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Mongolian etymology :
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Proto-Mongolian: *belčir
Meaning: cross-road; joint of two rivers
Russian meaning: перекресток; соединение двух рек
Written Mongolian: belčir (L 97) Middle Mongolian: belčir (SH) Khalkha: belčir
Buriat: belšer
Kalmuck: belčṛ
monget-prnum,monget-meaning,monget-rusmean,monget-wmo,monget-mmo,monget-hal,monget-bur,monget-kal,monget-reference,
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Altaic etymology :
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Proto-Altaic: *pā̀li
Meaning: to be separated, divided
Russian meaning: быть отделенным, разделенным
altet-prnum,altet-meaning,altet-rusmean,altet-turc,altet-mong,altet-tung,altet-kor,altet-jap,altet-reference,
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Turkic etymology :
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Proto-Turkic: *bẹldir
Meaning: cross-roads, separation of two roads or rivers
Russian meaning: перекресток, развилка двух дорог или рек
Old Turkic: beltir (OUygh.)
Tatar: pilter 'вода, скапливающаяся около болота' (КСТТ) Khakassian: piltǝr
Shor: peltir
Oyrat: beltir
Yakut: bilir
Tuva: beldir
turcet-prnum,turcet-meaning,turcet-rusmean,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-tat,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,turcet-jak,turcet-tuv,turcet-reference,
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Tungus etymology :
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Proto-Tungus-Manchu: *pālan
Meaning: bifurcation, fork
Russian meaning: развилина
Evenki: hālān
Negidal: xalan
Ulcha: xala(n)
Nanai: pālã
Oroch: xāla(n)
Udighe: xala(n)
tunget-prnum,tunget-meaning,tunget-rusmean,tunget-evk,tunget-neg,tunget-ulc,tunget-nan,tunget-orc,tunget-ude,tunget-reference,
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Korean etymology :
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Proto-Korean: *pǝ̄r-
Meaning: to be opened, separated
Russian meaning: быть широко открытым, разделенным
Modern Korean: pǝ̄l-, pǝ̄lli-, palɨ- (trans.)
Middle Korean: pǝ̄r-
Comments: Nam 256, KED 706, 765, 766. koret-prnum,koret-meaning,koret-rusmean,koret-phn,koret-ako,koret-reference,
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Japanese etymology :
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Proto-Japanese: *pìràk-
Meaning: to open
Russian meaning: открывать
Old Japanese: pjirak-
Middle Japanese: fìràk-
Tokyo: hirák-
Kyoto: hírák-
Kagoshima: hìràk-
japet-prnum,japet-meaning,japet-rusmean,japet-ajp,japet-mjp,japet-tok,japet-kyo,japet-kag,japet-comments,
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Nostratic etymology :
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Eurasiatic: *palV
Meaning: half, part
Kartvelian: Megr. palo, Laz palu 'one, simple, only'; Georg. peliḳ- 'Hälfte eines halbierten Schweins'
Comments: МССНЯ 360 has also *ṗiĺV 'split' ( = ND 1711 *[ṗ]eL(i)yA 'split, separate') - with the same IE + PU *piĺV (Coll. 49) and PD *piḷ-; probably two roots.
References: МССНЯ 356. ND 1688 *ṗäl̄[A] 'time (mal, fois), once, one' (+ Chad. 'one'), 1703 *P_äḷqA 'half, part' (+ Sem. 'split in 2 parts'); 1717 *P_ä[ḷ]VḳV 'to split lengthwise, divide' (Georg. and other suffixed forms; + Sem.). Cf. *ṗUĺV. nostret-meaning,nostret-prnum,nostret-ier,nostret-alt,nostret-ura,nostret-kart,nostret-drav,nostret-notes,nostret-reference,
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Indo-European etymology :
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Proto-IE: *(s)pala- / -e- (ph-)
Meaning: to split in two; half, a half of the log, board
Old Indian: phalati `to burst, cleave open or asunder'; phalaka- n. `board, lath, plank, leaf, bench'; phāla- m. `ploughshare'; sphaṭati (D.) `to burst, expand', ptc. sphaṭita-; sphuṭati, sphoṭati (D.) `to burst, split open'; sphuṭa- `open, opened, blossomed, expanded'; paṭati (D.) `to split open, burst asunder'
Old Greek: spalǘssomai = sparássomai Hsch. 'to tear, to rend'; sphalássein = témnein, kenteîn Hsch.; spólia = tà paratillómena erídia apò tō̂n skelō̂n tō̂n probátōn Hsch.
Celtic: *slissi- > OIr sliss `Schnitzel, Splitter, Span', slissiu `Schnitzel, Latte'
Albanian: {palë 'side, partition'}
Russ. meaning: расколоться надвое; половина, половина бревна (доска)
References: WP II 677 f, 684
piet-prnum,piet-meaning,piet-ind,piet-greek,piet-slav,piet-balt,piet-germ,piet-celt,piet-alb,piet-rusmean,piet-refer,
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Vasmer's dictionary :
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Word: пол
Near etymology: II, род. п. -а, напр. же́нский п., также "половина", др.-русск. полъ, ст.-слав. полъ (Остром., Супр.), болг. пол, сербохорв. по̑ "пол-, половина", словен. ро̑l "сторона, половина", чеш. půl, слвц. роl, польск. pól, в.-луж. роɫ, н.-луж. рóɫ.
Further etymology: Вероятно, родствеуно алб. раlё "сторона, партия, раздел, отделение" из *роlnā; см. Иокль, Stud. 67. Относительно знач. ср. Брандт (РФВ 23, 302), который пытается связать с пол I. Ср. пола́, по́лоть.
Pages: 3,306
vasmer-general,vasmer-origin,vasmer-pages,
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Baltic etymology :
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Proto-Baltic: *pel̂- vb. tr.
Meaning: stare (eyes)
Lithuanian: pélti (pẽlia, pḗlē) '(die Augen) weit aufsperren'
baltet-meaning,baltet-prnum,baltet-lith,
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Germanic etymology :
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Proto-Germanic: *spilɵan- vb.; *spilda-n; *spildō; *spilɵa-n; *filō; *spalu-z; *spelɵian- vb., *spaltan- vb.; *splītan-, *splitjan-, *spliti-z; *splitr=; *flīsō
Meaning: split in two
Gothic: spilda f. (ō) `tablet, writing-tablet'
Old Norse: spjald, speld n. `Holzscheibe, Brett'; fjɔl `Brett, Diele'; spɔl-r `Speiler, Stange'; spjall, spell n. `Vernichtnug, Schaden'; flag-spilda f. `Holzscheibe', spilla wk. `vernichten, verderben, töten'; flīs f. `Fliese, Steinplatte'
Norwegian: spjeld `Ofenkklappe; Keil im Hemd'; dial. spjäll; fjöl; dial. spöl; spilla vb.; flis
Swedish: spjäll; fjöl; dial. spalu; spilla vb.; splittra `zersplittern'; flis, flisa
Old Danish: spial `Vernichtung'
Danish: jüt. spjäld `Weberbrettchen'; fjäl; spilde vb.
Old English: spillan `spalten'; speld `Splint; Holzstück'; spildan, spillan `töten'
Middle English: spale `Speiler, dünne flache Stange'
Old Frisian: splīta `spleissen, spalten', intr. `sich spalten'
Old Saxon: spildian `töten'
Middle Dutch: spelte `afgesneden stuk'; spilden, spillen `verschwenden'; spouden `splijten'; splīten; splēte f.; splitten
Dutch: spouwen; splijten; splitten; spleet f.
Middle Low German: spilden, spillen `verschwenden'; spalden, spolden `spalten'; splitteren `zersplittern', vlīse `viereckiges Steinplättchen'
Low German: splīten; splitten `sich spalten'
Old High German: spaltan (9.Jh.), zispaltan (8.Jh.)
Middle High German: spalten red. v. tr. 'spalten, zerbrechen, zerhauen', intr. 'auseinanderbrechen , sich spalten'; { spillen `spalten' }; { spale `Leitersprosse' }; spɛltel st. n. 'kleine spalte'; { spildan `zerstören, verschwenden' }; spëlte, spilte wk. f. 'abgesoaltenes holzstück, bes. lanzensplitter'; splīʒen st. 'spalten, trennen'; { splitter `Splitter' } -- ничего этого нет у Лексера!
German: spalten; spleissen
germet-meaning,germet-prnum,germet-got,germet-onord,germet-norw,germet-swed,germet-odan,germet-dan,germet-oengl,germet-mengl,germet-ofris,germet-osax,germet-mdutch,germet-dutch,germet-mlg,germet-lg,germet-ohg,germet-mhg,germet-hg,
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Uralic etymology :
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Number: 732
Proto: *pälä
English meaning: half; side
German meaning: halb, Hälfte; Seite
Finnish: pieli (gen. pielen) in suu-pieli 'Mundwinkel', poski-pieli 'Kinnbacken', pielos, pielus 'Rand', pieltää 'sich seitwärts neigen'
Saam (Lapp): bælle -ǣl- ~ bællĕ -ǣ̆l- 'side; half (of a thing divided lengthways); one of a pair' (N), piellē ~ pǟllē (L) 'Seite; Hälfte, halb', pieille (T), pieill (Kld. Not.), b́eil (A) 'Hälfte; Seite'
Mordovian: peĺ (E), päĺ (M) 'Seite', peĺe (E), päĺä (M) 'halb, Hälfte'
Mari (Cheremis): pel, wel (KB U) 'Seite', pe.lǝ, pel- (KB), pe.le (U), pele (B) 'halb, Hälfte, der eine von einem Paar'
Udmurt (Votyak): pal (S G) 'Seite, Gegend; halb, Hälfte; eines von zwei zusammengehörenden Dingen'
Komi (Zyrian): pe̮l (S), pe̮v (P), pȯl (PO) 'Seite; eines von einem Paar'
Khanty (Ostyak): peḷǝk (V), pelǝk (DN O), pēl (N) 'Hälfte, Seite'
Mansi (Vogul): pǟl (TJ), pɔ̄̈l (KU), pāl (So.) 'Hälfte; Seite', poål (P) 'id., Gegend'
Hungarian: fél (acc. felet) 'halb, Hälfte; Seite'
Nenets (Yurak): peĺe (O) 'Hälfte, Stück'
Enets (Yen): feðe (Ch.), ferie (B) 'halb, verwandt'
Nganasan (Tawgi): fealea 'halb, Verwandter'
Selkup: paläl (TaU), pilāŋ (KeO) 'halb, Hälfte', päläk (Ty.) 'Hälfte, Seite'
Kamass: pjel, pil, pēl 'halb, Seite'
Janhunen's version: (24) *pexli, *pälä
Sammalahti's version: *pexli, *pälä
Addenda: Koib. пелдой 'половина'; Mot. холя
uralet-proto,uralet-prnum,uralet-meaning,uralet-germmean,uralet-fin,uralet-saa,uralet-mrd,uralet-mar,uralet-udm,uralet-kom,uralet-khn,uralet-man,uralet-ugr,uralet-nen,uralet-enc,uralet-nga,uralet-slk,uralet-kam,uralet-janh,uralet-samm2,uralet-add,
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Dravidian etymology :
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Proto-Dravidian : *pāl-
Meaning : portion
Proto-South Dravidian: *pāl- Proto-North Dravidian : *palk- dravet-meaning,dravet-prnum,dravet-sdr,dravet-tel,dravet-koga,dravet-ndr,
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South Dravidian etymology :
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Proto-South Dravidian : *pāl-
Meaning : part, portion
Tamil : pāl
Tamil meaning : part, portion, share, section, dividing
Tamil derivates : pān_mai portion, share; nature
Malayalam : pāl
Malayalam meaning : part
Kannada : pāl
Kannada meaning : division, part, portion, share
Kodagu : pālɨ māḍ-
Kodagu meaning : to divide, distribute
Tulu : pālụ
Tulu meaning : share, portion, part, division
Number in DED : 4097
sdret-meaning,sdret-prnum,sdret-tam,sdret-tammean,sdret-tamder,sdret-mal,sdret-malmean,sdret-kan,sdret-kanmean,sdret-kod,sdret-kodmean,sdret-tul,sdret-tulmean,sdret-kt,sdret-dednum,
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Nilgiri etymology :
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Proto-Nilgiri : *pāl-
Meaning : portion, share
Kota : pālm (obl. pālt-) "portion, division"
Toda : pōlm (obl. pōlt-) "share; subdivision of patrilineal sib"
Number in DED : 4097
ktet-meaning,ktet-prnum,ktet-kota,ktet-toda,ktet-dednum,
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Telugu etymology :
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Proto-Telugu : *pāl-
Meaning : share, portion, part, division, lot, fraction
Telugu : pālu
Number in DED : 4097
telet-meaning,telet-prnum,telet-tel_1,telet-dednum,
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Kolami-Gadba etymology :
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Proto-Kolami-Gadba : *pāl-
Meaning : portion
Parji : pēla
Number in DED : 4097
kogaet-meaning,kogaet-prnum,kogaet-parji,kogaet-dednum,
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North Dravidian etymology :
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Proto-North-Dravidian : *palk
Meaning : to cut up
Kurukh : palknā "to cut lengthwise, split, crack (the earth, a wall), chap (the hands, etc.)"
Malto : palke "to cut up (as fruit or vegetable)"
Number in DED : 3991
ndret-meaning,ndret-kur,ndret-mlt,ndret-dednum,
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Long-range etymologies :
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Borean (approx.) : PVLV
Meaning : to divide, cut in half
Amerind (misc.) : *pale 'two' (R 790) [+ A K] Reference : ND 1687, 1703; GE 37 *pal (relationship to NC, NS and Omot./Chad. *bar- not quite clear; relationship to HVNLV also not quite clear). globet-meaning,globet-nostr,globet-afas,globet-amer,globet-reference,
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Afroasiatic etymology :
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Proto-Afro-Asiatic: *fa/il-
Meaning: cut, divide
afaset-meaning,afaset-prnum,afaset-sem,afaset-brb,afaset-wch,afaset-cch,afaset-ech,afaset-agw,afaset-sho,afaset-lec,
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Semitic etymology :
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Number: 486
Proto-Semitic: *pVl-
Meaning: 'strike with a sword, behead, wean' 1, 'divide, separate' 2, 'cut, split' 3
Hebrew: ply 2
Judaic Aramaic: ply 2
Arabic: fly, flw 1
Geʕez (Ethiopian): fly 2
Tigre: fäla be split
Amharic: fälläl 3
semet-proto,semet-prnum,semet-meaning,semet-hbr,semet-jud,semet-ara,semet-gzz,semet-tgr,semet-amh,
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Berber etymology :
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Proto-Berber: *fVlVw-
Meaning: 'pierce'
Qabyle (Ayt Mangellat): flu
brbet-prnum,brbet-meaning,brbet-qbl,
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West Chadic etymology :
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Proto-WChadic: *p/fal-
Meaning: 'behead'
Hausa: fállè
wchet-prnum,wchet-meaning,wchet-hsa,
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Central Chadic etymology :
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Proto-CChadic: *fal-
Meaning: 'cut'
Zime-Dari: fàl
cchet-prnum,cchet-meaning,cchet-zim,
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East Chadic etymology :
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Proto-EChadic: *fal-
Meaning: 'cut'
Sokoro: fàl [??]
echet-prnum,echet-meaning,echet-sok,
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Central Cushitic (Agaw) etymology :
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Proto-Agaw: *fal-
Meaning: 'divide'
Bilin: fäl-
Qwara: fäl-
Dembea: fäl-
agwet-prnum,agwet-meaning,agwet-bil,agwet-kwr,agwet-dmb,
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Saho-Afar etymology :
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Proto-Saho-Afar: *fVl-
Meaning: 'separate'
Saho: -ifli-
shoet-prnum,shoet-meaning,shoet-saho,
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Low East Cushitic etymology :
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Proto-Low East Cushitic: *fil-
Meaning: 'separate, comb'
Arbore: fil-
lecet-prnum,lecet-meaning,lecet-arb,
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