North Caucasian etymology :

Proto-North Caucasian: *Hxǝ̄mV̆

Meaning: leather strip, rope, string

Proto-Nakh: *m(ɦ)ēχV (~-ʕ-,-ā-)

Proto-Avaro-Andian: *ʔinʎo (~-ƛ-)

Proto-Tsezian: *ʔõʎ B (~-ʎ:)

Proto-Lak: xumū

Proto-West Caucasian: *xa

Notes: Correspondences are regular; a typical case of the HCVCV̆ structure.

Nakh etymology :

Proto-Nakh: *m(ɦ)ēχV (~-ʕ-,-ā-)

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: leather strip to be cut in threads; harness thread

Chechen: mēχa

Comments: Attested only in Chech., but having probable external parallels.

Avar-Andian etymology :

Protoform: *ʔinʎo (~-ƛ-)

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: 1 broad leather strip 2 leather rope

Andian language: iʎo-b 1

Chamalal: ĩʎa 1

Tindi: iʎa 2

Karata: iʎa-bo 2 (L-Enkh.)

Comments: In Cham. the root means 'leather rope for fastening hay' (cf. also Cham. Gig. iʎa-b 'leather rope'); in Tind. - 'leather rope for donkey-tethering'.

Tsezian etymology :

Proto-Tsezian: *ʔõʎ B (~-ʎ:)

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: 1 leather rope 2 leather strip

Tsezi: oʎ (Radzhibov)

Khvarshi: ĩʎ (Radzhibov)

Inkhokvari: ẽʎ 2

Bezhta: ö̃ʎ 1

Comments: PTsKh *ʔö̃ʎ.

Lak etymology :

Lak root: xumū

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: rope, string

Lak form: xumū

Abkhaz-Adyghe etymology :

Proto-West-Caucasian: *xa

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: 1 thread (in spindle,skein) 2 scrap of thread; fibre

Abkhaz: a-χá 1

Abaza: χa-c 2

Comments: Cf. also Abkh. Bzyb. a-xá. In Abaz. - a compound with the singulative stem -c(ǝ).

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