North Caucasian etymology :

Proto-North Caucasian: *ṭVnḳǝ̆

Sino-Caucasian etymology: Sino-Caucasian etymology

Meaning: freckle, mole; bead

Proto-Avaro-Andian: *ṭanḳV

Proto-Lak: ṭunka

Proto-Lezghian: *ṭinḳ

Notes: Reconstructed for the PEC level. An expressive root (although the relationship of Av.-And., Lak. and Ag. forms is obvious). The 1st syllable vowel is hard to reconstruct. In Lak. -k- (instead of -ḳ-) is either a result of secondary dissimilation, or of contamination with ṭink 'pimple, rash' (see *ṭimƛwV).

Avar-Andian etymology :

Protoform: *ṭanḳV

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: 1 dot, spot 2 freckles

Avar: ṭanḳ 1

Andian language: ṭanḳi-lol 2

Akhvakh: ṭãḳa 1

Tindi: ṭinḳʷa-bi 2

Godoberi: ṭanḳ-e 2

Comments: Av. pl. ṭánḳa-l (thus probably paradigm C). All the Andian forms are pluralia tantum. The Tind. form has an irregular shape (*ṭanḳabi would be expected) due to contamination with the synonymous ḳʷinṭabi (see *ḳʷinṭV).

Lak etymology :

Lak root: ṭunka

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: bead

Lak form: ṭunka

Lezghian etymology :

Proto-Lezghian: *ṭinḳ

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: birth-mark, mole

Agul: ṭinḳ (Bursh.)

Comment: Isolated in Ag., but having probable external parallels.

Sino-Caucasian etymology :

Proto-Sino-Caucasian: *[ṭ]Vnḳǝ̆

Meaning: spot

North Caucasian: *ṭVnḳǝ̆

Sino-Tibetan: *theŋ

Sino-Tibetan etymology :

Proto-Sino-Tibetan: *theŋ

Sino-Caucasian etymology: Sino-Caucasian etymology

Meaning: spotted

Burmese: thaŋh be spotted.

Kachin: (H) nteŋ be spotted.

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