North Caucasian etymology :

Proto-North Caucasian: *ɣɨ̆mtV

Sino-Caucasian etymology: Sino-Caucasian etymology

Meaning: stool; pillow

Proto-Nakh: *ʁant ( ~ -ā-)

Proto-Avaro-Andian: *ʔotu ( ~ -a-)

Proto-Dargwa: *ɣuta

Proto-Lezghian: *k:u(m)taj

Notes: Reconstructed for the PEC level. Correspondences are regular. The original meaning must have been simply "wooden block", used as a support both while sitting and while sleeping (the custom of using wooden pillows is nowadays spread only in South East Asia, but was probably more widely spread earlier).

Nakh etymology :

Proto-Nakh: *ʁant ( ~ -ā-)

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: 1 chair 2 bench

Chechen: ʁant 1,2

Ingush: ʁand 1

Comments: Cf. also Cheb., Shar. ʁanit 'chair' (with secondary -i-). Final -d in Ing. is not clear. 3d class in both languages.

Avar-Andian etymology :

Protoform: *ʔotu ( ~ -a-)

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: stool

Tindi: atu

Comments: Attested only in Tind., but having probable external parallels.

Dargwa etymology :

Proto-Dargwa: *ɣuta

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: chair

Akusha: uta

Comments: Cf. also Mek. uta, Kub. guta id.

Lezghian etymology :

Proto-Lezghian: *k:u(m)taj

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: pillow

Tabasaran: guta

Agul: gutaj (Bursh.)

Comment: Cf. also Tab. Düb. gutaj id.

Sino-Caucasian etymology :

Proto-Sino-Caucasian: *ɣɨ̆́mtV̆

Meaning: a k. of seat or couch

North Caucasian: *ɣɨ̆mtV

Sino-Tibetan: *gŭm

Yenisseian: *qoʔTVs- (~χ-)

Comments and references : HGC 33, NSC 56 *ɣVmtV.

Sino-Tibetan etymology :

Proto-Sino-Tibetan: *gŭm

Sino-Caucasian etymology: Sino-Caucasian etymology

Meaning: pillow, bed

Burmese: khum block bench, stool, table, raised brick or stone foundation of a building or pillar, base.

Kachin: lǝkhum⁴ a chair, a stool, (H) duŋkhum a pillow.

Lushai: khum a bed, KC *m-khum.

Lepcha: kám, a-kám a block of wood or stone used as a seat; thjak-kam, tăkám a pillow

Kiranti: *kom (/-ŋ)

Comments: Kanauri kum; Trung u¹-kǝm¹ pillow. Cf. also Burm. um pillow. Sh. 44, 133; Ben. 143.

Kiranti etymology :

Proto-Kiranti: *kom (/-ŋ)

Sino-Tibetan etymology: Sino-Tibetan etymology

Meaning: pillow (in comp.)

Tulung: kom-si

Kaling: 'dɔŋ-ku ( = L tākkhoŋ)

Limbu: tākkhoŋ

Kulung: tɔŋkɔ

Yamphu: koŋma 'to use smth. as a pillow', täkkoŋ 'pillow'

Comments: Most languages reflect a compound with an element *dáŋ, perhaps = *dhǝ̀ŋ 'head'.

Limbu dictionary :

Entry: ko:Nmaʔ, -ko:ks-/-ko:N-

Kiranti etymology: Kiranti etymology

Grammar: vt.

Meaning: get oneself a pillow, use something as a pillow

Comments: ko:ksɛʔ! get yourself a pillow!; sira:ni ko:ksuN I've got myself a pillow; cf. ko:kmaʔ.

Kulung dictionary :

Entry: tɔNkɔ

Kiranti etymology: Kiranti etymology

Grammar: n.

Meaning: pillow

Nepali: sirānī.

Yamphu dictionary :

Entry: koŋma II

Kiranti etymology: Kiranti etymology

Stem: <koks- ; koŋ->

Grammar: v.tr.

Meaning: to use something as a pillow

Comments: thutta.noʔ koks.e! (log.EXF use_as_pillow.IMP) Use this log as a pillow!

Nepali: sirān lāunu

Yenisseian etymology :

Proto-Yenisseian: *qoTVs- (~χ-)

Sino-Caucasian etymology: Sino-Caucasian etymology

Meaning: bed

Yug: xɔtsi⁵, pl. -nɨŋ⁵ (cf. also χɔ́tar 'bottom (of boat)', see Werner 2, 393)

Arin: qoskor (М., Сл., Кл.)

Pumpokol: xatɨ́s (Сл.)

Comments: ССЕ 264. Pump. xatɨ́s is probably a recording of the Yug form. Werner 2, 394 *qotsǝ / *qotǝsǝ.

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