Tsezian etymology :

Proto-Tsezian: *cõ/B/-ṭɔ̃/A/

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: navel

Tsezi: co-ṭori

Ginukh: či-ṭo

Khvarshi: ce-ṭona (Radzhibov)

Inkhokvari: ce-ṭon

Bezhta: co-ṭaro

Gunzib: co-ṭor

Comments: The word is originally a compound ("navel"+"nipple,pimple"). The PTs paradigm may be reconstructed as *cõ-ṭɔ̃, *cõ-ṭɔrǝ- > PTsKh *cö-ṭõ, *cö-ṭoRǝ-, PGB *ṭɔr(ǝ) (direct base from oblique).

North Caucasian etymology :

Proto-North Caucasian: *ʒ_ŏnʔŭ

Sino-Caucasian etymology: Sino-Caucasian etymology

Meaning: navel

Proto-Nakh: *c̣an-ḳu

Proto-Avaro-Andian: *c̣:unHV

Proto-Tsezian: *cõ/B/-ṭɔ̃/A/

Proto-Lak: c̣un

Proto-Dargwa: *zu

Proto-Lezghian: *c̣:an

Proto-Khinalug: c̣um

Notes: Reconstructed for the PEC level. Correspondences are fully regular.

Nakh etymology :

Proto-Nakh: *c̣an-ḳu

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: navel

Chechen: c̣onga

Ingush: c̣ong

Comments: Cf. also Chech. It. c̣ang. 3d class in Chech., 4th class in Ing. The form contains a suffix *-ḳu (probably a variant of the more usual diminutive *-iḳ).

Avar-Andian etymology :

Protoform: *c̣:unHV

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: navel

Avar: c̣:ínu

Chadakolob: c̣ínu

Andian language: c̣:unno

Akhvakh: c̣:un

Chamalal: ṣũj

Tindi: c:ū̃

Karata: c̣:undu-l

Botlikh: c̣:uni

Bagvalal: c̣:uni

Godoberi: c:ini

Comments: Av. paradigm C (c̣:iná-lzul, c̣:ína-bi; Chad. c̣iná-ldul /but also c̣ínu-l/, c̣ínu-jal/c̣ína-l). Cf. also God. Zib. c:una, Kar. Anch. c̣:ũj. In And. and Kar. (Karata proper; cf. also Rats. c̣:undi, Tok. c̣:undul, c̣:unṭul) there is a dental suffix (usual in words with former *-nH- clusters).

Lak etymology :

Lak root: c̣un

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: navel

Lak form: c̣un

Dargwa etymology :

Proto-Dargwa: *zu

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: navel

Chiragh: zu

Lezghian etymology :

Proto-Lezghian: *c̣:an

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: 1 navel 2 fruit stone

Rutul: dan 1

Tsakhur: dan 1

Archi: c̣an 1

Udi: c:an 1,2

Comment: In Rut. and Tsakh. the root has merged phonetically with PL *t:an 'cheek' (q.v.) and is used now only in compounds (Rut. uxnid dan, Tsakh. wuxnen dan "belly's navel"). 3d class in Rut. and Tsakh., 4th class in Arch.

    See Гигинейшвили 1977, 73.

Khinalug etymology :

Sino-Caucasian etymology :

Proto-Sino-Caucasian: *ʒó̆ŋʔŭ

Meaning: navel

North Caucasian: *ʒ_ŏnʔŭ

Burushaski: *-sú[m]

Comments and references : MCGD 5

Burushaski etymology :

Common Burushaski: *-sú[m]

Sino-Caucasian Etymology: Sino-Caucasian Etymology

Meaning: umbilical cord

Yasin: -su, pl. -súmu

Hunza: -súi, pl. súimuc

Nagar: -súi, pl. súimuc

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