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Tsezian etymology :
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Proto-Tsezian: *žebu B
Meaning: liver
Tsezi: žubi
Ginukh: žubo
Khvarshi: žiba (Radzhibov)
Inkhokvari: žubu
Bezhta: šebo
Gunzib: šebu
Comments: PTsKh *žubǝ, PGB *šebu; a metathesis of vowels must be assumed for PTsKh.
cezet-prnum,cezet-meaning,cezet-cez,cezet-gin,cezet-khv,cezet-inh,cezet-bzt,cezet-gnz,cezet-comment,
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North Caucasian etymology :
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Proto-North Caucasian: *ǯăwV
Meaning: kidney; gall
Proto-West Caucasian: *žǝ Notes: The PN form has been transformed under influence of *stim 'gall' q.v. Otherwise the correspondences are regular. For phonetic reasons, as well as because of another quite satisfactory etymology, one must give up the comparison of PWC *žǝ with Av. c:in, PN *stim etc. 'gall', proposed by Trubetzkoy (1930, 278; see also Шагиров 1, 205).
caucet-prnum,caucet-meaning,caucet-nakh,caucet-aand,caucet-cez,caucet-abad,caucet-comment,
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Nakh etymology :
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Proto-Nakh: *ǯim
Meaning: kidney
Chechen: žim
Ingush: žim
Batsbi: žĩ
Comments: Obl. base *ǯamu-r- (cf. Ing. žomar-) / *ǯima- (Chech. žima-). 6th class in all languagess.
nakhet-prnum,nakhet-meaning,nakhet-che,nakhet-ing,nakhet-bcb,nakhet-comment,
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Avar-Andian etymology :
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Protoform: *žV(bV)
Meaning: kidney
Avar: baʕár-žo
Comments: Cf. also úrhis:a-žo id. In modern Av. the component -žo here is perceived as žo 'thing' ('red thing', 'inner thing'); this is obviously a folk etymology, and Av. -žo = PTs *žebu etc. It is interesting to note also Arch. žan 'spleen' which must be a borrowing from old Avar (but contaminated with Av. žan / < Pers./ 'soul').
aandet-prnum,aandet-meaning,aandet-ava,aandet-comment,
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Abkhaz-Adyghe etymology :
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Proto-West-Caucasian: *žǝ
Meaning: gall
Abkhaz: á-z
Abaza: az
Adyghe: zazǝ
Kabardian: zaz
Ubykh: -ca (?)
Comments: PAT *(a)źǝ (cf. Bzyb. - in Marr's notation - á-ź); PAK (reduplicated) *zazǝ. Ub. -ca may be observed in c̣ʷa-cá 'gall' - assimilation from *c̣ʷa-zá (?); note that Ub. zaza 'gall' (recorded by Dirr), as well as Abaz. zaz (coexisting with the genuine az), is an Adygh loanword. The correspondence PAK, Ub. z : PAT *ź points to PWC *ž.
See Trubetzkoy 1930, 86; Шакрыл 1968, 25; Aбдоков 1973, 52; Шагиров 1977, 205.
abadet-prnum,abadet-meaning,abadet-abk,abadet-aba,abadet-adg,abadet-kab,abadet-ubk,abadet-comment,
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Sino-Caucasian etymology :
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Proto-Sino-Caucasian: *šdăbV́
Meaning: internal organ
Comments and references : HGC 26. Cf. ND *ǯʷḗy 'heart' (?) sccet-meaning,sccet-prnum,sccet-cauc,sccet-stib,sccet-yen,sccet-buru,sccet-basq,sccet-notes,
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Sino-Tibetan etymology :
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Proto-Sino-Tibetan: *cuap ( ~ ć-)
Meaning: lung
Burmese: ćhut the lungs.
Lushai: čuap the lungs, KC *M-tśuap.
Comments: Garo ka-sop; Newari swo. Ben. 56.
stibet-prnum,stibet-meaning,stibet-burm,stibet-lush,stibet-kir,stibet-comments,
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Kiranti etymology :
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Proto-Kiranti: *cV(p)-ba
Meaning: heart
Kaling: 'cö (Toba)
Comments: The word structure is not quite clear.
kiret-prnum,kiret-meaning,kiret-kal,kiret-dum,kiret-kul,kiret-notes,
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Dumi dictionary :
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Entry: tsuba
Grammar: n.
Meaning: heart
Nepali: muṭu, hrödaya
dumet-prnum,dumet-pspeech,dumet-meaning,dumet-nepali,dumet-comments,
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Kulung dictionary :
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Entry: cɔwa
Grammar: n.
Meaning: heart
Nepali: muṭu.
kulet-prnum,kulet-pspeech,kulet-meaning,kulet-nepali,
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Yenisseian etymology :
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Proto-Yenisseian: *tVpVĺ- (~-b-)
Meaning: spleen
Kottish: tebolä (Бол.)
Arin: tabre (Лоск.)
Comments: ССЕ 292. See also in the lemma *seŋ 'liver'. Werner 2, 230.
yenet-prnum,yenet-meaning,yenet-kot,yenet-ari,yenet-notes,
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Burushaski etymology :
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Common Burushaski: *ćhap
Meaning: meat
Yasin: ćap
Hunza: ćhap
Nagar: ćhap
buruet-prnum,buruet-meaning,buruet-yas,buruet-hun,buruet-ngr,
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Basque etymology :
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Proto-Basque: *śabe-l
Meaning: belly
Bizkaian: sabel
Gipuzkoan: sabel
High Navarrese: sabel
Low Navarrese: sabel
Lapurdian: sabel
Baztanese: sabel
Zuberoan: sábel
Roncalese: sabel
Comments: Also BZK GIP ema-sabel 'womb' ('female-belly').
basqet-prnum,basqet-meaning,basqet-bzk,basqet-gip,basqet-anv,basqet-bnv,basqet-lab,basqet-bzt,basqet-zbr,basqet-rnc,basqet-comments,
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Long-range etymologies :
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Borean (approx.) : CVPV
Meaning : fat, intestines
Afroasiatic : *ŝVbVħ- 'fat', ECush. *subaħ- 'butter'
globet-meaning,globet-nostr,globet-afas,globet-scc,globet-reference,
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Nostratic etymology :
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Eurasiatic: *c`ebV
Meaning: flesh, fat
Indo-European: ?Lat. sēbum 'tallow'
Uralic: *ćowja, ćojwa
References: ND 2183 *ŝäb(V)XV 'tallow, animal fat' (IE, Alt + SH). nostret-meaning,nostret-prnum,nostret-ier,nostret-alt,nostret-ura,nostret-drav,nostret-reference,
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Altaic etymology :
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Proto-Altaic: *sepV
Meaning: inner fat, entrails
Russian meaning: внутренний жир, кишки
Comments: A Mong.-Tung. isogloss. Cf. perhaps mod. Turkic forms like Turk. suǯuq 'entrail' etc. - perhaps < PT *sab-čuk.
altet-prnum,altet-meaning,altet-rusmean,altet-mong,altet-tung,altet-reference,
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Mongolian etymology :
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Proto-Mongolian: *sebe-sü
Meaning: entrails of animals; cud; spittle of camels
Russian meaning: содержимое кишок жвачных животных; жвачка; плевок верблюда
Written Mongolian: sebesü(n), sebüsü(n) (L 679) Khalkha: sevs
Buriat: hebhe(n)
Kalmuck: sewsṇ
Ordos: sewesu(n)
Shary-Yoghur: sǝwēsǝn
monget-prnum,monget-meaning,monget-rusmean,monget-wmo,monget-hal,monget-bur,monget-kal,monget-ord,monget-yuy,monget-reference,
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Tungus etymology :
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Proto-Tungus-Manchu: *sebe
Meaning: 1 inner fat (of animals) 2 to melt fat
Russian meaning: 1 внутренний жир (животных) 2 вытапливать жир
Evenki: sewen 1, sewe- 2
Even: hewje 'one of bear's names'
Orok: seɣine 1
Oroch: sewe- 2
Udighe: sewesi- 2
tunget-prnum,tunget-meaning,tunget-rusmean,tunget-evk,tunget-evn,tunget-ork,tunget-orc,tunget-ude,tunget-reference,
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Uralic etymology :
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Dravidian etymology :
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Proto-Dravidian : *Sav- (?)
Meaning : flesh, meat
Notes : Correspondences are unclear.
dravet-meaning,dravet-prnum,dravet-gnd,dravet-bra,dravet-notes,
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Gondwan etymology :
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Proto-Gondi-Kui : *sav-
Meaning : flesh
gndet-meaning,gndet-prnum,gndet-gon,
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Gondi etymology :
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Proto-Gondi : *sav-i
Meaning : flesh, meat
Betul Gondi : sawwī
Mandla Gondi (Williamson) : sāwī
Mandla Gondi (Phailbus) : savvī
Muria Gondi : havi "flesh, meat, gum of tooth"
Maria Gondi : aviŋ, havi
Seoni Gondi : havi "flesh, meat, gum of tooth"
Koya Gondi : aviŋ
Yeotmal Gondi : savvi
Chindwara Gondi : savvi
Adilabad Gondi : savi
Number in DED : 3373
Number in CVOTGD : 3359
gonet-meaning,gonet-prnum,gonet-gondi_tr,gonet-gondi_w,gonet-gondi_ph,gonet-gondi_mu,gonet-gondi_ma,gonet-gondi_s,gonet-gondi_ko,gonet-gondi_y,gonet-gondi_ch,gonet-gondi_a,gonet-dednum,gonet-voc_num,
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Brahui etymology :
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Brahui : sū
Meaning : flesh, meat
Number in DED : 3373
braet-meaning,braet-prnum,braet-dednum,
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