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Tungus etymology :
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Proto-Tungus-Manchu: *pianči-
Meaning: to crush
Russian meaning: разрушать, раскалывать
Even: hênčik-
Negidal: xiŋčel-
tunget-prnum,tunget-meaning,tunget-rusmean,tunget-evn,tunget-neg,tunget-reference,
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Altaic etymology :
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Proto-Altaic: *p`i̯ắnč`i
Meaning: to crush
Russian meaning: ломать
Comments: Дыбо 1995b (Tung.-Mong.). In Mong. one has to suppose a contraction *niča- < *hin(i)ča- (cf. similarly *hunis- > nis- 'to fly'). An expressive root, but seems well reconstructable for PA. altet-prnum,altet-meaning,altet-rusmean,altet-turc,altet-mong,altet-tung,altet-jap,altet-reference,
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Turkic etymology :
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Proto-Turkic: *jạnč- / *jenč-
Meaning: to crush
Russian meaning: ломать
Old Turkic: janč- (OUygh.)
Karakhanid: janč-, jenč- (MK) Turkish: jenč-
Tatar: jɛnče-
Middle Turkic: jenč- (R.)
Uzbek: jänč-
Uighur: jänč-
Turkmen: jenč-
Shor: naš-
Yakut: sɨs- / sɨń-
Kirghiz: ǯanč-
Kazakh: žanšɨ-
Noghai: janšɨ-
Karaim: janč-, jenč-, janc-
Karakalpak: ženš-
Kumyk: janč-
Comments: EDT 944, ЭСТЯ 4, 184-185. Turk. > WMong. ǯanči-, janči-, KW 466, Щербак 1997, 122. See also notes to *jān(u)- 'threaten'. turcet-prnum,turcet-meaning,turcet-rusmean,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-trm,turcet-shr,turcet-jak,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,turcet-nogx,turcet-krmx,turcet-klpx,turcet-qum,turcet-reference,
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Mongolian etymology :
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Proto-Mongolian: *niča- / *niǯa-
Meaning: to crush
Russian meaning: ломать
Written Mongolian: niča-či-, niča-la-, niǯa-la-, niča-ra-, niǯa-ra- (L 577, 587) Khalkha: ńacla-, ńacra-
Buriat: ńas 'звукоподражание, изображающее треск'
Monguor: śʒ́arGǝ̄ 'cassé, brisé, fêlé, tesson' (SM 389) Comments: Mong. > Evk. ńičā- etc., see ТМС 1, 640. monget-prnum,monget-meaning,monget-rusmean,monget-wmo,monget-hal,monget-bur,monget-mgr,monget-reference,
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Japanese etymology :
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Proto-Japanese: *pintak-
Meaning: to crush
Russian meaning: ломать, разрушать
Old Japanese: p(j)idak-
Middle Japanese: fídák-
japet-prnum,japet-meaning,japet-rusmean,japet-ajp,japet-mjp,japet-comments,
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Nostratic etymology :
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Eurasiatic: *pVHc`V
Meaning: to rub, squeeze
Indo-European: ? Hitt. pes-, pasihai- 'rub, squeeze'
References: ND 1657 *P_uc̣(V)ɣV 'to press, squeeze' (+ Sem.). Cf. *pi(U)č̣V, *pVzV a. o. (a lot of confusion so far). nostret-meaning,nostret-ier,nostret-alt,nostret-ura,nostret-kart,nostret-reference,
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Uralic etymology :
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Number: 810
Proto: *pućV-rV-
English meaning: to press, squeeze (out)
German meaning: (aus)drücken, (aus)pressen
Finnish: puserta- 'drücken, klemmen'
Estonian: puserda- 'quetschen, drücken, ringen'
Udmurt (Votyak): pi̮ǯ́i̮rt- (S), pǝ̑źǝ̑rt- (K), pi̮źi̮rt- (J) 'ausringen, ausdrücken'
Komi (Zyrian): pi̮ʒ́i̮rt- (S), piʒ́i̮rt- (P), piʒ́ørt- (PO) 'ausdrücken, auspressen' ( > Khanty DN pĕt́ǝr- 'drücken, pressen', pĕt́ǝrt- 'zusammenpressen'; Mansi P pǟśǝrt- 'auspressen')
Khanty (Ostyak): posǝr- (VK) 'an die Brust drücken', pusǝr- (Kr.) 'in den Händen zusammendrücken'
Hungarian: facsar- 'winden, drehen'
Sammalahti's version: *pus'a-
uralet-proto,uralet-prnum,uralet-meaning,uralet-germmean,uralet-fin,uralet-est,uralet-udm,uralet-kom,uralet-khn,uralet-ugr,uralet-samm2,
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Kartvelian etymology :
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Proto-Kartvelian: *pxuć̣-
Russian meaning: собирать складками, морщить
English meaning: to fold, to wrinkle
Georgian: pxuc̣-
Megrel: xuč̣-
Notes and references: EWK 368.
kartet-prnum,kartet-rusmean,kartet-meaning,kartet-gru,kartet-meg,kartet-notes,
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