Abkhaz-Adyghe etymology :

Proto-West-Caucasian: *χʷǝnǝc̣ʷV

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: dirt, mire

Abkhaz: a-ħʷǝnć̣̌á

Abaza: ħʷǝnč̣ʷǝ

Comments: PAT *ħʷǝnǝc̣ʷV.

North Caucasian etymology :

Proto-North Caucasian: *qānVc̣_wV

Sino-Caucasian etymology: Sino-Caucasian etymology

Meaning: dirt

Proto-Avaro-Andian: *qa(n)c̣:V (~χ-,-o-)

Proto-Tsezian: *q̇ɨc A

Proto-Lezghian: *χanc̣(a)

Proto-West Caucasian: *χʷǝnǝc̣ʷV

Notes: An expressive root, with usual (especially in cases of roots with two stops) assimilations (PWC *χʷǝnǝc̣ʷV < *χǝnǝc̣ʷV) and shifts of laryngeal features (PTs *q̇ɨc < *qɨc̣). Otherwise more or less regular.

Avar-Andian etymology :

Protoform: *qa(n)c̣:V (~χ-,-o-)

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: saliva

Chamalal: χaṣ (U.-Gakv.)

Comments: Cf. also Cham. Gad., Gig. χac̣:i id. The meaning "saliva" is due to contamination with PA *hac̣:i "saliva" q.v. (reflected in Cham. L.-Gakv. haṣ).

Tsezian etymology :

Proto-Tsezian: *q̇ɨc A

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: 1 dirt 2 swamp 3 mud, slash

Tsezi: q̇ec 1,3

Khvarshi: q̇ec 1,3

Inkhokvari: q̇ɨc 3

Bezhta: q̇ica 2

Gunzib: q̇ɨca 2

Comments: PTsKh *q̇ɨc; PGB *q̇ɨca (cf. also Bezht. Khosh. q̇ica). The form with final -a is probably an original oblique stem (cf. Tsez. q̇eca-, Inkh. q̇ɨca-).

Lezghian etymology :

Proto-Lezghian: *χanc̣(a)

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: 1 a layer of hardened dirt 2 crust

Lezghian: χanc̣ 1

Tabasaran: χaχanc̣ 2

Comment: The Tab. form is reduplicated. Obl. base unknown.

Sino-Caucasian etymology :

Proto-Sino-Caucasian: *qā́nc̣wV ( ~ *xq-)

Meaning: dirt, rubbish

North Caucasian: *qānVc̣_wV

Yenisseian: *qeʔs

Burushaski: /*qhurc /

Comments and references : [Cf. also Bur. Nag. kac̣ `sediment'; Hun., Nag. qhiỵé `kleine Steine, Kies'; PEC *GoʒV `dirt'; Bur. *qhurc rather = *GoʒV < *Go(r)sdV].

Yenisseian etymology :

Proto-Yenisseian: *qeʔs (~χ-)

Sino-Caucasian etymology: Sino-Caucasian etymology

Meaning: sand, sandy shore

Ket: qɛʔś, pl. qɛŕeŋ⁵ (Bak., Sur. qɛdǝŋ⁵)

Yug: xɛʔs, (Werner 2, 84) pl. χɛ́d́iŋ

Comments: ССЕ 257. Rather strange is the plural form pointing to *qeʔʒ- (~χ-,-ǯ-): a suppletive stem? or a compound *qeʔs+ *ʔeʔǯVŋ (see *ʔeʔǯ- 'damp sand')? Werner 1, 84-85 <*qeʔs / *qeʔt'>: relates here Arin kes, Pump. kit 'stone', despite the fact that these forms completely regularly reflect a different root, PY *čɨʔs 'stone'. He also tries to connect Kott. hanaŋ 'shore', on the Uralic origin of which see under *qäʔj.

Burushaski etymology :

Common Burushaski: *qhurc

Sino-Caucasian Etymology: Sino-Caucasian Etymology

Meaning: dust

Yasin: xorc

Hunza: qhurc

Nagar: qhurc

Comments: Sh. khuc `Mehlstaub'

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