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Austric etymology :
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Proto-Austric: *rU
Meaning: mountain
Proto-Austroasiatic: *bǝru Austroasiatic meaning: mountain
Munda parallels: M. buru
Proto-Austronesian: *oro
Austronesian meaning: mountain, hill
Austronesian code: 16:4
austr-meaning,austr-prnum,austr-aa,austr-aame,austr-mun,austr-an,austr-anme,austr-ancode,
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Austro-Asiatic etymology :
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Proto-Austro-Asiatic: *ru
Meaning: mountain
Proto-Palaungic: Pr si brɔ.B V?
aaet-meaning,aaet-prnum,aaet-kat,aaet-bah,aaet-vim,aaet-pawa,
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Katuic etymology :
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Proto-Katuic: *ru
Meaning: mountain
Presyllable: bʔǝ-
Proto-East Katuic: LKA ʔarus E?
References: TK1.35
katet-meaning,katet-prpr,katet-prnum,katet-wkat,katet-ekat,katet-bibref,
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West Katuic etymology :
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Proto-West Katuic: *ru
Meaning: mountain
Presyllable: bʔǝ-
So: bru:.N
So meaning: (TL)
Bru: bru:.N
Bru meaning: (TL)
Sou: bru
Kui: bru:.N
Kui meaning: mountain
Kuay: bru:.N
Kuay meaning: mountain
Ngeu: blu:.B
Ngeu meaning: mountain
wkatet-meaning,wkatet-wpre,wkatet-prnum,wkatet-so,wkatet-some,wkatet-bru,wkatet-brume,wkatet-sou,wkatet-kui,wkatet-kuime,wkatet-kuay,wkatet-kuayme,wkatet-ngeu,wkatet-nyeume,
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Bahnar etymology :
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Proto-Bahnaric: *ru
Meaning: mountain, forest
Presyllable: bǝ-
banet-meaning,banet-prpr,banet-prnum,banet-web,
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West Bahnaric etymology :
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Proto-West- Bahnaric: *ru, bǝ-
Meaning: mountain, forest
Jaru form: bru:
Jaru meaning: mountain
Juk: bru:
Nhaheung form: bruo V?
Nhaheung meaning: hill, mound
Other WB languages: OI, CHG bru: mountain
References: JS-690b, TB1.42
webet-meaning,webet-prnum,webet-jr,webet-jrme,webet-jk,webet-nha,webet-nhame,webet-other,webet-refer,
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Viet-Muong etymology :
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Proto-Viet-Muong: *ruʔ, m-
Meaning: forest
Vietnamese: rú
Vietnamese meaning: forest
Muong dialect: khu.5
Nguon dialect (2): ru.3
Phong: phlu.3
Arem: brawʔ
Proto-Ruc: *ru.3, b-
Ruc (Russian field rec.): bru:.3
Ruc (Lo'i's rec.): bru:.3
Ruc (Ferlus' rec.): bru:.5
Ruc meaning: forest
Thavung-So: phu:.1
Thavung-So meaning: mountain; mahi:.1 jungle
Notes: F-97: *m-ru:ʔ
References: NTF79, NVL156
vimet-meaning,vimet-prnum,vimet-viet,vimet-vietme,vimet-anng,vimet-nyt,vimet-pho,vimet-arem,vimet-prru,vimet-rucr,vimet-rucl,vimet-rntf,vimet-rucme,vimet-so,vimet-some,vimet-note,vimet-bib,
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Long-range etymologies :
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Borean (approx.) : HVRCV
Meaning : to get up
Notes : So far attested only in SC. ? Cf. MY *CU 'stand'.
globet-meaning,globet-scc,globet-notes,
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Sino-Caucasian etymology :
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Proto-Sino-Caucasian: *HĕrsṭV́
Meaning: to get up
sccet-meaning,sccet-prnum,sccet-cauc,sccet-yen,sccet-buru,sccet-basq,
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North Caucasian etymology :
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Proto-North Caucasian: *Hĕrc̣V-
Meaning: to stand up, to raise
Notes: Reconstructed for the PEC level. Class prefixation in Lak. and Tsezian is probably secondary (cf. the prefixless structure *ħirc̣- in PA). PN *-b- is a former aspective (plural) marker. The root *Hĕrc̣V- has a parallel in HU *asχ- ( < *arc- with a typical HU development): Hurr. ašχ- 'to raise; endow', ašχu/o 'high, upper', Ur. ašχ- 'to endow' (see Diakonoff-Starostin 1986, 47).
caucet-prnum,caucet-meaning,caucet-nakh,caucet-aand,caucet-cez,caucet-lak,caucet-comment,
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Nakh etymology :
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Proto-Nakh: *l-abc̣-
Meaning: lean upon a staff while stepping
Chechen: l-owz-
Comments: Isolated in Chech., but obviously archaic. Length of vowel is determined by forms like lewz-ira, lewz-ina. There exists also a durative stem līz- < *l-ēbc̣-.
nakhet-prnum,nakhet-meaning,nakhet-che,nakhet-comment,
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Avar-Andian etymology :
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Protoform: *ħirc̣-
Meaning: 1 stand up 2 raise 3 high
Andian language: hirc̣i 3, hirc̣- 1
Akhvakh: heč̣- 1,2, heč̣eda 3
Chamalal: hec̣u-b 3, hec̣- 2
Tindi: hec̣u-b 3
Karata: herc̣o-b 3
Botlikh: hirc̣i 3
Bagvalal: hec̣u-b 3
Godoberi: hic̣i 3
Comments: Cf. also Cham. Gig. hinz- 'to stand up', hinzi 'high'. Tind. hec:- 'to stand up (from a sitting position)' is modified from *hec̣- under the influence of heč:- 'to stand up'.
aandet-prnum,aandet-meaning,aandet-and,aandet-akv,aandet-chm,aandet-tnd,aandet-krt,aandet-btl,aandet-bgv,aandet-gdb,aandet-comment,
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Tsezian etymology :
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Proto-Tsezian: *=ɔc̣- (~-u-,-ü-)
Meaning: stop, detain
Ginukh: =oc̣-era
Comments: A causative formation. Cf. perhaps also (with Ablaut) Bezht. Tlad. -ic̣- in =aʁ-ic̣- 'to stand up'; -oc̣- in =eče-n-oc̣- 'to stand'.
cezet-prnum,cezet-meaning,cezet-gin,cezet-comment,
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Lak etymology :
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Lak root: =a=c̣a-
Meaning: stand
Lak form: =a=c̣a-n
Comments: G. pr. =a=c̣u-nu. Cf. Khosr. =a=c̣a-n id.
laket-prnum,laket-meaning,laket-lak,laket-comment,
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Yenisseian etymology :
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Proto-Yenisseian: *ta(s)-
Meaning: to stand up
Ket: taśeŋ5; (Донн.) hattǝs "to stand up, rise"; (Castr.) fattes "aufstehen", praet. furdetes, imp. fargetes; há-p-ta, há-vi-ta (Werner 1, 302) 'es steht'
Yug: fattes (Кастр.) , praet. furdetes, imp. fargetes; (Werner 2, 243) tásiŋ, t-fáttes; (Werner 1, 302) fā-p-ta 'es steht', praet. fɔ-b-ɨ́r-ta.
Kottish: fatagākŋ, praet. faltajaŋ, imp. falta
Comments: ССЕ 281. The Ket-Kot comparison is acceptable if Ket -s is a suffix; in its favour speaks the common morphological structure (with the preverb *p(a)-): PY *pa-ta(s)-. The Ket-Yug form may represent an old compound of verbal stems: *ta- + *hVs- 'to be stood up'. Werner 2, 243 <*thas->.
yenet-prnum,yenet-meaning,yenet-ket,yenet-sym,yenet-kot,yenet-notes,
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Burushaski etymology :
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Common Burushaski: *ca
Meaning: stand
Yasin: ca-k
Hunza: ca-ṭ, ca
Nagar: ca-ṭ, ca
buruet-prnum,buruet-meaning,buruet-yas,buruet-hun,buruet-ngr,
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Basque etymology :
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Proto-Basque: *e=aśV
Meaning: 1 lift, raise 2 carry, support, sustain 3 bear, endure 4 bear (fruit) 5 borrow
Bizkaian: jaso, jason 1, 2, (arc) jauso, joso 1, 2
Gipuzkoan: jaso 1, 2
High Navarrese: jaso 1, jasan 2, 3, 4, jasi 2
Low Navarrese: jasan 2, 3
Lapurdian: jaso 1, jasan 2, 3
Baztanese: jasan 2, 3
Zuberoan: jésan 5
Comments: According to Michelena ZBR 'to borrow' is a partial calque from Romance (cf. Catalan manllevar 'to borrow' < manum levare 'raise one's hand [to swear]').
basqet-prnum,basqet-meaning,basqet-bzk,basqet-gip,basqet-anv,basqet-bnv,basqet-lab,basqet-bzt,basqet-zbr,basqet-comments,
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