Tungus etymology :

Proto-Tungus-Manchu: *sibsV

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: lentils

Russian meaning: чечевица

Literary Manchu: sisa

Ulcha: siusi

Nanai: siusi

Comments: ТМС 2, 98, 100.

Altaic etymology :

Proto-Altaic: *zi̯ăbsa

Nostratic: Nostratic

Meaning: lentil, pea

Russian meaning: чечевица, горох

Turkic: *jasɨ-muk

Mongolian: *sisi

Tungus-Manchu: *sibsV

Japanese: *sasa(n)kai

Comments: In Mong. and Tung. the root may have been confused with a local Wanderwort for 'sorgho', cf. Man. šušu 'holcus sorghum', Nan. sịso id. (cf. also Rozycki 196); Kor. susu id. The direction of borrowings here is difficult to establish, but note that Mong. *sisi violates the rule of dissimilation of fricatives - if it were genuine, we would rather expect *sisi > *isi. A possible scenario, therefore may presuppose a development of the meaning 'sorgho' (from 'lentils', 'peas') in the TM area, whence it penetrated into Mongolian and Korean. The root for 'lentil', 'pea' itself, preserved in Turkic, TM and Japanese, seems, however, common Altaic.

Turkic etymology :

Proto-Turkic: *jasɨ-muk

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: lentil

Russian meaning: чечевица

Old Turkic: jasɨmuq (OUygh.)

Turkish: jasmɨk

Tatar: jasmɨq

Middle Turkic: jasmuq (Pav. C.)

Uzbek: jɔsmiq

Uighur: jesimuq

Turkmen: jasmɨq (dial.)

Kirghiz: ǯasɨmɨq (dial.)

Kazakh: žasɨmɨq (dial.)

Bashkir: jaɵmɨq

Salar: jasmux

Comments: EDT 975, VEWT 191, ЭСТЯ 4, 154, Лексика 464-465.

Mongolian etymology :

Proto-Mongolian: *sisi

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 maize 2 sorgho 3 bean(s)

Russian meaning: 1 кукуруза 2 гаолян, сорго 3 боб(ы)

Written Mongolian: sisi 2 (L 719)

Khalkha: šiš 2

Kalmuck: šiš 1, 3

Comments: KW 361.

Japanese etymology :

Proto-Japanese: *sasa(n)kai

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: Vigna Catiang Endl. var sinensis King.

Russian meaning: вигна, коровий горох

Old Japanese: sasage

Middle Japanese: sasage

Tokyo: sasage

Comments: JLTT 518.

Nostratic etymology :

Eurasiatic: *[ž]awšV

Meaning: edible grain

Indo-European: *sas- 'cereals'

Altaic: *zi̯ăbsa 'lentil, pea'

Uralic: *čoše 'Gerste'

Comments: Expected *š- in Ur.: dissimilation?

Indo-European etymology :

Proto-IE: *sas-

Meaning: cereals

Old Indian: sasyá- `corn, grain, fruit', sasá- `herb, grass, corn'

Avestan: hahya- 'Getreide'

Celtic: Gaul acc. (s)asiam Roggen ("secale Taurini sub Alpibus asiam vocant" Plin. H.N.); Cymr haidd `hordeum', Bret heiz `orge'

Russ. meaning: растение (злаки)

References: WP II 454

Pokorny's dictionary :

Number: 1649

Root: sasi̯o-

English meaning: a k. of cereal

German meaning: `Feldfrucht'

Material: Ai. sasyá- n. `Feldfrucht'; jav. hahya- `Getreide'; gall. Akk. (s)asiam `Roggen' (`secale Taurini sub Alpibus asiam vocant' Plin. H. N.); cymr. haidd `hordeum', bret. heiz `orge'; vgl. auch ved. sasá- `Nahrung, Speise, Kraut, Gras, Saatfeld'.

References: WP. II 454, WH. I 72.

Pages: 880

PIE database: PIE database

Uralic etymology :

Number: 1237

Proto: *čoše

> Nostratic: > Nostratic

English meaning: barley

German meaning: Gerste

Mordovian: čuž, šuž (E M) 'Gerste'

Mari (Cheremis): šož (KB U B)

Udmurt (Votyak): čužjem (SK, (Wichm.: FUF6: 33) G), (Wied.) ćužjem 'Malz'

Komi (Zyrian): ćuž (S), Ud. čuž (ćuž-, ćužj-, čužj-), P čuž, PO ćuž 'Malz'

Sammalahti's version: čoša

K. Redei's notes: Wotj. em ist ein Ableitungssuffix. In den perm. Sprachen fand ein Bedeutungswandel 'Gerste' -> 'Malz' statt. Das von Wichmann (FUF 11:239) hier eingeordnete wog. KU šǟst-, P šäšt-, So. sast-'wachsen, entstehen' paßt weder lautlich noch semantisch zur oben genannten Wortfamilie.

References: Setälä: FUF 2:241; Wichmann: FUF 6:33, 11:239; Beke: CserNyt. 88; Toivonen: MSFOu. 58:233, Vir. 1953:32; Uotila: MSFOu. 65:421; Steinitz, FgrVok. 49; E. Itkonen: FUF 31:164, 195, 286; Lytkin, VokPerm. 212, CSIFU 1:327; ESK.

Total pages generated Pages generated by this script 831282 4118979	Help
StarLing database server Powered by CGI scripts Copyright 1998-2003 by S. Starostin Copyright 1998-2003 by G. Bronnikov Copyright 2005-2014 by Phil Krylov