Tsezian etymology :

Proto-Tsezian: *-aƛ-

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: to beat 1: to stick into

Tsezi: c-aƛ-

Ginukh: h-aƛ- 1

Khvarshi: ħ-aƛ- 1

Bezhta: χ-äƛ- 1

Gunzib: χ-aƛ-

Comments: PTsKh *-aƛ-, PGB *χ-aƛ-. The root is used with expressive preverbs (cf. also Tsez. ħ-aƛ- 'to stick into'). Tsez. ƛaħʷ- 'to tear, burst' may be a parallel for the Proto-Av.-And. derivate *ƛ̣:ʷa-h- 'to burst, to shoot' (see above).

North Caucasian etymology :

Proto-North Caucasian: *=Vƛ̣_Vw

Sino-Caucasian etymology: Sino-Caucasian etymology

Meaning: to beat, hit

Proto-Avaro-Andian: *ƛ̣:ab- ( ~ -o-)

Proto-Tsezian: *-aƛ-

Proto-Lezghian: *=Vƛ̣:ʷe

Notes: Basically an Av.-And.-Tsezian isogloss, but the Agul parallel makes the PEC reconstruction probable.

Avar-Andian etymology :

Protoform: *ƛ̣:ab- ( ~ -o-)

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: 1 to beat, hit 2 to burst, shoot

Avar: ƛ̣:ab-

Chadakolob: ƛ̣aṗ-

Andian language: ƛ̣:a-hun-/-ṭun- 2

Chamalal: =iƛ̣:ʷal-

Tindi: ƛ̣:ʷē-

Karata: ƛ̣:ab- (Anch.)

Comments: The stem *ƛ̣:ʷa- with different suffixes is also used in expressive verbs meaning 'to burst, to shoot': besides And. ƛ̣:ahun- / ƛ̣:aṭun- cf. also Av. ƛ̣:ʷah- (Chad. ƛ̣ʷah-), Cham. ƛ̣a-d-, Tind. ƛ̣:ʷah-ij-. A loan from Avar is Gunz. ƛ̣ahzi =ɔq- 'to burst'.

Lezghian etymology :

Proto-Lezghian: *=Vƛ̣:ʷe

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: to butt

Agul: al-ak:ʷi- (Bursh.)

Comment: The root is attested only in Agul, but has probable external parallels.

Sino-Caucasian etymology :

Proto-Sino-Caucasian: *=V́ƛ̣V(w)

Meaning: to pound, strike

North Caucasian: *=Vƛ̣_Vw

Sino-Tibetan: *ƛɨak (~ -ua-)

Burushaski: *-ltá-n-

Basque: *labur̄

Comments and references : DCE 32.

Sino-Tibetan etymology :

Proto-Sino-Tibetan: *ƛɨak (~ -ua-)

Sino-Caucasian etymology: Sino-Caucasian etymology

Meaning: strike, kick

Tibetan: lćag strike, blow, cut, hit.

Burmese: kjauk to kick, push (with foot).

Lushai: tloʔ to kick (with the bottom of the foot).

Burushaski etymology :

Common Burushaski: *-lta-n-

Sino-Caucasian Etymology: Sino-Caucasian Etymology

Meaning: to pound

Yasin: tán- / -ltán-

Hunza: tan-́ / -ltán-

Nagar: tan-́ / -ltán-

Basque etymology :

Proto-Basque: *labur̄

Sino-Caucasian etymology: Sino-Caucasian etymology

Meaning: short, brief

Bizkaian: labur

Gipuzkoan: labur

High Navarrese: (Larraun) labur

Salazarese: labur

Zuberoan: lábür, llábür

Roncalese: labur

Comments: 'short' < 'pounded down'? For phonology, cf. Avar ƛ̣:ab- 'to beat', etc., compared with Bsq *labur̄ by Bouda (1948). cf. also (BNV) labo 'myopic, nearsighted' (short of vision).

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