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North Caucasian etymology :
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Proto-North Caucasian: *=HiʁwE(r)
Meaning: to beat
Notes: A common NC root; sometimes reduplicated (as in PTs and Lak). Correspondences are regular except for the PTs nasalisation, which has an obscure origin.
caucet-meaning,caucet-aand,caucet-cez,caucet-lak,caucet-lezg,caucet-abad,caucet-comment,
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Avar-Andian etymology :
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Protoform: *=uʁ- / *ʁur-
Meaning: 1 to hit 2 to break up, crush
Avar: ʁur- 2
Chamalal: =uʁ- 1
Tindi: =uʁ- 1,ʁurij- 2
Godoberi: =uʁ- 1
Comments: As in many other verbal roots, two stems are represented: stem I *=uʁ- and stem II *ʁu-r-.
aandet-prnum,aandet-meaning,aandet-ava,aandet-chm,aandet-tnd,aandet-gdb,aandet-comment,
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Tsezian etymology :
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Proto-Tsezian: *ʁ:ẽʁ:- B
Meaning: 1 to beat, forge 2 to crush, grind
Tsezi: ʁiʁ- 2
Ginukh: ʁeʁ- 2
Gunzib: hẽh- 1
Comments: PTsKh *ʁǝʁ-.
cezet-prnum,cezet-meaning,cezet-cez,cezet-gin,cezet-gnz,cezet-comment,
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Lak etymology :
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Lak root: ʁa=ʁa-
Meaning: to break
Lak form: ʁa=ʁa-n
Comments: G. pr. ʁa=ʁu-n. Cf. Khosr. ʁa=ʁa-n id.
laket-prnum,laket-meaning,laket-lak,laket-comment,
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Lezghian etymology :
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Proto-Lezghian: *ʔVʁI(ʷ)V
Meaning: 1 to beat, hit 2 to break
Tabasaran: u=ʁI- 2
Udi: duʁ-sun 1
Comment: Cf. also Tab. Düb. u=ʁI- 'to break'.
lezget-prnum,lezget-meaning,lezget-tab,lezget-udi,lezget-comment,
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Abkhaz-Adyghe etymology :
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Proto-West-Caucasian: *ʁ́IʷV
Meaning: 1 to beat 2 to beat up, whip
Abkhaz: a-ʕʷ-ra 2
Abaza: ʕʷ-ra 2
Adyghe: wa-n 1
Kabardian: wa-n 1
Comments: PAT *ʕʷǝ; PAK *wa. The AK root is compared by Dumézil (1971,158-159) with Ub. ja-, but the correspondence AK *w : Ub. j is irregular (whereas PAT *ʕʷ : PAK *w is normal and points to PWC *ʁ́Iʷ).
abadet-prnum,abadet-meaning,abadet-abk,abadet-aba,abadet-adg,abadet-kab,abadet-comment,
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