Central Khoisan etymology :

Proto-Khoe : *||kxáé

Meaning : to gather (intr.)

Khoisan etymology : Khoisan etymology

Khoekhoe : *||kxae (*||ʔ-)

West Khoe : *||kxáé

East Khoe : *||ʔáé

References : Vossen 502.

Khoekhoe etymology :

Proto-Khoekhoe : *||kxae

Meaning : to come together, be concerned with, involved with

Khoe etymology : Khoe etymology

Nama : ||ae; ||ai (R.)

!Ora : ||xʔai-gu "zwischen"

Notes : Cf. also Nama ||ae-gu "between, middle", !Ora ||ai̇-gu, ||xʔaigu id.; the first !Ora form is either dialectal or borrowed from Nama.

References : Haacke 73; Meinhof 116; Rust 19.

West Central Khoisan etymology :

Proto-West Khoe : *||kxáé

Meaning : to gather (intr.)

Khoe etymology : Khoe etymology

//Ani : ||xʔàé

Kxoe (Hukwe) : ||xʔáé

Buga : ||xʔáé

Naro : ||xʔáé (V.)

|Gwi : ||xʔɛ́

//Gana : ||xʔáè

#Haba : ||xʔáé

References : KH; Vossen 502.

East Central Khoisan etymology :

Proto-East Khoe : *||ʔáé

Meaning : to gather (intr.)

Khoe etymology : Khoe etymology

|Xaise : ||ʔàé

Deti : ||ʔàé

Cara : ||ʔàé

Danisi : ||ʔáé

Kua : ||ʔáé

Tsua : ||ʔáé

References : Vossen 502.

Macro-Khoisan etymology :

Proto-Khoisan : *||kxae

Meaning : to assemble, join

Proto-Bushman : *||kxae

Proto-Khoe : *||kxáé

Sandawe : *||ʔā

Notes : See Honken 1998: 181. Quite likely that the word has been borrowed into various Peripheral Khoisan idioms independently from Khoe sources. The Sandawe parallel, if correct, may indicate at a "primal click" origin for the Khoe etymon.

Peripheral Khoisan etymology :

Number : 488

Proto-Bushman : *ǀǀkxae

Meaning : to assemble, join

Khoisan etymology : Khoisan etymology

Proto-Ju : *ǀǀxʼae

Bushman > Ju : Bushman > Ju

Proto-Taa : *ǀǀkxáe

Bushman > Taa : Bushman > Taa

ǂHoan : *ǀǀkxae

Bushman > ǂHoan : Bushman > ǂHoan

References : Honken 1998: 181.

North Khoisan etymology :

Proto-Ju: *ɡǀǀxʼUm

Tonal pattern: HH [j]

Meaning: upper arm

Peripheral Khoisan etymology: Peripheral Khoisan etymology

Juǀʼhoan : ɡǀǀxʼóm (n5 -si)

Juǀʼhoan (Snyman): ɡǀǀxʼom

ǀǀAuǀǀen : ɡǀǀum

Nogau : ɡ!òm "arm"

!O!Kung (Bleek) : ǀǀkṹ "shoulder, arm"

Tsumkwe : ɡǀǀxʼóm

Tsintsabis : ǀǀxʼóm

Leeunes : ɡǀǀxʼóm

Cuito : ǀǀxʼóm

Cuando : ǀǀxʼom ~ ǀǀxʼóm

South Omatako : ɡǀǀxʼóm

North Omatako : ɡǀǀxʼóm

Kameeldoring : ɡǀǀxʼóm

Lister : ɡǀǀxʼóm

References : Bleek 385, 535, 591; Dickens 216; Snyman 61; Snyman 1997: 52.

RefLex number: 586

South Khoisan (Taa subgroup) etymology :

Proto-Taa : *||kxáe

Meaning : to join

Bushman etymology : Bushman etymology

!Xoong : ||kxʔáẽ -sà ||kxʔáe kV

References : Traill 112.

East #Hoan etymology :

Proto-#Hoan : *||kxae

Meaning : to assemble

Bushman etymology : Bushman etymology

#Hoan : ||xʔae (CF); ||kxʔae (T.)

References : Cornell Files; Traill 1986: 423.

Sandawe etymology :

Proto-Sandawe : *||ʔā

Meaning : to follow

Khoisan etymology : Khoisan etymology

Sandawe : ||'ạẹ (D.); ||ʔaa (K.); ||'ā (Kim.)

References : Dempwolff 40; Kagaya 78; Kimmenade 67.

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