Turkic etymology : List with all references

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Turkic etymology :

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Proto-Turkic: *ańaŕ

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: clear sky; frost

Russian meaning: ясное небо; мороз

Old Turkic: ajaz (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: ajas (MK)

Turkish: ajaz

Tatar: ajaz

Middle Turkic: ajaz (Sangl.), ajaz, ajas (CCum.)

Uzbek: ajɔz

Uighur: ajaz

Sary-Yughur: ajas

Azerbaidzhan: ajaz

Turkmen: ajaz

Khakassian: ajas

Shor: ajas

Oyrat: ajas; ajɨz (dial.)

Halaj: hajāz

Chuvash: ojar

Tuva: ajas

Kirghiz: ajaz

Kazakh: ajaz

Noghai: ajaz

Bashkir: ajaδ

Balkar: ajaz

Gagauz: ajaz

Karaim: ajaz/s

Kumyk: ajaz

Comments: ЭСТЯ 1, 102-3; VEWT 11; TMN 2, 170; Лексика 13, Федотов 2, 298. A different suffixation is seen in Tur. (dial.) ajam, Kaz., Kirgh. ajɨq 'clear (weather'). A derivative *ań-gɨŕ- (pointing to original *-ń-) is found in Kaz. aŋɨzaq, Turkm. aŋzaq 'cold with dry wind' (see ЭСТЯ ibid.).

turcet-prnum,turcet-meaning,turcet-rusmean,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,turcet-khal,turcet-chv,turcet-tuv,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,turcet-nogx,turcet-bas,turcet-blkx,turcet-gagx,turcet-krmx,turcet-qum,turcet-reference,

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Altaic etymology :

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Proto-Altaic: *ŋăńa

Nostratic: Nostratic

Meaning: clear sky

Russian meaning: ясное небо

Turkic: *ańaŕ

Tungus-Manchu: *ńaŋńa

Japanese: *àmâi

Comments: Дыбо 11. In TM one has to suppose a metathesis (typical for roots with two nasals): *ńaŋńa < *ŋań-ŋa.

altet-prnum,altet-meaning,altet-rusmean,altet-turc,altet-tung,altet-jap,altet-reference,

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Tungus etymology :

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Proto-Tungus-Manchu: *ńaŋńa

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: clear sky

Russian meaning: ясное небо

Evenki: ńaŋńa

Even: ńanịn

Negidal: ńaŋńa

Literary Manchu: ńaŋńa

Orok: nāŋna

Oroch: ńaŋńa

Udighe: ńaŋńa

Comments: ТМС 1, 634. Cf. also *ńaŋ-ma- ( > *ńamŋa-) 'to become clear (of sky); to appear (of hoar-frost)' (ТМС 1, 632, 633).

tunget-prnum,tunget-meaning,tunget-rusmean,tunget-evk,tunget-evn,tunget-neg,tunget-man,tunget-ork,tunget-orc,tunget-ude,tunget-reference,

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Japanese etymology :

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Proto-Japanese: *àmâi

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: sky; rain

Russian meaning: небо; дождь

Old Japanese: ame

Middle Japanese: àmè

Tokyo: áme

Kyoto: àmê

Kagoshima: amé

Nase: àmɨ́

Shuri: ámí

Hateruma: àmí

Yonakuni: àmì

Comments: JLTT 381.

japet-prnum,japet-meaning,japet-rusmean,japet-ajp,japet-mjp,japet-tok,japet-kyo,japet-kag,japet-nas,japet-shu,japet-hat,japet-yon,japet-comments,

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Nostratic etymology :

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Eurasiatic: *ŋańV

Meaning: morning, clear sky

Borean: Borean

Indo-European: *ai̯-er/n-

Altaic: *ŋăńa

Dravidian: ? *vāṇa 'sky, heaven, rain' (DEDR 5381)

References: ND 1644 *ŋ(Vw)ańV 'sky, cloud' (w/o IE; + Sem.).

nostret-meaning,nostret-prnum,nostret-ier,nostret-alt,nostret-drav,nostret-reference,

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Indo-European etymology :

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Proto-IE: *ay-er/n-

Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology

Meaning: morning

Avestan: ayarǝ, gen. ayąn n. 'Tag'

Old Greek: ǟ̂ri `früh', , ǟério- `früh, morgendlich'; nebelig'; ā́risto-n n. `Frühstück'

Germanic: *air-a-, comp. adv. *air-iaz, adj. *air-iz-a-n; superl. *air-ist-a-; air-a-n n.

Russ. meaning: утро

References: WP I 2 f

piet-prnum,piet-meaning,piet-avest,piet-greek,piet-germ,piet-rusmean,piet-refer,

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Germanic etymology :

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Proto-Germanic: *aira-, comp. adv. *airiaz, adj. *airiza-n; superl. *airista-; aira-n n.

Meaning: early, -ier

IE etymology: IE etymology

Gothic: air adv. `early', comp. airis adv. `früher', comp. *airiza adj. `older'

Old Norse: adv. ār `früh', comp. ǟr `früher'; ār-r `frühzeitig', ār n. `Anfang'

Norwegian: adv. ɔr `früh'

Old English: ǟra adj. `earlier, former'; ǟr, comp. m. ǟra, ǟrra, f., n. ǟre, ǟrre, sup. ǟrest adj. `early, former, preceding, ancient'; ǟr, ēra, sup. ǟrost, -est, ǟrst `ere, before, sooner, earlier, formerly, already, some time ago, lately, just now, till, until', ǟr conj. `ere, before that', prp. `before'

English: ere

Old Frisian: ēr `früher'; ērra, ārra `elderly person, ancestor'; ērost, ērist, ērst, ārist, ārst

Old Saxon: ēr `früher', ērist `first'

Middle Dutch: eer, ēre `früher'; eerre; eerst, ērst, ierst

Dutch: eer; eerder; eerst

Old Franconian: ONFrank ēr

Middle Low German: ēr `früher'; ēre(r)

Old High German: ēr (8. Jh) `früher, einst, eher'; ēriro (um 800), ērro `elderly person, ancestor'; ērist `first'

Middle High German: ē, ēr 'früher, vormals; eher, lieber'; comp. ērer, ērre, ërre 'früher, vorig'

German: eher, ehe; erst

germet-meaning,germet-prnum,germet-got,germet-onord,germet-norw,germet-oengl,germet-engl,germet-ofris,germet-osax,germet-mdutch,germet-dutch,germet-olfrank,germet-mlg,germet-ohg,germet-mhg,germet-hg,

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Pokorny's dictionary :

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Number: 31

Root: ā̆ier-, ā̆ien-

English meaning: day, morning

German meaning: `Tag, Morgen'

Grammatical comments: n.

Material: Av. ayarǝ, Gen. ayąn n. `Tag'.

Gr. Lok. *ἀ(ι̯)ερι- in ἄριστον (aus *ai̯eri-d-tom, zu ed- `essen') `Frühstück' (unkontrahiertes ἀέριστον noch herstellbar Hom. Ω 124, π 2); dehnstufiges *ἀ̄(ι̯)ερι in der Ableitung ἠέριος `morgendlich', kontrahiert in ἦρι `morgens'. Anders Risch 105.

Got. air, aisl. ār, Adv. `frühe' (ebenfalls Lok. *ai̯eri), dazu Kompar. got. airiza `früher', Adv. airis = ags. ǣr, ahd. ēr, nhd. eher, ehe; Superl. ags. ǣrest, ahd. ērist, nhd. erst.

References: WP. I 3, Feist 24b.

Vielleicht zu ā̆i-4.

Pages: 12

PIE database: PIE database

pokorny-root,pokorny-meaning,pokorny-ger_mean,pokorny-grammar,pokorny-material,pokorny-ref,pokorny-pages,pokorny-piet,

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Dravidian etymology :

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Proto-Dravidian : *vān-

Meaning : 1 sky 2 rain

Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology

Proto-South Dravidian: *vān-

Proto-Telugu : *vān-

Proto-Kolami-Gadba : *vān-

Proto-North Dravidian : *ban-

dravet-meaning,dravet-prnum,dravet-sdr,dravet-tel,dravet-koga,dravet-ndr,

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South Dravidian etymology :

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Proto-South Dravidian : *vān-

Meaning : sky

Dravidian etymology: Dravidian etymology

Tamil : vān_, vān_am

Tamil meaning : sky, cloud, rain

Tamil derivates : vān_avan_ a celestial being; vān_ōr celestials; mān_am sky

Malayalam : vān, vānam, mānam

Malayalam meaning : sky, heaven

Kannada : bān, bāna, bāṇa, bām

Kannada meaning : sky

Kodagu : bāṇa

Kodagu meaning : sky

Tulu : bāna, bāṇa

Tulu meaning : sky

Proto-Nilgiri : *vān-ăm

Miscellaneous : KOR (T) bāṇa sky

Number in DED : 5381

sdret-meaning,sdret-prnum,sdret-tam,sdret-tammean,sdret-tamder,sdret-mal,sdret-malmean,sdret-kan,sdret-kanmean,sdret-kod,sdret-kodmean,sdret-tul,sdret-tulmean,sdret-kt,sdret-misc,sdret-dednum,

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Nilgiri etymology :

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Proto-Nilgiri : *vān-ăm

Meaning : sky

South Dravidian etymology: South Dravidian etymology

Kota : vānm

Toda : pōn

Additional forms : Also Kota vānt ūr sky (village in the sky); Toda kax fōn sky (black sky; in songs)

Number in DED : 5381

ktet-meaning,ktet-prnum,ktet-kota,ktet-toda,ktet-addition,ktet-dednum,

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Telugu etymology :

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Proto-Telugu : *vān-

Meaning : rain

Dravidian etymology: Dravidian etymology

Telugu : vāna

Number in DED : 5381

telet-meaning,telet-prnum,telet-tel_1,telet-dednum,

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Kolami-Gadba etymology :

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Proto-Kolami-Gadba : *vān-

Meaning : rain

Dravidian etymology: Dravidian etymology

Kolami : vāna

Naikri : vāna

Naiki : vāna

Parji : vāni (stem vān-)

Ollari Gadba : vāyin

Salur Gadba : vāyin

Number in DED : 5381

kogaet-meaning,kogaet-prnum,kogaet-kolami,kogaet-naikri,kogaet-naiki,kogaet-parji,kogaet-ollari,kogaet-salur,kogaet-dednum,

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North Dravidian etymology :

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Proto-North-Dravidian : *ban-

Meaning : a current or flood of water caused by heavy rain

Dravidian etymology: Dravidian etymology

Malto : bani

Number in DED : 5381

ndret-meaning,ndret-prnum,ndret-mlt,ndret-dednum,

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Long-range etymologies :

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Borean (approx.) : NVNV

Meaning : night, dawn

Eurasiatic : ? *ŋańV 'morning, clear sky'

Afroasiatic : *naw/yn-

Amerind (misc.) : ? *nunta 'moon' (R 477) [+ K]

globet-meaning,globet-nostr,globet-afas,globet-amer,

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Afroasiatic etymology :

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Proto-Afro-Asiatic: *naw/yn-

Meaning: night

Borean etymology: Borean etymology

Egyptian: nn (gr) 'night'

Western Chadic: *nwan- 'shadow'

East Chadic: *ʔi-nyan- 'night'

afaset-meaning,afaset-prnum,afaset-egy,afaset-wch,afaset-ech,

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Egyptian etymology :

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Old Egyptian: nn (gr)

Afroasiatic etymology: Afroasiatic etymology

Meaning: 'night'

egyet-prnum,egyet-meaning,

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West Chadic etymology :

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Proto-WChadic: *nwan-

Afroasiatic etymology: Afroasiatic etymology

Meaning: 'shadow'

Dera=Kanakuru: nóonì

wchet-prnum,wchet-meaning,wchet-der,

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East Chadic etymology :

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Proto-EChadic: *ʔi-nyan-

Afroasiatic etymology: Afroasiatic etymology

Meaning: 'night'

Ndam: ʔīnyán [CLR: 257]

echet-prnum,echet-meaning,echet-ndm,

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