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Avar-Andian etymology :
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Protoform: *ʔanzi
Meaning: snow
Avar: ʕázu
Chadakolob: ʕážu
Andian language: anži
Akhvakh: ãži
Chamalal: anz
Tindi: anzi
Karata: anze
Botlikh: anzi
Bagvalal: anz
Godoberi: anzi
Comments: Av. paradigm C (ʕazú-l, ʕáza-bi; Chad. gen. ʕužú-l). Cf. also Cham. Gig. anzi, Kar. Tok. ʕanzi.
aandet-prnum,aandet-meaning,aandet-ava,aandet-avc,aandet-and,aandet-akv,aandet-chm,aandet-tnd,aandet-krt,aandet-btl,aandet-bgv,aandet-gdb,aandet-comment,
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North Caucasian etymology :
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Proto-North Caucasian: *jămʒĂ
Meaning: snow
Proto-West Caucasian: *ǯǝ Notes: The EC-WC comparison seems compelling, but the hushing *ǯ in PWC raises some problems. The reconstruction of *ǯ is based on the correspondence Ub. ʒ : PAT *ʒ́. It is not excluded, however, that the original PAT form *(a)ʒV underwent an influence of other roots: PAT *śǝ 'snow' and PAT *ʒ́ǝ-nǝ 'winter', and changed into *(a)ʒ́V by analogy. In that case PWC *ʒǝ could be reconstructed (in Ub. both *ǯ and *ʒ yield ʒ), which would be a perfect match for PEC *jămʒĂ. Abdokov (1983, 99-100) compares the EC forms with PAK *č:apǝ 'hoar-frost', which seems much less probable (for phonetic reasons).
caucet-prnum,caucet-meaning,caucet-aand,caucet-cez,caucet-lezg,caucet-abad,caucet-comment,
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Tsezian etymology :
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Proto-Tsezian: *ʔẽsǝ
Meaning: snow
Tsezi: isi
Ginukh: iše
Khvarshi: ĩsa
Inkhokvari: ẽso
Bezhta: õz
Gunzib: ǝ̃z
Comments: PTsKh *ʔẽsǝ; PGB *ʔǝ̃z (cf. also Bezht. Tlad. õz, Khosh. oz). PGB *ʔǝ̃z is probably an analogical building from the oblique base *ʔǝ̃zi-, built with Ablaut (a regular correspondence for PTsKh *ẽ would be PGB *ẽ).
cezet-prnum,cezet-meaning,cezet-cez,cezet-gin,cezet-khv,cezet-inh,cezet-bzt,cezet-gnz,cezet-comment,
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Lezghian etymology :
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Proto-Lezghian: *ji(m)c:
Meaning: snow
Rutul: jiz
Tsakhur: jiz
Kryz: jiz
Budukh: jiz
Udi: iIž
Comment: Obl. base *ji(m)c:a- (cf. Tsakh. jize-, Gelm. jiza-). Medial *-m- can not be postulated on Lezghian evidence (the root is not attested in Arch. or Tab.), but nothing contradicts its reconstruction, suggested by the external evidence. 4th class in all class-distinguishing languages. See Лексика 1971, 192; Гигинейшвили 1977, 117.
lezget-prnum,lezget-meaning,lezget-rut,lezget-cak,lezget-krz,lezget-bud,lezget-udi,lezget-comment,
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Abkhaz-Adyghe etymology :
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Proto-West-Caucasian: *ǯǝ
Meaning: 1 snow 2 hoar-frost 3 dew
Abkhaz: a-ʒáʒa 3
Abaza: aʒ 2,3
Adyghe: wasa-ps 3
Kabardian: wasa-ps 3
Ubykh: zʷa-ʒǝ́ 1
Comments: PAT *(a)ʒ́V (cf. also Bzyb. a-ʒ́áʒ́a 'dew'; the Abkh. form is reduplicated); Ub. zʷa-ʒǝ́ 'snow' (a compound with zʷa 'sky'), ʒǝ- 'to snow' (a-ʒǝ́-n), mIa-ʒǝ́ 'hoar-frost' (with an unclear component mIa-). The voiceless *-s- in PAK *wa-sá-psǝ (a compound with wa- 'sky' and -psǝ 'water') is conditioned by the influence of another root, PAK *wa-sǝ́ 'snow' ( < PWC *śǝ q.v.).
abadet-prnum,abadet-meaning,abadet-abk,abadet-aba,abadet-adg,abadet-kab,abadet-ubk,abadet-comment,
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Sino-Caucasian etymology :
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Proto-Sino-Caucasian: *jVmʒV
Meaning: snow, frost
Comments and references : BCD 15.
sccet-meaning,sccet-cauc,sccet-basq,sccet-notes,
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Basque etymology :
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Proto-Basque: *Hainc-
Meaning: 1 (hard) frost 2 very strong ice 3 very cold wind
Bizkaian: antzigar, (Oñate) aintzigar, (Orozko) intziar 2, (Galdakano) 3
Gipuzkoan: antzigar, intziar, (Andoain) aintzigar
Comments: A compound of *Hainc- + *eihar̄ 'dry'. Cf. PNC *jămʒĂ 'snow'.
basqet-prnum,basqet-meaning,basqet-bzk,basqet-gip,basqet-comments,
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