumi 'bee, fly' [+ A]; Amer.-SH, with wrong Nostr., see GE 94 *mus). globet-meaning,globet-nostr,globet-afas,globet-scc,globet-reference,
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Sino-Caucasian etymology :
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Proto-Sino-Caucasian: *HVŋHwV
Meaning: bee
Comments and references : For NC cf. alternatively PST *m(r)ɨ̆ 140 `taste', Bur. Yas. njam, Hun., Nag. ujám `sweet'; PAA *ʔVm 'bitter, sweet', Yao im 'bitter', Tai ʔǝ:m 'sweet'.
sccet-meaning,sccet-prnum,sccet-cauc,sccet-stib,sccet-notes,
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North Caucasian etymology :
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Proto-North Caucasian: *HnēHwV̄
Meaning: bee; (honey) > sweet
Notes: Reconstructed for the PEC level. It is hard to establish whether the original meaning was 'bee' (preserved only in Lak.) or 'sweet' (and 'bee' in Lak. metaphorically as 'sweet-maker'). One of the rare cases of the root structure *HRVHV. In PL (Tab.) m- is the result of secondary labialisation (*neHwV- > *meHwV-).
caucet-prnum,caucet-meaning,caucet-aand,caucet-cez,caucet-lak,caucet-lezg,caucet-comment,
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Avar-Andian etymology :
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Protoform: *HuʔVn-
Meaning: sweet, tasty
Avar: huʔína-b
Comments: Av. > Gin. huʔinaw 'sweet'.
aandet-prnum,aandet-meaning,aandet-ava,aandet-comment,
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Tsezian etymology :
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Proto-Tsezian: *nɨja- B
Meaning: sweet
Tsezi: nija-w
Khvarshi: ninu (Radzhibov)
Bezhta: nija-ro (Khosh.)
Gunzib: nija-ru (Gunz.)
Comments: PTsKh *n[ǝ]j- (with differnt suffixes); PGB *nija-ru (cf. also Bezht. Tlad. nijä-rö).
cezet-prnum,cezet-meaning,cezet-cez,cezet-khv,cezet-bzt,cezet-gnz,cezet-comment,
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Lak etymology :
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Lak root: naj
Meaning: bee
Lak form: naj
Comments: Cf. Khosr. naj id. An old derivate is Lak. naħu- 'tasty' ( < 'sweet'). Lak. naj > Av. naj / na 'bee'.
laket-prnum,laket-meaning,laket-lak,laket-comment,
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Lezghian etymology :
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Proto-Lezghian: *meʔ(ʷ)V-lV- (~ -ʡ-)
Meaning: sweet
Tabasaran: meʔli
Comment: Cf. also Düb. maIlli id. Attested only in Tab., but having probable external parallels.
lezget-prnum,lezget-meaning,lezget-tab,lezget-comment,
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Sino-Tibetan etymology :
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Proto-Sino-Tibetan: *jǝ̆ŋ
Meaning: fly, bee
Tibetan: (W) bu-jaŋ bumble-bee.
Burmese: jaŋ common house fly.
Comments: BG: Garo dźaŋ; Kanauri yāŋ fly, bee. Sh. 42; Ben. 1667. Cf. PAN *buyuŋ 'bumblebee'.
stibet-prnum,stibet-meaning,stibet-chin,stibet-tib,stibet-burm,stibet-kir,stibet-comments,
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Chinese characters :
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Character: 蠅
Modern (Beijing) reading: yíng
Preclassic Old Chinese: lǝŋ
Classic Old Chinese: lǝŋ
Western Han Chinese: lǝŋ
Eastern Han Chinese: źǝŋ
Early Postclassic Chinese: źɨŋ
Middle Postclassic Chinese: jɨŋ
Late Postclassic Chinese: jɨŋ
Middle Chinese: jiŋ
English meaning : a fly
Russian meaning[s]: муха
Comments: Viet. lằng 'bluebottle' is archaic, reflecting a form like WH *lǝŋ. A later loan from the same source is probably Viet. nhặng 'bluebottle' (nh- reflecting MC j- with assimilatory nasalisation); regular Sino-Viet. is dăng.
Radical: 142
Four-angle index: 7177
Karlgren code: 0892 a
Vietnamese reading: lằng
Jianchuan Bai: sɨ̃7
Dali Bai: zɨ7
Bijiang Bai: -ńe7-
bigchina-reading,bigchina-ochn,bigchina-cchn,bigchina-wchn,bigchina-echn,bigchina-epchn,bigchina-mpchn,bigchina-lpchn,bigchina-mchn,bigchina-meaning,bigchina-oshanin,bigchina-comment,bigchina-stibet,bigchina-doc,bigchina-radical,bigchina-oshval,bigchina-karlgren,bigchina-viet,bigchina-jianchuan,bigchina-dali,bigchina-bijiang,
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Chinese Dialects :
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Number: 2437
Character: 蠅
MC description : 曾開三平蒸以
ZIHUI: 5859 2606
Beijing: iŋ 12
Jinan: iŋ 12
Xi'an: iŋ 12
Taiyuan: iŋ 1
Hankou: in 2
Chengdu: in 11
Yangzhou: ĩ 11
Suzhou: in 11
Wenzhou: iaŋ 11
Changsha: in 11
Shuangfeng: ɣin 12
Nanchang: in 31
Meixian: jin 12
Guangzhou: jîŋ 12
Xiamen: sîŋ 12 (lit.); sin 12
Chaozhou: siŋ 12
Fuzhou: siŋ 12
Shanghai: iiŋ 1
Zhongyuan yinyun: iǝŋ 12
doc-charref,doc-character,doc-mcinfo,doc-zihui,doc-beijing,doc-jinan,doc-xian,doc-taiyuan,doc-hankou,doc-chengdu,doc-yangzhou,doc-suzhou,doc-wenzhou,doc-changsha,doc-shuangfeng,doc-nanchang,doc-meixian,doc-guangzhou,doc-xiamen,doc-chaozhou,doc-fuzhou,doc-shanghai,doc-zhongyuan,
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Kiranti etymology :
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Proto-Kiranti: *jaŋ (?/*jak)
Meaning: fly (n.) (in compounds)
Tulung: sömu
Kaling: sɔjɔme
Limbu: joŋnābā
Comments: Toba 90 *caymV.
kiret-prnum,kiret-meaning,kiret-tul,kiret-kal,kiret-lim,kiret-kul,kiret-notes,
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Kulung dictionary :
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Entry: cǝiǝmma
Grammar: n.
Meaning: fly
Nepali: jhiṃgā.
kulet-prnum,kulet-pspeech,kulet-meaning,kulet-nepali,
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