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Mongolian etymology :
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Proto-Mongolian: *karaɣu, *karbaɣur
Meaning: 1 darnel grass, smut 2 privet, a k. of shrub or weed (волоснец даурский, Elymus)
Russian meaning: 1 плевел, головня 2 вид кустарника или сорного растения (волоснец даурский, Elymus)
Written Mongolian: qaraw, (L 933) qaraɣu 1, qarbaɣur 2 Khalkha: xarū 1, xarvor 2
Buriat: xarbūl, xarbūr 2
monget-prnum,monget-meaning,monget-rusmean,monget-wmo,monget-hal,monget-bur,
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Altaic etymology :
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Proto-Altaic: *kàrò(mV) ( ~ k`-)
Meaning: a k. of weed, cockle
Russian meaning: вид сорного растения, куколь
Comments: Lee 1958, 112 (Tung.-Kor.). Turkic has *KAra- (not *Kora-), obviously influenced by *Kara- 'black'. Cf. similar weed names: Turk. *Küreŋ 'sedge' (ЭСТЯ 5, 147-148), Mong. küresün, kürmenli, kürümeli id. altet-prnum,altet-meaning,altet-rusmean,altet-turc,altet-mong,altet-tung,altet-kor,altet-jap,altet-reference,
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Turkic etymology :
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Proto-Turkic: *KAramuk
Meaning: cockle
Russian meaning: куколь
Turkish: dial. karamuk
Tatar: qaramɨq (Sib.)
Uzbek: qɔrɛmuɣ
Uighur: qarimuq
Kirghiz: qaramɨq
Kazakh: qaramɨq
Karakalpak: qaramɨq
Kumyk: qaramčɨq
Comments: ЭСТЯ 5, 296-297. turcet-prnum,turcet-meaning,turcet-rusmean,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,turcet-klpx,turcet-qum,turcet-reference,
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Tungus etymology :
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Proto-Tungus-Manchu: *kara ( ~ *x-)
Meaning: a k. of weed
Russian meaning: негодная трава, плевел
Literary Manchu: χara
tunget-prnum,tunget-meaning,tunget-rusmean,tunget-man,tunget-reference,
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Korean etymology :
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Proto-Korean: *kắràč
Meaning: Setaria viridis; Lolium temulentum
Russian meaning: Setaria viridis; Lolium temulentum
Modern Korean: karaǯi
Middle Korean: kắràs
koret-prnum,koret-meaning,koret-rusmean,koret-phn,koret-ako,koret-reference,
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Japanese etymology :
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Proto-Japanese: *kàràmùsì
Meaning: Boehmeria frutescens, a k. of hemp
Russian meaning: вид конопли, Boehmeria frutescens
Middle Japanese: kàràmùsì
Tokyo: karamushi
Comments: JLTT 439. Analysed within Jpn. as kara 'China' + musi 'ramie', which may be a folk etymology. japet-prnum,japet-meaning,japet-rusmean,japet-mjp,japet-tok,japet-comments,
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Nostratic etymology :
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Eurasiatic: *kVrVmV
Meaning: a k. of weed
References: Suggested by V. Glumov.
nostret-meaning,nostret-alt,nostret-kart,nostret-reference,
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Kartvelian etymology :
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Proto-Kartvelian: *kwrim-
Russian meaning: вид проса
English meaning: a k. of millet
Georgian: kvrim-a
Laz: kurum-
Notes and references: EWK 378.
kartet-rusmean,kartet-meaning,kartet-gru,kartet-laz,kartet-notes,
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