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Mongolian etymology :
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Proto-Mongolian: *kadagala-
Meaning: to preserve, keep in confinement
Russian meaning: хранить, сохранять, держать в заключении
Written Mongolian: qadaɣala- (L 902) Khalkha: xadgala-
Buriat: xadagal-
Kalmuck: xadǝɣl-
Ordos: xadaGala-
Dagur: xadaglā-
Shary-Yoghur: GadaGla-
monget-prnum,monget-meaning,monget-rusmean,monget-wmo,monget-hal,monget-bur,monget-kal,monget-ord,monget-dag,monget-yuy,monget-reference,
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Altaic etymology :
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Proto-Altaic: *k`ĕ̀ta
Meaning: to overcome, contend
Russian meaning: преодолевать, состязаться
altet-prnum,altet-meaning,altet-rusmean,altet-turc,altet-mong,altet-tung,altet-jap,altet-reference,
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Turkic etymology :
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Proto-Turkic: *Katar-
Meaning: 1 to turn (a horse) back, preventing it from going; to turn (the enemy) back 2 to drive, pursue 3 to pasture 4 to keep watch 5 to wait
Russian meaning: 1 поворачивать (лошадь) вспять; обращать врага в бегство 2 гнать, преследовать 3 пасти 4 наблюдать 5 ждать
Karakhanid: qatar- (MK) 1 Turkish: katarla-, katala- (dial.) 2
Khakassian: xadar- 3,4,5
Shor: qadar- 3,4,5
Oyrat: qadar- 3,4,5
Tuva: qadar- 3,4,5
turcet-prnum,turcet-meaning,turcet-rusmean,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,turcet-tuv,turcet-reference,
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Tungus etymology :
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Proto-Tungus-Manchu: *xete-
Meaning: 1 to overcome, win 2 to be stubborn, contend 3 to fulfil, accomplish
Russian meaning: 1 преодолевать, побеждать 2 быть упрямым, состязаться 3 выполнять, совершать
Evenki: ete- 3
Even: et- 1
Negidal: etiče- 2, ete- 3
Spoken Manchu: etǝ- 'to win' (803)
Literary Manchu: ete- 1
Jurchen: hete-xe (794) 1
Ulcha: xete- 1
Orok: xete- 1
Nanai: xete- 1
Oroch: ete- 1
Udighe: ete- 1
Solon: ete- 1, 3
tunget-prnum,tunget-meaning,tunget-rusmean,tunget-evk,tunget-evn,tunget-neg,tunget-sib,tunget-man,tunget-chu,tunget-ulc,tunget-ork,tunget-nan,tunget-orc,tunget-ude,tunget-sol,tunget-reference,
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Japanese etymology :
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Proto-Japanese: *kàt-
Meaning: to win, overcome
Russian meaning: побеждать
Old Japanese: kat-
Middle Japanese: kàt-
Tokyo: kát-
Kyoto: kàt-
Kagoshima: kàt-
japet-prnum,japet-meaning,japet-rusmean,japet-ajp,japet-mjp,japet-tok,japet-kyo,japet-kag,japet-comments,
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Nostratic etymology :
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Eurasiatic: *ḳVtV
Meaning: to overcome
Comments: Cf. *kVdV.
nostret-meaning,nostret-ier,nostret-alt,nostret-notes,
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Indo-European etymology :
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Proto-IE: *k'ad-
Meaning: to be distinguished
Old Indian: pf. śāśadúḥ, ptc. śāśadāna- `to distinguish oneself, be eminent or superior'
Old Greek: ep., poet. pf. kékasmai̯, plqpf. (e)kekásto, ptc. kekasméno-, kekadméno- (Pind.)`sich auszeichnen, übertreffen, sich rüsten'; kádmos = dórü, lóphos, aspís (Cret.) Hsch.
Russ. meaning: выделяться качествами
piet-prnum,piet-meaning,piet-ind,piet-greek,piet-rusmean,piet-refer,
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Pokorny's dictionary :
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Number: 805
Root: k̂ad-2
English meaning: to shine, to flaunt
German meaning: `glänzen, prangen, sich auszeichnen'
Material: Ai. Perf. śāśadúḥ, Partiz. śāśadāna- `sich auszeichnen, hervorragen'; gr. Perf. κέκασμαι, Plusqpf. ἐκεκάσμην, Partiz. κεκασμένος (Hom. Aisch.) `sich auszeichnen', κεκαδμένος (Pind.) `prangend', Κάστωρ eigentlich `der Glänzende' (?), Καστι-άνειρα `unter Männern ausgezeichnet', usw.; dazu κάστωρ m. `Biber' mit Übertragung des GN wegen der Heilwirkung des Bibergeils: καστόριον (> ai. kastūrī f. `Moschus'); Präs. καίνυμαι scheint Neubildung nach δαίνυμαι;
vielleicht mir. cā(i)d `heilig', wozu gall. caddos `sanctus' C. Gl. L. V 493, 30;
abrit. Belatu-cadrus Beiname des `Kriegsgottes'?? Umbildung eines *katros `tapfer' (vgl. kat- `kämpfen') zu kadros wäre freilich nicht ganz ausgeschlossen.
References: WP. I 340.
Pages: 516-517
pokorny-root,pokorny-meaning,pokorny-ger_mean,pokorny-material,pokorny-ref,pokorny-pages,pokorny-piet,
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