North Caucasian etymology :

Proto-North Caucasian: *k_[ī]śwV

Meaning: scythe (or a similar cutting tool)

Proto-Nakh: *kēs

Proto-Avaro-Andian: *kVš:V

Proto-Tsezian: *k[ɨ]s:ʷ- / -š:ʷ-

Proto-Lezghian: *kis(a)

Notes: Reconstructed for the PEC level. The root must have denoted some scythe-like tool for mowing grass. It also denotes the process of mowing (in PTs), and the result of mowing (stripe of mown grass) in PN. The vocalic reconstruction is not quite certain, because of variation in PTs and insufficiency of data in other subgroups.

Nakh etymology :

Proto-Nakh: *kēs(s)

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: a stripe of mown corn or grass

Chechen: kes

Ingush: kes

Comments: Chech. obl. base kēsa-ra-. 3d class in both languages.

Avar-Andian etymology :

Protoform: *kVš:V

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: a device for cutting hay

Avar: kašu (Ants.)

Comments: Cited from Микаилов 1959.

Tsezian etymology :

Proto-Tsezian: *k[ɨ]s:ʷ- / -š:ʷ-

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: 1 to mow 2 to shear, clip

Tsezi: kos- 1

Bezhta: kus-uʔ- 2 (Tlad.)

Gunzib: koš- 1

Comments: PGB *kuš- / *koš-. The root reveals a variation u/o (pointing to lost consonant labialisation) and *s:/*š: (typical for reflexes of PEC palatal sibilants).

Lezghian etymology :

Proto-Lezghian: *kis(a)

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: fork

Archi: kis

Comment: Attested only in Archi, but having probable external parallels.

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