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North Caucasian etymology :
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Proto-North Caucasian: *=as_Ar
Meaning: to throw; to leave, let
Notes: A common NC verbal root; note its frequent combination with *tV- (either prefixed or suffixed, possibly a reflexion of an old compound with *=atVr- 'to let, to be (located)'). Kartvelian *tas- / *tes- 'to sow' is hardly related genetically: most probably it is a loan from early Nakh or Adygh. See Abdokov 1983, 180-181.
caucet-prnum,caucet-meaning,caucet-nakh,caucet-aand,caucet-lezg,caucet-abad,caucet-comment,
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Nakh etymology :
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Proto-Nakh: *t-as-
Meaning: 1 to throw, scatter 2 to sow 3 to leave
Chechen: tas- 1,2
Ingush: tass- 1,2
Batsbi: tas- 1,3
Comments: Gemination in Ing. -ss- is not quite clear.
nakhet-prnum,nakhet-meaning,nakhet-che,nakhet-ing,nakhet-bcb,nakhet-comment,
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Avar-Andian etymology :
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Protoform: *=is:t- ( ~ -š:t-)
Meaning: to let, leave
Chadakolob: =ecé-
Andian language: =elt-
Akhvakh: =es:- (Ratl.)
Chamalal: =es:-
Tindi: =ešt-
Karata: =eš:d-
Comments: The stem is probably an old compound of *=is:- ( = PL *=as:ar-) and *=it- 'to let' (q.v.), with a special development of the specific cluster *-s:t-.
aandet-prnum,aandet-meaning,aandet-avc,aandet-and,aandet-akv,aandet-chm,aandet-tnd,aandet-krt,aandet-comment,
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Lezghian etymology :
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Proto-Lezghian: *ʔas:ar-
Meaning: 1 to throw 2 to leave 2 to put
Tabasaran: a=s- 1 (Düb.)
Tsakhur: h-a=s:ar- 2
Budukh: o=sur- 2,3
Comment: The Bud. root is used only as a durative stem (in present, prohibitive).
lezget-prnum,lezget-meaning,lezget-tab,lezget-cak,lezget-bud,lezget-comment,
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Abkhaz-Adyghe etymology :
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Proto-West-Caucasian: *(p)sV
Meaning: 1 to scatter 2 to sow
Abkhaz: a-ta-psa-rá 1
Abaza: ta-psa-ra 1,2
Kabardian: te-sa-n 1
Ubykh: wa-s(ǝ)- 2
Comments: PAT *pǝsa- (used only with preverbs, cf. also *ḳa-pǝsa- 'to throw, scatter'). See Shagirov 1962,53, Abdokov 1973,72, Shagirov 2,72 (with literature). In view of this etymology, the Ubykh merger with wa-s(ǝ)- 'to sit in' appears secondary.
abadet-prnum,abadet-meaning,abadet-abk,abadet-aba,abadet-kab,abadet-ubk,abadet-comment,
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Sino-Caucasian etymology :
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Proto-Sino-Caucasian: *=ásA
Meaning: to throw, sow
Comments and references : Cf. perhaps PST *sej `fruit, plant'.
sccet-meaning,sccet-prnum,sccet-cauc,sccet-yen,sccet-notes,
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Yenisseian etymology :
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Proto-Yenisseian: *ʔes-
Meaning: to sow; to throw
Ket: sus (Сл.) "to sow"; eś-kij6 "to throw", d-estъ:3, (Werner 1, 249) ɛ́ś-tij 'to shoot'
Yug: ɛsɨʔ (Werner 1, 249) 'to throw'; d-estǝu 'to shoot'
Kottish: ačōʔuk "sowing"; ačōʔukŋ "to sow", praet. ačōlaʔukŋ, imp. ačālčuk, pass. ačōlāʔuki; het-ča, hit-ča 'shooting', hit-čā-kŋ 'to shoot' (het- = hat 'fire'); Ass. (Сл.) pičiga "to sow"
Arin: pis (Сл.) "to sow"; (Лоск.) s-og-ontem 'I throw'
Pumpokol: kónčadin (Сл.) "to sow" ?
Comments: ССЕ 188-189, 204. Roots for "throwing" and "sowing" are probably to be united (although they are divided in ССЕ). Ass. pičiga and Ar. pis may belong here if p- is a class marker. One should also take into account that these Assan and Arin forms, as well as the Pumpokol one, may actually reflect a faulty translation, being very close phonetically to the words for 'evening' and 'dark' - see on that Werner 2, 173. See also Werner 1, 247-248, 249-250, 317 (forms meaning "throw", without reconstruction).
yenet-prnum,yenet-meaning,yenet-ket,yenet-sym,yenet-kot,yenet-ari,yenet-pum,yenet-notes,
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Long-range etymologies :
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Borean (approx.) : CVHV
Meaning : seed; to sift
Amerind (misc.) : ? *icu 'seed' (R 616) [+ K] globet-meaning,globet-nostr,globet-scc,globet-amer,
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Nostratic etymology :
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Eurasiatic: *sVjHV
Meaning: to sift
Comments: ? Same root as *cwVHV
nostret-meaning,nostret-prnum,nostret-ier,nostret-alt,nostret-ura,nostret-notes,
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Indo-European etymology :
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Proto-IE: *sēy-
Meaning: to sift
Old Greek: ēthéō, aor. ptc. (Hp. ap. Gal.) ē̂sas `(durch)seihen, (durch)sieben', ēthmó-s (Inschr. hethmos) `Durchschlag, Sieb'; hi-maliá = tò epímetron tō̂n aleúrōn Hsch.
Celtic: *sītlo- > MIr sithlad `das Sieben'; Cymr hidl
Albanian: šoš `siebe'
Russ. meaning: просеивать
Comments: This root differs in Balto-Slavic accentologically from *sē- 'to sow'.
piet-prnum,piet-meaning,piet-greek,piet-slav,piet-balt,piet-germ,piet-celt,piet-alb,piet-rusmean,piet-refer,piet-comment,
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Vasmer's dictionary :
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Word: си́то,
Near etymology: укр. си́то, блр. сíто, болг. си́то, сербохорв. си̏то, словен. síto, чеш. síto, слвц. sito, польск. sito, н.-луж. sуtо.
Further etymology: Праслав. *sitо из *sēi-to, которое связано с се́ять, се́ю (см.). Ср. лит. síetas "мелкое сито", лтш. siêts, лит. sijóti, sijóju "просеивать", лтш. sijât -- то же, греч. ἤθω "просеиваю", ἠθμός м. "сито"; см. Траутман, ВSW 254; М.--Э. 3, 836, 861; Эндзелин, СБЭ 197; Перссон 362, 698; Педерсен, Kelt. Gr. I, 72; Мейе--Вайан 164.
Pages: 3,628
vasmer-general,vasmer-origin,vasmer-pages,
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Baltic etymology :
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Proto-Baltic: *seî-t-a- (2) c., *sij-ā̂- vb.
Meaning: sieve, sift
Lithuanian: síeta-s `Sieb, bes. feines Sieb'; sijṓti `durchsieben, sichten; fein schneien oder regnen'
Lettish: siêts 'Sieb; Weberkamm'; sijât (-ãju) 'sieben, beuteln; prüfen, kritisieren; fein regnen'
baltet-meaning,baltet-prnum,baltet-lith,baltet-lett,
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Germanic etymology :
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Proto-Germanic: *sēdla-n
Meaning: sieve
Old Norse: sāld n. `Sieb'
Norwegian: sɔld
Swedish: sɔll
Danish: sɔld, sold
Comments: > Fin siekla `Sieb'
germet-meaning,germet-prnum,germet-onord,germet-norw,germet-swed,germet-dan,germet-notes,
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Pokorny's dictionary :
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Number: 1659
Root: sē(i)-1
English meaning: to sift
German meaning: `sieben'
Derivatives: sē-tlo- `Sieb'
Material: Gr. ἤθω, ἤθέω `siebe', ἠθμός m. `Seihtuch, Sieb'; ablautend (wohl ī-) ἱμαλιά̄ τὸ ἐπίμετρον τω̃νἀλεύρων Hes., ἱμαλίς, -ίδος `Schutzgöttin der Mühlen' u. dgl.; (über lat. simila `feinstes Weizenmehl' s. aber WH. II 538); mir. sīthlad `das Sieben' (das th von sīthal `Eimer'); cymr.hidl, mbret. sizl, nbret. sil `Sieb' aus *sē-tlo- = aisl. sāld n. `Sieb' = got. *sēþl, vorausgesetzt durch karel. siekla, finn. seula `Sieb'; lit. síetas `Sieb' = aksl. sito ds. (*sēi-to-), lit. sijóju, -ti `sieben'; slav. *sějǫ, *sěti (*sějati) in aksl. pro-sěati `σινίασαι' serb. sȉjati `sieben', (Präs.-St. *sēi̯a-, Prät.-St. *sii̯ā-); alb. shosh `siebe'(*si̯ā-s); *sēi- `sieben' ist wohl als `durch ein Geflecht fallen lassen' eine Sonderanwendung von *sēi- `entsenden, werfen, säen, fallen lassen'.
References: WP. II 459, Trautmann 254.
Pages: 889
pokorny-root,pokorny-meaning,pokorny-ger_mean,pokorny-derivative,pokorny-material,pokorny-ref,pokorny-pages,pokorny-piet,
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Altaic etymology :
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Proto-Altaic: *săjgo
Meaning: to filter, ooze
Russian meaning: цедить, сочиться
Comments: EAS 85, KW 317, Владимирцов 194. Poppe 29, 59 (Turk.-Mong.), АПиПЯЯ 15. Mong. is hardly borrowed from Turk., despite Щербак 1997, 144. *-jg- is probable because of the TM reflex and loss of *-g- in Jpn.; Korean high tone (rather untypical for a verb) is also possibly due to contraction (see also *sắjV 'shallow place' - a possible source of contamination). altet-prnum,altet-meaning,altet-rusmean,altet-turc,altet-mong,altet-tung,altet-kor,altet-jap,altet-reference,
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Turkic etymology :
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Proto-Turkic: *sag-
Meaning: to milk
Russian meaning: доить
Old Turkic: saɣ- (OUygh.)
Turkish: sā-, dial. saɣ-
Tatar: saw-
Uzbek: sɔɣ-
Uighur: saɣ-
Sary-Yughur: saɣ-
Azerbaidzhan: saɣ-
Turkmen: saG-
Khakassian: saɣ-
Oyrat: sā-
Halaj: sa:ɣ-
Chuvash: sъʷv-
Yakut: ɨa-
Tuva: saɣ-
Kirghiz: sā-
Kazakh: saw-
Noghai: saw-
Gagauz: sā-
Karaim: sav-
Karakalpak: saw-
Salar: sax-
Kumyk: sav-
turcet-prnum,turcet-meaning,turcet-rusmean,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-alt,turcet-khal,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,turcet-tuv,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,turcet-nogx,turcet-gagx,turcet-krmx,turcet-klpx,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,turcet-reference,
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Mongolian etymology :
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Proto-Mongolian: *saɣa-
Meaning: to milk
Russian meaning: доить
Written Mongolian: saɣa- (L 656) Middle Mongolian: sa'a- (SH), sa- (MA 319) Khalkha: sā-
Buriat: hā-
Kalmuck: sā-
Ordos: sā-
Dongxian: sa-
Baoan: sā-
Shary-Yoghur: sā-
Monguor: s(w)ā- (SM 356), sāli 'animal qu'on trait, femelle (brebis, chèvre)' (SM 321) Comments: KW 317, MGCD 585. Mong. > Sol. saga- 'to milk', see Poppe 1961, 191. monget-prnum,monget-meaning,monget-rusmean,monget-wmo,monget-mmo,monget-hal,monget-bur,monget-kal,monget-ord,monget-dun,monget-bao,monget-dag,monget-yuy,monget-mgr,monget-mogh,monget-reference,
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Tungus etymology :
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Proto-Tungus-Manchu: *saji-ǯa (~-g-)
Meaning: sieve
Russian meaning: сито
Ulcha: sajǯa
Nanai: sajǯa
tunget-prnum,tunget-meaning,tunget-rusmean,tunget-ulc,tunget-nan,tunget-reference,
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Korean etymology :
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Proto-Korean: *sắi-
Meaning: to leak, ooze
Russian meaning: сочиться, протекать
Modern Korean: sǟ-
Middle Korean: sắi-
koret-prnum,koret-meaning,koret-rusmean,koret-phn,koret-ako,koret-reference,
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Japanese etymology :
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Proto-Japanese: *sú
Meaning: bamboo sieve, mat
Russian meaning: бамбуковое сито, циновка
Middle Japanese: sú
Tokyo: su
japet-prnum,japet-meaning,japet-rusmean,japet-mjp,japet-tok,japet-comments,
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Uralic etymology :
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Number: 916
Proto: *sokta
English meaning: to mix, sift
German meaning: umrühren, mischen
Finnish: (seuhto- 'umschütteln, umrühren, verwirren' - rejected by Redei)
Mordovian: suvtńe- (E), śifońd́e- (M) 'sieben', suvt́eme (E), śuft́em, śiftem 'Sieb'
Mari (Cheremis): šakta (KB), šokta- (U B), šokt- (M) 'sieben', šokte (B) 'Sieb'
Selkup: tuak͔ta-, têak͔tenge- (Ta.), tuok͔ta- (Ke.) 'mischen', tuek͔ta- (N) 'mischen, umrühren'
K. Redei's notes: *seuk-
uralet-proto,uralet-prnum,uralet-meaning,uralet-germmean,uralet-fin,uralet-mrd,uralet-mar,uralet-slk,uralet-redei,
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