North Caucasian etymology :

Proto-North Caucasian: *ćä̆dV̆ ( ~ č-)

Meaning: leather sack, bellows

Proto-Tsezian: *š(:)idV ( ~ ž-)

Proto-Lezghian: *č:at:

Proto-West Caucasian: *č́adǝ

Notes: The root is not very widely spread, but seems reliable both phonetically and semantically. In PL there occurred a usual assimilation (*č:at: < *čat:). For PNC we could also reconstruct *č- - if we would suppose that this assimilation occurred already in PEC (*čä̆dV > *ǯä̆dV): since the PTs form is reconstructed only on Gunz. and Bezht. evidence, it could contain either *š:- ( < PEC *ć-) or *ž- ( < PEC *ǯ-).

Tsezian etymology :

Proto-Tsezian: *š(:)idV ( ~ ž-)

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: wineskin, leather sack

Bezhta: šede

Gunzib: bišid

Comments: PGB *š[i]dV (cf. also Bezht. Khosh. šeda, Tlad. šedä). The Gunz. form is actually a compound beš 'leather' + *šid 'sack'.

Lezghian etymology :

Proto-Lezghian: *č:at:

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: 1 bellows 2 smithy

Lezghian: č:ad 2

Tabasaran: ǯadan 2

Agul: ǯad 2 (Fit.)

Rutul: ǯad 1 (Khnov.)

Comment: Obl. base *č:at:ɨ- (cf. Lezg. č:at:u-); the Tab. form contains a productive suffix -an. Cf. also Ag. Burk. (with metathesis) daǯ 'bellows', Bursh. plur. tant. ǯanar ( < *ǯadn-ar = Tab. ǯadan-ar) id.

Abkhaz-Adyghe etymology :

Proto-West-Caucasian: *č́adǝ

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: bellows

Adyghe: š́ǝdǝ-bž́ǝ

Kabardian: šadǝ-bź

Comments: PAK *č́adǝ-bž́ǝ́ (the second component is not clear). PAK *č́- presupposes PWC *č́ or *čʷ.

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