North Caucasian etymology :

Proto-North Caucasian: *kŏc̣a (~-e)

Meaning: a k. of bone

Proto-Tsezian: *ḳoc̣u

Proto-Lezghian: *ḳac̣a

Proto-Khinalug: kɨz

Notes: Reconstructed for the PEC level. Phonetically the forms correspond well to each other, but the semantic variation ("vertebra"/"back of head", on one side, and "part of shin; thigh, hip", on the other side) give reason for some doubts in the validity of reconstruction.

Tsezian etymology :

Proto-Tsezian: *ḳoc̣u

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: back of head

Gunzib: ḳoc̣u

Comments: ḳoc̣u is the MSU notation; Bokarev writes ḳoco, thus the correctness of the form is still to be checked.

Lezghian etymology :

Proto-Lezghian: *ḳac̣a

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: 1 vertebra 2 (upper) part of shin

Agul: ḳac̣ 1

Tsakhur: kɨc̣a 2

Comment: The PL paradigm must be reconstructed as *kac̣a ( > Ag. ḳac̣ with assimilation), obl. *koc̣ä- ( > Tsakh. obl. kɨc̣a-, spread also to dir. kɨc̣a). The root must have denoted some small bone.

Khinalug etymology :

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