North Caucasian etymology :

Proto-North Caucasian: *bɨ̆nš_wV

Meaning: pipe; horn

Proto-Nakh: *marš (~-ā-)

Proto-Avaro-Andian: *ma(r)š:u (~-o-)

Proto-Tsezian: *b[ẽ]š:ʷV

Proto-West Caucasian: *pǝ̃ša

Notes: The semantic correlation 'pipe' : 'horn' is quite usual, and the comparison of the PEC and PWC forms seems plausible (*pǝ̃ša with assimilative unvoicing < *bǝ̃ša; labialisation is lost in PWC, as often, after the initial labial). The PN reflex *marš raises some doubts: we should regularly expect *barš. This, and the isolated position of the Chech. word, suggests a loan, possibly from some Av.-And. source (see comments on the PA form, suggesting the existence of some Av. dialectal form like *marš:u).

Nakh etymology :

Proto-Nakh: *marš (~-ā-)

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: hose; sausage

Chechen: marš

Comments: Attested only in Chech., but having reliable external parallels.

Avar-Andian etymology :

Protoform: *ma(r)š:u (~-o-)

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: 1 pipe 2 flue

Avar: maš:ú 1

Chamalal: mas:u 2 (Gig.)

Karata: maš:u 1

Comments: In Cham. (U.-Gakv.) the word is reflected as maršʷ 'flue'. This is irregular (normally *š: > Cham. s:, cf. the regular reflex in Gig. mas:u, existing together with a variant maš:u - the latter obviously borrowed from Avar) and suggests the existence of an Av. dialectal form *marš:u > Cham. maršʷ.

Tsezian etymology :

Proto-Tsezian: *b[ẽ]š:ʷV

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: 1 pipe 2 vein, blood vessel

Tsezi: miša 1,2

Ginukh: biša 1,2

Khvarshi: miša (Radzhibov)

Inkhokvari: muša 1,2

Gunzib: mušu 1

Comments: PTsKh *b[ẽ]šʷa (the vowel correspondence is not quite clear); cf. also Gin. bišan-qos 'gullet'.

Abkhaz-Adyghe etymology :

Proto-West-Caucasian: *pǝ̃ša

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: 1 root 2 horn, horn matter

Abkhaz: á-msa 2

Abaza: msa 2

Adyghe: ʎā-psa 1

Kabardian: q:wa-ps 1

Ubykh: ʎa-msá 1

Comments: PAT *mǝśa (cf. also Bz. á-mśa). PAK *-psa in compounds: *ʎa-psá 'root, bottom part' (in Kab. 'base') /here *ʎa- is obviously 'foot, bottom'/; in Kab. q:ʷa-ps 'root' the first part is probably *q:ʷa 'horn' q.v. Ub. ʎa-msá (def. á-ʎamsa) is an exact match of PAK *ʎa-psá.

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