Севернокавказская этимология : Выводить со всеми ссылками

PROTO: *q̇wīlc̣ŏmV

MEANING: mule

COMMENT: Reconstructed for the PEC level. The listed forms are most probably genuine (old interlingual borrowings are not excluded, but phonetically the PN, Av.-And. and Lak. forms correspond well to each other). A loan from Old Av. or Old Lak. is probably Arch. q̇urc̣em 'mule' (since it is isolated within Lezghian).

Нахская этимология :

Протонахский: *bʡārc̣on

СК этимология: СК этимология

Значение: mule

Чеченский: bʕarza

Ингушский: bʕarza

Бацбийский: bʕarc̣õ

Комментарии: Cf. also Shar. bʕorʒõ, Itumk. bʕārʒã (pointing to a long vowel in PN). 4th class in Chech., Ing., 5th class in Bacb. In Ing. we would expect *bʕɔrza; the form bʕarza is probably a result of vowel levelling (on analogy with the obl. base *bʡārc̣ana-).

Аваро-андийская этимология :

Праформа: *q̇ʷirc̣im / *ʁʷirc̣im

СК этимология: СК этимология

Значение: mule

Аварский: ʕorc̣én

Чадаколоб: ʕurč̣én

Андийский: Gurc̣im

Чамалинский: ʁoc̣ũ

Тиндинский: ʁorc̣in

Багвалинский: ʁurc̣um

Комментарии: Av. paradigm B (ʕorc̣á-dul, ʕorc̣á-bi; Chad. ʕurč̣ní-l, ʕurč̣éna-l /ʕurč̣-bí). Cf. also Cham. Gig. χuzin (with a late dissimilation: χuzin < *ʁuzin < *ʁʷirc̣im). Several Andian forms are not inherited, but borrowed from Av. (as seen from the initial reflex ʕ-): Akhv. ʕoc̣ino, Ratl. ʕorc̣ini, Kar. ʕurc̣ina, Arch. ʕorc̣imo, Rac. ʕurc̣im, Tok. ħorc̣in, God. ʕorc̣in.

The root is also spread in Tsezian languages, but only as a loan (as is clearly seen from the preservation of medial -r-). Recent loans from Av. are Gin. hurc̣um, Bezht. Tlad. ʕürc̣en, Khosh. χorc̣on (this form may also havean Andian origin), Gunz. horc̣om. A more ancient loan from Andian (or Avaro-Andian) is PTsKh *q̇ʷirc̣(u)ne reflected in Tsez. q̇ʷer(e)c̣ni, Inkh. q̇urc̣une.

Севернокавказская этимология :

Нахская этимология :

Аваро-андийская этимология :

Лакская этимология :