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Tsezian etymology :
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Proto-Tsezian: *χ:emuχ: (~ʁ)
Meaning: root
Bezhta: χemuχ
Gunzib: χumuχ
Comments: PGB *χemuχ (-u- in the first syllable in Gunz. is a result of assimilation).
cezet-prnum,cezet-meaning,cezet-bzt,cezet-gnz,cezet-comment,
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North Caucasian etymology :
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Proto-North Caucasian: *mɨ̆rq_wă ( ~ -ā-, -ǝ̆)
Meaning: root
Notes: Correspondences are regular. The root is securely reconstructed for PNC.
caucet-prnum,caucet-meaning,caucet-cez,caucet-lak,caucet-darg,caucet-lezg,caucet-abad,caucet-comment,
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Lak etymology :
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Lak root: marχ:a
Meaning: root
Lak form: marχ:a
laket-prnum,laket-meaning,laket-lak,
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Dargwa etymology :
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Proto-Dargwa: *marq:ʷa
Meaning: 1 stump 2 root
Akusha: marq:a 1
Chiragh: marq:wa 2
darget-prnum,darget-meaning,darget-drg,darget-chr,
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Lezghian etymology :
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Proto-Lezghian: *marqʷ
Meaning: 1 root 2 stake
Agul: marqIʷ 1
Udi: maq 3
Comment: Within Agul (Richa dialect) the word has partially contaminated with another PL root *malq̇Iʷ q.v. (which explains the Agul pharyngealization); Arch. marχ:u 'root' is obviously a Lak. loanword.
lezget-prnum,lezget-meaning,lezget-agu,lezget-udi,lezget-comment,
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Abkhaz-Adyghe etymology :
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Proto-West-Caucasian: *pǝ̃χʷǝ
Meaning: 1 carrot 2 maize stalk
Abkhaz: á-pħʷ (Bzyb.) 2
Adyghe: pχǝ 1
Kabardian: pχǝ 1
Ubykh: mǝχǝ́ 2
Comments: The PAK form *pχǝ corresponds very well to Abkh. and Ub. (semantically: *'root' > a) '(maize) stalk'; b) 'carrot'). The comparison with Abaz. šʷχǝ 'carrot' (Shagirov 2,24) is phonetically impossible. Adygh > Osset. äpχä 'carrot' (see Abayev 1, 171). Variations in labialisation (*χʷ / *χ) are explained by dissimilation to the initial labial consonant.
abadet-prnum,abadet-meaning,abadet-abk,abadet-adg,abadet-kab,abadet-ubk,abadet-comment,
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Sino-Caucasian etymology :
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Proto-Sino-Caucasian: *mɨ̆́rqwă ( ~ -xq-, -ā-, -ǝ̆)
Meaning: root
Sino-Tibetan: LB *mLok ( ~ -r-) 'yam' ?
sccet-meaning,sccet-prnum,sccet-cauc,sccet-stib,
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Long-range etymologies :
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Borean (approx.) : MVRKV
Meaning : horn; root
Afroasiatic : *mVrḳ- 'tendon, horn' (Cush., Chad.)
Reference : ND 1454 (for SH). globet-meaning,globet-nostr,globet-afas,globet-scc,globet-reference,
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Nostratic etymology :
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Eurasiatic: *mVrgV
Meaning: horn
Altaic: Mong. mörge- 'to butt', Evk. mormūkān 'рога молодого оленя'
References: Cf. *mVrḳV
nostret-meaning,nostret-prnum,nostret-ier,nostret-alt,nostret-drav,nostret-reference,
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Indo-European etymology :
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Proto-IE: *mreK-
Meaning: marrow, sinciput
Old Greek: brekhmó-s m.; brékhma n., brégma n. `Vorderkopf, Oberschädel'
Russ. meaning: головной мозг, темя
piet-prnum,piet-meaning,piet-greek,piet-germ,piet-rusmean,piet-refer,
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Germanic etymology :
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Proto-Germanic: *bragna-n
Meaning: brain
Old English: brägn (brägen, bragen), -es n. `brain'
English: brain
Old Frisian: brein
Middle Dutch: brein `hersenen', dial. brāgen
Dutch: brein
Middle Low German: brāgen, brēgen
germet-meaning,germet-prnum,germet-oengl,germet-engl,germet-ofris,germet-mdutch,germet-dutch,germet-mlg,
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Pokorny's dictionary :
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Number: 1336
Root: mregh-m(n)o-
English meaning: brain
German meaning: `Hirnschale, Hirn'
Material: Gr. βρεχμός, βρέχμα n. (und βρέγμα) `Vorderkopf, Oberschädel', ags. bregen, brægen n. `Gehirn' (engl. brain), afries. brein, mnd. bragen, bregen, nhd. Brägen m. ds.
References: WP. II 314.
Pages: 750
pokorny-root,pokorny-meaning,pokorny-ger_mean,pokorny-material,pokorny-ref,pokorny-pages,pokorny-piet,
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Dravidian etymology :
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Proto-Dravidian : *mar-[g-]
Meaning : horn
Proto-South Dravidian: *mar- Proto-North Dravidian : *marg- dravet-meaning,dravet-prnum,dravet-sdr,dravet-ndr,dravet-bra,
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South Dravidian etymology :
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Proto-South Dravidian : *mar-
Meaning : horn
Tamil : maruppu
Tamil meaning : horn of a beast, elephant's husk, part of a lute, branch of a tree, horns of crescent moon, ginger
Number in DED : 4720
sdret-meaning,sdret-prnum,sdret-tam,sdret-tammean,sdret-dednum,
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North Dravidian etymology :
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Proto-North-Dravidian : *marg-
Meaning : horn
Kurukh : marAg "horn, antler"
Malto : margu "horns"
Additional forms : Also MLT margo male deer.
Number in DED : 4720
ndret-meaning,ndret-prnum,ndret-kur,ndret-mlt,ndret-addition,ndret-dednum,
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Brahui etymology :
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Brahui : marg_h_
Meaning : horn
Number in DED : 4720
braet-meaning,braet-prnum,braet-dednum,
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