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North Caucasian etymology :
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Proto-North Caucasian: *ʁwĭnʔV
Meaning: name of a season
Notes: It is interesting to note that the roots meaning 'summer' and 'winter' have reversed their meanings in PN. The whole problem of reconstructing seasonal subdivisions in PNC still awaits investigation (there probably existed several major generic terms and a variety of names for relatively short periods of time, just as in modern languages). Despite semantic difficulties, it seems hardly possible to separate the Nakh forms from the rest.
caucet-prnum,caucet-meaning,caucet-nakh,caucet-lak,caucet-darg,caucet-abad,caucet-comment,
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Nakh etymology :
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Proto-Nakh: *ʡa
Meaning: winter
Chechen: ʕa
Ingush: ʕa
Batsbi: ʕa
Comments: 3d class in all languages. Obl. base *ʕane- (cf. Chech. ʕäna-, Ing. ʕano). Cf. also Akk., Pharch. ʕa.
nakhet-prnum,nakhet-meaning,nakhet-che,nakhet-ing,nakhet-bcb,nakhet-comment,
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Lak etymology :
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Lak root: ʁʷi
Meaning: summer
Lak form: ʁi
Comments: Gen. ʁin-tni-l. Cf. Khosr. ʁʷi, ʁʷin-tni-l id.
laket-prnum,laket-meaning,laket-lak,laket-comment,
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Dargwa etymology :
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Proto-Dargwa: *ha(ni)
Meaning: summer
Chiragh: ha
Comments: Cf. also Chir. hane 'in summer', Kub. hani-ši 'summer', Kait. han(a)-ši id.
darget-prnum,darget-meaning,darget-chr,darget-comment,
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Abkhaz-Adyghe etymology :
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Proto-West-Caucasian: *ʁ́Iʷa
Meaning: 1 spring 2 time, term, season
Abkhaz: ā́-pǝn 1
Abaza: ʕa-pnǝ 1
Adyghe: jǝ-ʁʷa 2
Kabardian: jǝ-ʁʷa 2
Ubykh: wa-fá-da 1
Comments: See on the PAT and Ub. compounds under *pʷV 'spring' (PWC *ʁ́Iʷa-pʷV-). PAK *jǝ-ʁʷá contains a pronominal prefix *jǝ-. PWC *ʁ́Iʷa should be kept separate from PWC *ʁ́a 'time, age' (q.v.): although reflexes of both roots have merged in PAT *ʕa-, the PAT form *ʕa-pǝ-(nǝ) 'spring' is very hard to separate from Ub. wa-fá-da, and PAT *ʕ (instead of expected *ʕʷ) must be explained by dissimilatory delabialisation (before following *-p-). In AK and Ubykh the two roots are still quite distinctly opposed.
abadet-prnum,abadet-meaning,abadet-abk,abadet-aba,abadet-adg,abadet-kab,abadet-ubk,abadet-comment,
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Sino-Caucasian etymology :
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Proto-Sino-Caucasian: *[ʁ]wĕnʔV
Meaning: season, time
Comments and references : WFR 61.
sccet-meaning,sccet-cauc,sccet-stib,sccet-buru,sccet-basq,sccet-notes,
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Sino-Tibetan etymology :
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Proto-Sino-Tibetan: *G(h)ŭn
Meaning: season, winter
Tibetan: dgun winter.
Lushai: hun time, season.
stibet-prnum,stibet-meaning,stibet-tib,stibet-lush,
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Burushaski etymology :
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Common Burushaski: *khēn
Meaning: time
Yasin: khen
Hunza: khḗn
Nagar: khḗn
Comments: Sh. khḗn
buruet-prnum,buruet-meaning,buruet-yas,buruet-hun,buruet-ngr,buruet-notes,
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Basque etymology :
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Proto-Basque: *negu
Meaning: winter
Bizkaian: negu
Gipuzkoan: negu
High Navarrese: negu
Low Navarrese: negu
Lapurdian: negu
Zuberoan: négü
Roncalese: negu
Comments: The Bsq-NC comparison requires metathesis: PNC *ʁwĭnʔV ~ PSC *nʔĭʁwV > Bsq *negu.
basqet-prnum,basqet-meaning,basqet-bzk,basqet-gip,basqet-anv,basqet-bnv,basqet-lab,basqet-zbr,basqet-rnc,basqet-comments,
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