Central Khoisan etymology :

Proto-Khoe : *ɳǂâ

Meaning : to dance

Khoisan etymology : Khoisan etymology

Khoekhoe : *ɳǂa

West Khoe : *ɳǂâ

Notes : Baucom: Kx'am ||õã ɳǂa.

References : Baucom 21; Vossen 497.

Khoekhoe etymology :

Proto-Khoekhoe : *ɳǂa

Meaning : to dance

Khoe etymology : Khoe etymology

Nama : ǂnā

!Ora : ǂnȧ

Notes : Griqua ǂna-kʔam "klopfen" (Paul Kars).

References : Haacke 123; Meinhof 140, 150; Rust 284.

West Central Khoisan etymology :

Proto-West Khoe : *ɳǂâ

Meaning : to dance

Khoe etymology : Khoe etymology

Naro : ɳǂnâ (V.); nǂáà (Ba.)

//Gana : ɳǂnâ

#Haba : ɳǂã̂

References : Barnard 135; Vossen 497.

Macro-Khoisan etymology :

Proto-Khoisan : *ɳǂa

Meaning : to twitch the limbs > to dance

Proto-Bushman : *ɳǂa^h

Proto-Khoe : *ɳǂâ

Notes : Semantic differences speak in favour of genetic rather than contact solution here.

Peripheral Khoisan etymology :

Number : 869

Proto-Bushman : *ɳǂa^h

Meaning : to kick; to twitch (limbs)

Khoisan etymology : Khoisan etymology

Proto-Taa : *ɳǂà^h

Bushman > Taa : Bushman > Taa

Proto-!Wi : *ɳǂa

Bushman > !Wi : Bushman > !Wi

Notes : No reliable parallels in NK, but cf. PCK *ɳǂa "to dance".

South Khoisan (Taa subgroup) etymology :

Proto-Taa : *ɳǂà^h

Meaning : to twitch, jerk, make involuntary movements of the limbs

Bushman etymology : Bushman etymology

!Xoong : ɳǂàha; ɳǂàha-ɳǂàha (kV) "to swirl, shake around)

References : Traill 145.

South Khoisan (!Wi subgroup) etymology :

Proto-!Wi : *ɳǂa

Meaning : to kick

Bushman etymology : Bushman etymology

|Xam : ǂnạ̄́, ǂnạ̄́ạ̈̆̀ "to dance (of horse)" (Ll.)

//Ng : ǂnaa

#Khomani : ǂnā (Mg.)

//Kxau : ǂna

References : Bleek 669; Maingard 245.

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