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Tungus etymology :
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Proto-Tungus-Manchu: *āj-
Meaning: 1 swift 2 to run quickly 3 to step (on sand, snow)
Russian meaning: 1 быстрый 2 быстро бежать 3 ступать (по песку, снегу)
Even: ajịŋ 1
Literary Manchu: aja- 2
Orok: aja-mụnǯị 1
tunget-prnum,tunget-meaning,tunget-rusmean,tunget-evn,tunget-man,tunget-ork,tunget-nan,tunget-reference,
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Altaic etymology :
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Proto-Altaic: *ā̀ja
Meaning: to go, walk
Russian meaning: идти, ходить
altet-prnum,altet-meaning,altet-rusmean,altet-turc,altet-mong,altet-tung,altet-jap,altet-reference,
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Turkic etymology :
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Proto-Turkic: *Aj-
Meaning: 1 to revolve, rotate, go round 2 to tarry 3 to lead, lead round 4 to speed up 5 to drive
Russian meaning: 1 вращаться, вертеться, обходить 2 мешкать 3 кружить, водить 4 ускорять 5 гнать
Turkish: ajla-(n)- 1, ajlak 'шатающийся без дела'
Tatar: ǝjlǝn- 1
Uzbek: ajlan- 1, 2
Uighur: ajlan- 1, 2
Azerbaidzhan: ajlan- (dial.) 1
Turkmen: ajla- 3
Khakassian: ajn-ɨt- 4, ajla-, ǝjlǝ- 1
Shor: ajlan- 1
Oyrat: ajla- 1, ajda- 5
Yakut: ajgɨ-s-ɨn- 'to tarry; to go, visit frequently' (*ajɨg-ɨš-ɨn-)
Kirghiz: ajlan- 1, ajda- 5
Kazakh: ajda- 5, ajnal- 1
Noghai: ajlan- 1
Balkar: ajlan- 1
Gagauz: ajla-, ajlan- 1, (h)ajda- 5
Karaim: ajlan- 1
Karakalpak: ajlan- 1, 2
Kumyk: ajlan- 'to move, visit'
Comments: ЭСТЯ 1, 106-107, 109-110. The forms meaning `rotate, go round, walk in circles' are hardly connected with aj `moon'. turcet-prnum,turcet-meaning,turcet-rusmean,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,turcet-jak,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,turcet-nogx,turcet-blkx,turcet-gagx,turcet-krmx,turcet-klpx,turcet-qum,turcet-reference,
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Mongolian etymology :
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Proto-Mongolian: *aja-
Meaning: journey, travel
Russian meaning: поход, путешествие
Written Mongolian: ajaŋ, ajan (L 23) Middle Mongolian: ajan (SH) Khalkha: ajan
Buriat: ajan
Kalmuck: ajan
Ordos: ajan
Comments: KW 4, MGCD 99. Mong. > Kirgh. ajaŋ etc. (ЭСТЯ 1, 106-107). monget-prnum,monget-meaning,monget-rusmean,monget-wmo,monget-mmo,monget-hal,monget-bur,monget-kal,monget-ord,monget-dag,monget-reference,
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Japanese etymology :
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Proto-Japanese: *àjùm-
Meaning: to walk
Russian meaning: ходить, гулять
Old Japanese: ajum-
Middle Japanese: àjùm-
Tokyo: ayúm-
Kyoto: áyúm-
Kagoshima: àyùm-
japet-prnum,japet-meaning,japet-rusmean,japet-ajp,japet-mjp,japet-tok,japet-kyo,japet-kag,japet-comments,
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Nostratic etymology :
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Eurasiatic: *HVjV
Meaning: go, follow
Comments: Cf. also PIE *i̯ē-, PU *je(ɣV) - a variant or a separate root?; PIE *ai- 'fall upon, seize' (1270)
References: МССНЯ 357; ОСНЯ 1, 243, 265-267; ND 103 *ʔeyo (with wrong Ur. and Alt. parallels); 821 *Haya 'pursue'. nostret-meaning,nostret-prnum,nostret-ier,nostret-alt,nostret-ura,nostret-kart,nostret-drav,nostret-esk,nostret-notes,nostret-reference,
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Indo-European etymology :
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Proto-IE: *ey-
Meaning: to go
Hittite: i- (in Imp.), pa-i- 'gehen' (Tischler 335, Friedrich 154-155)
Tokharian: A, B i- (PT *i-) 'go, travel' (Adams 60)
Old Indian: éti (imp. ihí, 1 pl. imáḥ) `to go, walk'
Avestan: aēiti `gehen'
Other Iranian: OPers aitiy `gehen'
Old Greek: êi̯mi, ímen `werde(n) gehen', inf. iénai̯ `gehen'; pl. íthmata n. `Schritte, Tritte; Füsse'
Latin: eō, iī, itum, īre `gehen'; itus, -ūm m. `Gang'; ped-es, com-es
Other Italic: Osk eítuns (set) `? itūrī sunt'; Paelign eite `īte'; Umbr etu `ītō', etu-tu `euntō', eest, est `ibit', iust `ierit', ier `itum sit', etaians `itent', etatu `itātōte'
Celtic: OIr ethae `itum est', ethaim `gehe'
Russ. meaning: идти
References: WP I 102 f
Comments: See also *it-er/-en- <PIH *i-> 'way' #2719
piet-prnum,piet-meaning,piet-hitt,piet-tokh,piet-ind,piet-avest,piet-iran,piet-greek,piet-slav,piet-balt,piet-germ,piet-lat,piet-ital,piet-celt,piet-rusmean,piet-refer,piet-comment,
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Vasmer's dictionary :
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Word: иду́,
Near etymology: идти́, народн. ити́ть, обойти́ться, разойти́ться (Соболевский, Лекции 258), сюда же: пойти́, войти́, прийти́, вы́йти, сойти́, перейти́, найти́ и т. д., др.-русск. иду́, ити́, укр. iду́, iти́, блр. iцí, iсцí, iду́, ст.-слав. идѫ, ити πορεύεσθαι, ἔρχεσθαι, вънити "войти", сънити "сойти", изити "выйти", болг. ида́ "иду", сербохорв. и̏де̑м, ѝти, словен. ídem, íti, чеш. jdu, jíti, слвц. idem, íst᾽, польск. idę, iść, в.-луж. (j)du, hić, н.-луж. du, hyś, полаб. eit. Праслав. *jьdǫ: iti, откуда русск. идти́, под влиянием иду́; польск. iść -- как wieść: wiode, и т. д. Первонач. -d- было формантом; ср. кладу́, е́ду (см.).
Further etymology: Первоначально атематический и.-е. глаг., ср. лит. eĩti, eimì, лтш. iêt, наст. eimu, iêmu, др.-прусск. ēit "идет", ēisei "ты идешь", сюда же лит. eĩdinti "заставлять идти", eidinė̃ "ход, походка", eidiniñkas "иноходец", išeidins "вышедший", eidỹ межд. "вон, пойдем" (Буга, РФВ 67, 240; Траутман, GGA, 1911, стр. 257; BSW, стр. 67), др.-инд. ḗti "идет", 1 л. мн. ч. imás, 3 л. мн. ч. yanti, авест. aēiti, др.-перс. aitiy, греч. εἶμι, εἶσι, ἴμεν, ἴᾱσι, лат. īrе, еō, it, гот. iddjа "шел", тохар. i- "идти"; см. Траутман, ВSW 67; Бернекер 1, 420 и сл.; М.--Э. 1, 12; 2, 78 и сл.; Бецценбергер--Фик, ВВ 6, 235; Вальде--Гофм. I, 406. Согласно Кречмеру ("Glotta", 13, 137), в основе здесь лежит межд. еi!
Pages: 2,117-118
vasmer-general,vasmer-origin,vasmer-pages,
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Baltic etymology :
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Proto-Baltic: *eĩ- vb.
Meaning: go
Lithuanian: eĩti (OLith 1 sg. eimì, lit. einù, dial. eimù, žem. eitù, 3 sg. eĩt(i), prt. ējaũ, dial. ejaũ)
Lettish: iêt, iẽt (prs. iêmu, eĩmu, eju, prt. gãju) 'gehen'*gō̃d-a- c., *gō̃d-ā̂- vb.; *gā̃d-, gā̃d-ā̂- vb., *gā̃d-a- c.
Old Prussian: ēise usw., inf. ēit `gehen'
baltet-meaning,baltet-prnum,baltet-lith,baltet-lett,baltet-oprus,
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Germanic etymology :
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Proto-Germanic: *i- vb.
Meaning: go
Gothic: prt. iddja `went'
Old English: ēode `went'
germet-meaning,germet-prnum,germet-got,germet-oengl,
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Uralic etymology :
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Number: 4
Proto: *aja-
English meaning: to drive, chase
German meaning: treiben, jagen
Finnish: aja- 'treiben, jagen; fahren'
Estonian: aja- 'fortbewegen, treiben; nachgehen, verfolgen'
Saam (Lapp): vuoggje- -j- 'drive (a horse, reindeer)', drive on, drive over' (N), vuodjē- 'fahren' (L), vī̊jje- (K T), vujje- (Kld), vuajje- (Not.) 'fahren, lenken'
Udmurt (Votyak): uj-, uĺ- (S), u̇j- (K), ujị̑- (G) 'treiben, verfolgen'
Komi (Zyrian): voj- (Skr) 'иметь норов, не слушаясь повода, очень быстро спускаться с горы', vojli̮- (Vm. I) 'бегать, скакать, носиться', vojed- 'бежать, побежать', vojledli̮- 'treiben, jagen'
Mansi (Vogul): wujt- (K), wojt- (KM), vujt- (KO) 'verfolgen, jagen'
Sammalahti's version: *aja
References: FUV; SKES; КЭСКЯ; Donn. VglWb. 798 Anm.; MUSz. 392, 856; Steinitz Vgr.Vok. 39; Munkácsi B. Árja és kaukázusi elemek a finn-magyar nyelvekben 622
uralet-proto,uralet-prnum,uralet-meaning,uralet-germmean,uralet-fin,uralet-est,uralet-saa,uralet-udm,uralet-kom,uralet-man,uralet-samm2,uralet-lit,
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Kartvelian etymology :
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Proto-Kartvelian: *i-
Russian meaning: прийти, достичь
English meaning: to arrive, reach
Svan: ī- / j-
Notes and references: В МССHЯ 357 сопоставляется с ПИЕ *ei-, урал. *je(ɣV) 'приходить'.
kartet-prnum,kartet-rusmean,kartet-meaning,kartet-sva,kartet-notes,
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Dravidian etymology :
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Proto-Dravidian : *ej-
Meaning : to arrive
Proto-South Dravidian: *ej- Proto-Kolami-Gadba : *ej- Notes : Specific reflexation in PN. Maybe *ic- < *ey-d-. The suffix *-d- should also be reconstructed on the PDR level for this item.
dravet-meaning,dravet-prnum,dravet-sdr,dravet-tel,dravet-koga,dravet-gnd,dravet-bra,dravet-notes,
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South Dravidian etymology :
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Proto-South Dravidian : *ej-
Meaning : to arrive
Tamil : eytu (eyti-)
Tamil meaning : to approach, reach, obtain, be suitable
Malayalam : eytuka
Malayalam meaning : to get, obtain
Malayalam derivates : ettuka to stretch as far as, reach, arrive; ettam reach, length; ettal, ettu reaching; ettikka to make to reach
Kannada : aydu, (PBh.) eydu
Kannada meaning : to approach, reach, go to, join, obtain, be suitable
Kannada derivates : ay-tar-, (PBh.) ey-tar- to approach, come, go
Kodagu : ett- (etti-)
Kodagu meaning : to arrive
Tulu : ettāvuni, ettāḍuni
Tulu meaning : to reach, deliver
Tulu derivates : (B-K.) ettụ, ekkụ to reach
Number in DED : 0809
sdret-meaning,sdret-prnum,sdret-tam,sdret-tammean,sdret-mal,sdret-malmean,sdret-malder,sdret-kan,sdret-kanmean,sdret-kander,sdret-kod,sdret-kodmean,sdret-tul,sdret-tulmean,sdret-tulder,sdret-kt,sdret-dednum,
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Nilgiri etymology :
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Proto-Nilgiri : *ic-
Meaning : to reach, be sufficient
Toda : ɨc- (ɨč-)
Additional forms : Also Toda ic- (ič-) id. (said to be < Badaga)
Notes : Probably vice versa: ic- is the regular reflexation.
Number in DED : 809
ktet-meaning,ktet-prnum,ktet-toda,ktet-addition,ktet-notes,ktet-dednum,
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Telugu etymology :
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Proto-Telugu : *ej-
Meaning : to attain, go to, join, obtain; suit, be proper
Telugu (Krishnamurti) : ey(i)du, ēdu
Additional forms : Also ētencu to come, arrive, go; (K) egudu to be obtained
Number in DED : 809
telet-meaning,telet-prnum,telet-tel_kr,telet-addition,telet-dednum,
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Kolami-Gadba etymology :
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Proto-Kolami-Gadba : *ej-
Meaning : to arrive
Kolami : end- (ent-)
Parji : ēd-, (S) ēy-
Poya Gadba : ed-
Additional forms : Also Parji epip- (epit-), (S) eypip- (eypit-) to reach
Notes : As in most CDR languages, the word is used mostly with derivative suffixes (thus, -d- assuredly goes back to PDR). The original variant is preserved in South Parji.
Number in DED : 809
kogaet-meaning,kogaet-prnum,kogaet-kolami,kogaet-parji,kogaet-poya,kogaet-addition,kogaet-notes,kogaet-dednum,
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Gondwan etymology :
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Proto-Gondi-Kui : *ej-
Meaning : to arrive
Notes : Most of the seeming irregularities in this root's reflexation are the result of its joining with the root *vā- 'to come' (*ey-v-). This form is seen in Gondi *ev- (and not *ey-) and PK *ey-v-. In PPM the old suffixal form *ey-k (probably a nominal derivative) was also used only with vā-. Konda ī- is irregular as well; maybe developed from *eyv-.
gndet-meaning,gndet-prnum,gndet-gon,gndet-kon,gndet-pem,gndet-kui,gndet-notes,
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Gondi etymology :
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Proto-Gondi : *ev-
Meaning : to reach, arrive
Betul Gondi : awwānā
Mandla Gondi (Williamson) : awwānā
Gommu Gondi : ev-
Muria Gondi : av-
Seoni Gondi : ev-
Koya Gondi : ev-
Maria Gondi (Mitchell) : ev-
Adilabad Gondi : ev-
Additional forms : Also Gondi_W āwsahtānā to dispatch; Gondi_Mu avh-/avih- to make to reach, bring, obtain
Number in DED : 809
Number in CVOTGD : 369
gonet-meaning,gonet-prnum,gonet-gondi_tr,gonet-gondi_w,gonet-gondi_g,gonet-gondi_mu,gonet-gondi_s,gonet-gondi_ko,gonet-gondi_m,gonet-gondi_a,gonet-addition,gonet-dednum,gonet-voc_num,
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Konda etymology :
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Konda : ī- (-t-)
Meaning: to arrive
Number in DED : 809
konet-meaning,konet-prnum,konet-dednum,
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Pengo-Manda etymology :
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Proto-Pengo-Manda : *ej-k-
Meaning : to arrive
Pengo : ika-, ika vā-
Manda : neyka vā-
Additional Forms : Also Pengo ipka-, ipka vā- id. (intensive, < ik-pa-).
Notes : Initial n- in Manda is irregular and rather strange. The same n- is found in Dongriya Kuwi, but still, the evidence is too few to reconstruct something other than an initial vowel.
Number in DED : 809
pemet-meaning,pemet-prnum,pemet-pengo,pemet-manda,pemet-addition,pemet-notes,pemet-dednum,
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Kui-Kuwi etymology :
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Proto-Kui-Kuwi : *ej-, *ej-v-
Meaning : to arrive
Kui : epa (et-) "to arrive, reach, overtake, be sufficient"
Kuwi (Fitzgerald) : ejali "to arrive, reach, overtake"
Sunkarametta Kuwi : e- (-t-)
Dongriya Kuwi : ne- (-t-)
Kuwi (Mahanti) : egowā- "to arrive (compound with vā- to come)"
Kuwi (Israel) : ega- "to arrive (motion base)"
Additional forms : Also Kui eppa (ept-) to cause to reach, cause to arrive at, cause to suffice; Kuwi_Isr eda- to arrive (personal object); ep- (-it-) to cause to reach.
Notes : The problem with this root is that in most (or all dialects) of Kui-Kuwi it was not used alone, but only in combination with the root *vā- 'to come' (*ey-v[ā]-) or other suffixes. In Kui *ey-v-a > *ey-pa > *e-pa, while eppa is a secondary causative. In Kuwi_F this cluster is probably responsible for the inlaut -j- (since PK *-y- normally > Kuwi_F -y-), although the exact way of development is unclear. Kuwi_Mah is an archaic form: egowā- obviously results from *ey-vā-. The n- in Kuwi_D is mysterious (although it does have parallels in Manda).
Number in DED : 809
kuiet-meaning,kuiet-prnum,kuiet-kui,kuiet-kuwi_f,kuiet-kuwi_su,kuiet-kuwi_d,kuiet-kuwi_mah,kuiet-kuwi_isr,kuiet-addition,kuiet-notes,kuiet-dednum,
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Brahui etymology :
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Brahui : hi-n-ing
Meaning : (i.e. stem in-; pres. stem kā-)to go, depart, disappear, be past, pass beyond, be no longer fit for, flow, (stomach) has diarrhoea
Number in DED : 809
braet-meaning,braet-prnum,braet-dednum,
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Eskimo etymology :
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Proto-Eskimo: *aɣǝ-
Meaning: to go for a walk
Russian meaning: гулять, идти, проходить
Comparative Eskimo Dictionary: 7
esqet-prnum,esqet-meaning,esqet-rmean,esqet-yup,esqet-inup,esqet-newcom,esqet-refer,
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Yupik etymology :
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Proto-Yupik: *áɣǝ- ~ *aɣ-uʁ-
Meaning: to go on walks
Russian Meaning: гулять, идти, проходить
Sirenik: aɣǝ́šaxkúχtaqǝ̄́χtǝχ 'to walk quickly', aʁáχtǝqǝ̄́χtǝχ 'to go', aʁáʁǝtǝ́kǝχtǝχ 'to go with sth.'
Chaplino: āɣaqā 'to come passingly', aʁwalŋik* 'going at walk, [to walk on four paws]'; āxtaqā 'to spend sth. correctly'
Naukan: aɣáqā 'to pass'
Alutiiq Alaskan Yupik: aɣǝ- 'to go along or through'
Chugach (Birket-Smith): aɣɣuq, aɣua 'to go on walks'
Central Alaskan Yupik: aɣǝ- 'to go over (land, water)'
Comparative Eskimo Dictionary: 7, 55
yupet-prnum,yupet-mean,yupet-rmean,yupet-sir,yupet-chap,yupet-nauk,yupet-aay,yupet-chgm,yupet-cay,yupet-ced,
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Inupik etymology :
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Proto-Inupik: *ạị-, *ai-k-lǝʁ-, *ai-t-ruʁ-
Meaning: to go 1, to go home 2, to fetch 3, to give 4
Russian meaning: идти 1, идти домой 2, доставать, ходить за чем-либо 3, давать 4
Seward Peninsula Inupik: ai- (aikɫiq- half-tr.) 2, 3, ait(t)uq- 4
SPI Dialects: Imaq ēroqtoq 1, ēroq 'walker', W, KI ai(z)ʁoq* 2
North Alaskan Inupik: ai- (aikɫ́iq- half-tr.) 2, 3, aitcuq- 4
NAI Dialects: B aiʁoq* 2, Ingl ai(z)ʁoq* 2
Western Canadian Inupik: ai- (aikɫiq- half-tr.) 1, 2, 3, aittuq- 4
WCI Dialects: Cor aijoq*, aivoq* 2, M aijoq* 2
Eastern Canadian Inupik: ai- (aitsi(q)- half-tr.) 1, 3, aittu(q)- 4
Greenlandic Inupik: ā- (ai-*) (āɫɫiʁ- half-tr.) 3, ātsuʁ- 'to infect'
GRI Dialects: NG ai- 3
Comparative Eskimo Dictionary: 7
inupet-prnum,inupet-meaning,inupet-rmean,inupet-spi,inupet-spis,inupet-nai,inupet-nais,inupet-wci,inupet-wcis,inupet-eci,inupet-gri,inupet-gris,inupet-ced,
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Long-range etymologies :
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Borean (approx.) : HVJV
Meaning : go, come
Amerind (misc.) : *ja(ʔ) 'go' (R 312) [ + A K] Reference : ND 103; GE 19 *i ~ *ya (+ NS). globet-meaning,globet-nostr,globet-afas,globet-amer,globet-reference,
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Afroasiatic etymology :
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Proto-Afro-Asiatic: *yaʔ/w-
Meaning: go, come, run
Notes: Cf. *waʔ- id.
afaset-meaning,afaset-prnum,afaset-brb,afaset-egy,afaset-wch,afaset-cch,afaset-ech,afaset-bed,afaset-lec,afaset-omo,afaset-notes,
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Berber etymology :
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Proto-Berber: *yV-
Meaning: 'come'
Izayan: iya
Qabyle (Ayt Mangellat): ǝyya (imper.)
brbet-prnum,brbet-meaning,brbet-izy,brbet-qbl,
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Egyptian etymology :
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Old Egyptian: ỉy, ỉw (pyr)
Meaning: 'come'
Coptic: *ʔey id.
egyet-prnum,egyet-meaning,egyet-cpt,
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West Chadic etymology :
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Proto-WChadic: *yaw-
Meaning: 'go' 1, 'come' 2, 'run' 3,'wander through' 4
Hausa: yā́wà 4
Gerke=Yiwom: ya 1 [Fp]
Dera=Kanakuru: yài 2 [NmK]
Kifri=Giwo: yew/ʔ- 1 [St]
Boghom: yuwey 3 [Cs]
Daffo-Butura: yû 1 [JgR]
Ngizim: yá 1 {ShN]
Notes: Ngizim is used in Imperfective. Redupl. in Montol yayee'follow' [Fp]
wchet-prnum,wchet-meaning,wchet-hsa,wchet-grk,wchet-der,wchet-krf,wchet-bgh,wchet-dfb,wchet-ngz,wchet-notes,
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Central Chadic etymology :
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Proto-CChadic: *ya-
Meaning: 'come'
Daba: ya [Mo]
Musgoy: yā [Lnhr], ya [CLR: 83]
Masa: ya [CLR: 83]
cchet-prnum,cchet-meaning,cchet-dab,cchet-mus,cchet-mas,
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East Chadic etymology :
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Proto-EChadic: *ya-
Meaning: 'go'
Tumak: yè [???}
Lele: è [CLR: 163]
Tobanga (=Gabri Nord): yǝ̀ [CTC]
echet-prnum,echet-meaning,echet-tum,echet-lle,echet-tob,
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Bedauye (Beja) etymology :
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Bedauye: yi-, ʔi-
Meaning: 'come'
bedet-prnum,bedet-meaning,
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Low East Cushitic etymology :
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Proto-Low East Cushitic: *yaʔ- ~ *ʔiʔ-t-
Meaning: 'run away' 1, 'go' 2
Somali: yaaʔ-
Arbore: ʔiʔit-
Notes: Cf. Or yaaʔa 'flow'
lecet-prnum,lecet-meaning,lecet-som,lecet-arb,lecet-notes,
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Omotic etymology :
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Proto-Omotic: *yaʔ-
Meaning: 'come' 1, 'run away' 2
Ometo: ya- 1
West Mao (Hozo): yɛi 2
West Mao (Sezo): yɛ 2
omoet-prnum,omoet-meaning,omoet-ome,omoet-hoz,omoet-sez,
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