South Khoisan (!Wi subgroup) etymology :

Proto-!Wi : *||kxũ

Meaning : bark

Bushman etymology : Bushman etymology

N|huki : ||xʔuʔʋ̃-si

#Khomani : ||kxʔuŋ (Dk.)

|Auni : ||kõ

References : Bleek 582, 611; NFn.

Peripheral Khoisan etymology :

Number : 12

Proto-Bushman : *ǀǀkxɔ̃

Meaning : bark; grass (?)

Khoisan etymology : Khoisan etymology

Proto-Taa : *ǀǀkxã̂

Bushman > Taa : Bushman > Taa

Proto-!Wi : *ǀǀkxũ

Bushman > !Wi : Bushman > !Wi

Notes : The comparison is possible, but it is not excluded that both !Wi forms are actually borrowed from Khoekhoe.

South Khoisan (Taa subgroup) etymology :

Proto-Taa : *||kxã̂

Meaning : grass

Bushman etymology : Bushman etymology

!Xoong : ||kxʔã̂ 2 n I

!Xoong derivates : dim. ||kxʔã̂-mà/ʘàa

References : Traill 112.

Macro-Khoisan etymology :

Proto-Khoisan : *||kxǝ

Meaning : bark

Proto-Bushman : *||kxɔ̃

Proto-Khoe : *||kxṹ

Sandawe : *kha||ʔa (?)

Notes : If the Sandawe form belongs here, the comparison may represent yet another example of a "primary" click in Khoisan. On the other hand, the Peripheral Khoisan part of it is rather weak, with most of the attested forms quite probably just recent borrowings from Khoe.

Central Khoisan etymology :

Proto-Khoe : *||kxṹ

Meaning : bark

Khoisan etymology : Khoisan etymology

Khoekhoe : *||(kx)ũ

West Khoe : *||kxṹ

East Khoe : *||ʔṹ

References : Vossen 421.

Khoekhoe etymology :

Proto-Khoekhoe : *||kxũ (*||ʔ-)

Meaning : periderm (of bark); dead bark

Khoe etymology : Khoe etymology

Nama : ||û-b

References : Haacke 77; Rust 371.

West Central Khoisan etymology :

Proto-West Khoe : *||kxṹ

Meaning : bark

Khoe etymology : Khoe etymology

//Ani : ||xʔṹ

Kxoe (Hukwe) : ||xʔṹ

Buga : ||xʔũ̌

|Ganda : ||xʔṹ

Naro : ||xʔṵ̃́ (V.); ||ṍ (Ba.)

#Haba : ||ʔṵ̃̌

Notes : The ǂHaba form is irregular.

References : Barnard 46; KH; Vossen 421.

East Central Khoisan etymology :

Proto-East Khoe : *||ʔṹ

Meaning : bark

Khoe etymology : Khoe etymology

|Xaise : ||ʔṹ

Cara : ||ʔṹ

Tsixa : ||ʔṹ

Kua : ||ʔṹ

References : Vossen 421.

Sandawe etymology :

Proto-Sandawe : *kha||ʔa

Meaning : to tear off (the bark)

Khoisan etymology : Khoisan etymology

Sandawe : kha||ʔase (K.)

References : Kagaya 91.

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