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North Caucasian etymology :
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Proto-North Caucasian: *kɨ̆wrV
Meaning: hair
Notes: Reconstructed for the PEC level. The combination with -w- is reconstructed to account for the labialised vowel in PN and PD; it also explains a specific behaviour of -r- (as if it were in a cluster with a laryngeal). Abdokov (1983, 75) tries to connect the root with PAK *sakʷǝ 'mane' (q.v.), which is hardly justified.
caucet-prnum,caucet-meaning,caucet-nakh,caucet-aand,caucet-cez,caucet-darg,caucet-comment,
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Nakh etymology :
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Proto-Nakh: *kur
Meaning: tuft of hair, forelock
Chechen: kur
Comments: Obl. base küra-. The word is isolated in Chech., but has reliable external parallels.
nakhet-prnum,nakhet-meaning,nakhet-che,nakhet-comment,
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Avar-Andian etymology :
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Protoform: *karHV (~ -o-)
Meaning: hair
Avar: kar
Akhvakh: kari
Chamalal: čā
Tindi: ḱara
Comments: Av. paradigm A or C (pl. kára-l). Cf. also Cham. Gig. čaj (which points to the combination *-rH- in PA).
aandet-prnum,aandet-meaning,aandet-ava,aandet-akv,aandet-chm,aandet-tnd,aandet-comment,
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Tsezian etymology :
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Proto-Tsezian: *kẽ B
Meaning: hair
Khvarshi: ka
Inkhokvari: kõ
Bezhta: kera
Gunzib: kera
Comments: PTsKh *kǝ̃, obl. *kǝRa- (cf. Khvarsh. kala-, Inkh. with analogous nasalization kõla-), PGB *kera. The oblique stem in PTs must be reconstructed as *kera- (cf. the situation in PTsKh); it had substituted the former direct base in PGB.
cezet-prnum,cezet-meaning,cezet-khv,cezet-inh,cezet-bzt,cezet-gnz,cezet-comment,
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Dargwa etymology :
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Proto-Dargwa: *kur
Meaning: horse's mane
Chiragh: kur
darget-prnum,darget-meaning,darget-chr,
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Sino-Caucasian etymology :
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Proto-Sino-Caucasian: *kɨ̆wrV́
Meaning: hair
Comments and references : HGC 19. sccet-meaning,sccet-prnum,sccet-cauc,sccet-stib,sccet-notes,
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Sino-Tibetan etymology :
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Proto-Sino-Tibetan: *rǝ̆ (*k-rǝ̆)
Meaning: hair
Chinese: (?) 氂 *r_ǝ hair.
Tibetan: skra the hair of the head.
Kachin: kǝra3 the hair on the head, cf. also (H) lǝga the hair, esp. of a dead person.
Comments: BG: Dimasa kho-ro, Garo skho hair; Namsangia kho head; Kanauri kra. Sh. 123, 427; Ben. 38.
stibet-prnum,stibet-meaning,stibet-chin,stibet-tib,stibet-kach,stibet-comments,
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Long-range etymologies :
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Borean (approx.) : KVRV
Meaning : hair, head
African (misc.) : ? Cf. Bantu *-gụ́ídí 'hair'.
globet-meaning,globet-nostr,globet-scc,globet-afr,
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Nostratic etymology :
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Eurasiatic: *q̇irV
Meaning: head
Uralic: BF *kīrek 'crown of the head'
Kartvelian: Georg. q̇ira 'Kopfstand'
References: ND 1157 *ḲirHV ( = *q̇[i]rʕV) 'top, crown of the head'. nostret-meaning,nostret-prnum,nostret-ier,nostret-ura,nostret-kart,nostret-reference,
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Indo-European etymology :
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Proto-IE: *k'ara-, *k'eras-, *k'rās-
Meaning: head
Hittite: harsar n. (r/n) 'Kopf', Luw., h.l. harmahi- id. (Tischler 184ff with doubts); kit-kar 'zu Häupten' (596-597)
Tokharian: B krāñi 'nape of the neck' (Adams 214)
Old Indian: śíraḥ n. (nom., acc. ) `head, skull', gen. śīrṣṇáḥ, abl. śīrṣatáḥ; śīrṣá- n. `head, upper part'
Avestan: sarah- n. 'Kopf'
Armenian: sar `Höhe, Gipfel, Abhang'
Old Greek: kárǟ n. `Kopf', ep. gen. karǟ́atos, dat. -ati, pl. -ara; gen. krǟ́atos/krǟ̂tos, dat. -ati, pl. -ata (old -s-stem); hom. epì kár `auf dem Kopf'; éŋkăro-s 'the brain'; íŋkro-s m. = eŋképhalos Hdn.Gr., Hsch.; aná-kar 'up to or towards the head' (Hp. ap. Hal.); kárǟno-n, pl. -a, äol. karanno-n n. `Haupt, Kopf, Bergsgipfel'; krǟnío-n n. `Schädel, Hirnschale; Kopf', -krǟno-n `Kopf' (epí-, potí- , olé-, kio(nó)etc.), krǟno-kopéō `den Kopf abhauen'
Latin: cerebrum, -ī `Gehirn', cervīx, -īcis f. `Nacken, Genick'
Celtic: Bret kern `Scheitel, Wirbel des Kopfes'
Russ. meaning: голова
References: WP I 403 f
Comments: Cf. *k'era(w)-, *k'rū- #487 'horn'
piet-meaning,piet-hitt,piet-tokh,piet-ind,piet-avest,piet-arm,piet-greek,piet-germ,piet-lat,piet-celt,piet-rusmean,piet-refer,piet-comment,
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Germanic etymology :
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Proto-Germanic: *xirzniá-n, *xirznḗn; *xírsēn
Meaning: brain
Old Norse: hjarni m. `Gehirn'; hjarsi, hjassi m. `Scheitel'
Norwegian: hjerne
Swedish: hjärna, hjärne
Danish: hjerne
Old English: härn (~ härne ?), -es m., n.? `brain'
Middle English: pl. hernes
English: dial. harns
Dutch: pl. hersenen, hersens, heersens
Middle Low German: hē̆rne, harne
Old High German: hirni (8.Jh.)
Middle High German: hirn(e), hërne st. n. 'hirn, gehirn'
German: Hirn n.
germet-meaning,germet-prnum,germet-onord,germet-norw,germet-swed,germet-dan,germet-oengl,germet-mengl,germet-engl,germet-dutch,germet-mlg,germet-ohg,germet-mhg,germet-hg,
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