Avar-Andian etymology : List with all references

Protoform: *q̇:(ʷ)ič̣:i / č̣:iq̇:(ʷ)i

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: 1 spleen 2 small intestine

Avar: q̇:eč̣: 1

Chadakolob: q̇:ec̣ 1

Andian language: q̇:eč̣: (Khaidakov) 1

Akhvakh: čeq̇:i 1

Chamalal: bošun-č̣iq̇: 1

Tindi: č̣iq̇:i 1

Karata: q̇:erč̣:e 1

Godoberi: č:ak:ʷa 2

Comments: Av. paradigm C (q̇:oč̣ó-l, q̇:úč̣-dul; Chad. q̇:oc̣ó-l, q̇:úc̣-dul). Labialisation is suggestedby the archaic God. form (č:ak:ʷa < *č̣:Vḳ:ʷV < *č̣:Vq̇:ʷV with a regular shift *-q̇:ʷ- > -ḳ:ʷ- in PA), as well as by the correspondence PA *-i- : Av. -e- (usual after originally labialised consonants). However, most languages have lost the labialisation, and already in PA wehave no reason to reconstruct it; moreover, the God. form may just have been influenced by another PA root, *c̣:iḳ:ʷa 'small intestine' q.v. (with which it has obviously contaminated, at least semantically). Kar. -r- is probably secondary (no other languages have any trace of it).

In general, this is a very hard case for reconstruction, because of contaminations (with PA *c̣:iḳ:ʷa), metatheses and dissimilations (in Akhv., Tind. and Cham.), usual for this root structure.

Proto-North Caucasian: *q̇_wič̣V / *č̣_iq̇wV (~-ä-)

Meaning: spleen; small intestine

Proto-Avaro-Andian: *q̇:(ʷ)ič̣:i/č̣:iq̇:(ʷ)i

Proto-Tsezian: *č̣iʁV

Proto-Lak: q̇uč̣

Proto-Khinalug: č̣ɨḳɨld

Notes: Reconstructed for the PEC level. A "tense" root with two stops, liable to metatheses and as-/dissimilations, which makes reconstruction somewhat difficult. [Note that PTs *č̣iʁV is a result of dissimilation < *č̣iq̇V - the PTs phoneme *-ʁ- is very rare and can only occur as a result of secondary processes. However, Inkh. č̣iq̇i 'spleen' - which could be a remnant of the original non-dissimilated root - should better be considered a loan from Tind. č̣iq̇:i.] The situation is further complicated by the fact that there exists another PNC root, *ḳ_wĭc̣Ĕ / *c̣_ĭḳwĔ (q.v.) with a similar meaning which certainly favours contaminations. Since within reflexes of both roots there is a variation of two basic meanings - "spleen" and "small intestine" - it is most probable that one of the roots meant originally "spleen", and the other - "small intestine", but now the meanings are hardly possible to attribute.

Proto-Tsezian: *č̣iʁV

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: small intestine

Tsezi: č̣eʁerijo

Bezhta: č̣ič̣iχ

Gunzib: č̣ič̣iχ

Comments: PGB *č̣ič̣iχ (with reduplication).

Lak root: q̇uč̣

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: spleen

Lak form: q̇uč̣

Khinalug root: č̣ɨḳɨld

North Caucasian etymology: 994

Meaning: intestine

Khinalug form: č̣ɨḳɨld

Avar-Andian etymology :

North Caucasian etymology :

Tsezian etymology :

Lak etymology :

Khinalug etymology :