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Dargwa etymology :
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Proto-Dargwa: *beḳ
Meaning: hand
Akusha: beḳ-naIq:
Chiragh: beḳ-naIq:
Comments: The word became homonymous with PD *beḳ 'head', thus the compound beḳ-naIq: is presently understood as "head-arm", which is obviously a folk etymology.
darget-prnum,darget-meaning,darget-drg,darget-chr,darget-comment,
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North Caucasian etymology :
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Proto-North Caucasian: *bHaḳV (/*ḳHabV)
Meaning: palm of hand, hand
Notes: Reconstructed for the PEC level. The situation is rather typical, as for most words of the CVCV structure with two stops: we observe metatheses (thus it is hard to choose between *bHaḳV and *ḳHabV) and as-/dissimilative processes. In this case it concerns the Lak. form (with progressive glottalisation) and the PL form: most probably the original *ḳHabV changed to *gHabV > PL *k:ap: through assimilation; later in a part of Lezghian dialects there occurred a new dissimilation (*k:ap: > *k:ap).
caucet-prnum,caucet-meaning,caucet-aand,caucet-lak,caucet-darg,caucet-lezg,caucet-comment,
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Avar-Andian etymology :
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Protoform: *baḳa (~o)
Meaning: palm of hand
Akhvakh: baḳa
Comments: Attested only in Akhv., but having probable external parallels.
aandet-prnum,aandet-meaning,aandet-akv,aandet-comment,
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Lak etymology :
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Lak root: č̣aIṗa
Meaning: palm of hand
Lak form: č̣aIṗa
laket-prnum,laket-meaning,laket-lak,
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Lezghian etymology :
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Proto-Lezghian: *k:ap / *k:ap:
Meaning: 1 hand 2 paw 3 hand-clapping
Lezghian: k:ap, kapaš 1
Agul: gap 1
Rutul: gap 4
Kryz: gäbäč 3
Comment: Cf. also Lezg. Khl. k:ap:ač 'hand', Rut. Khniukh. kaba-q̇an, Ag. Burk. gap 'palm of hand'. -ač/-aš in Lezg. and Kryz. are expressive suffixes. The word belongs to the 4th class in Rut. and Kryz. Reflexes reveal a variation of laryngeal features, common for roots of this type (with two stops).
lezget-prnum,lezget-meaning,lezget-lzg,lezget-agu,lezget-rut,lezget-krz,lezget-comment,
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Sino-Caucasian etymology :
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Proto-Sino-Caucasian: *bHaxḳV́
Meaning: arm, hand
Comments and references : For PNC *ḳHabV cf. also PY *qob-ǯV- `palm'. Somewhat differently in HGC 25. sccet-meaning,sccet-prnum,sccet-cauc,sccet-stib,sccet-buru,sccet-notes,
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Sino-Tibetan etymology :
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Proto-Sino-Tibetan: *Pek ( ~ w-)
Meaning: hand, arm
Tibetan: phjag hand (resp.).
stibet-prnum,stibet-meaning,stibet-chin,stibet-tib,
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Chinese characters :
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Character: 臂
Modern (Beijing) reading: bì
Preclassic Old Chinese: peks
Classic Old Chinese: peh
Western Han Chinese: peh
Eastern Han Chinese: pjeh
Early Postclassic Chinese: pjè
Middle Postclassic Chinese: pjè
Late Postclassic Chinese: pjè
Middle Chinese: pjè
English meaning : arm
Russian meaning[s]: рука от плеча до кисти; локоть
Radical: 130
Four-angle index: 3553
bigchina-reading,bigchina-ochn,bigchina-cchn,bigchina-wchn,bigchina-echn,bigchina-epchn,bigchina-mpchn,bigchina-lpchn,bigchina-mchn,bigchina-meaning,bigchina-oshanin,bigchina-stibet,bigchina-doc,bigchina-radical,bigchina-oshval,
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Chinese Dialects :
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Number: 2292
Character: 臂
MC description : 止開三去寘幫
ZIHUI: 5242 0539
Beijing: pi 3
Jinan: pei 3
Xi'an: pi 11
Taiyuan: pei 3
Hankou: pei 3
Chengdu: pei 3
Yangzhou: pǝi 3
Suzhou: pi 31
Wenzhou: pei 31
Changsha: pei 31
Shuangfeng: pi 12
Nanchang: pi 31
Meixian: pi 2
Guangzhou: pei 31
Xiamen: pi 31
Chaozhou: pi 31
Fuzhou: pie 31
Shanghai: pi 3
Zhongyuan yinyun: pei 3
doc-charref,doc-character,doc-mcinfo,doc-zihui,doc-beijing,doc-jinan,doc-xian,doc-taiyuan,doc-hankou,doc-chengdu,doc-yangzhou,doc-suzhou,doc-wenzhou,doc-changsha,doc-shuangfeng,doc-nanchang,doc-meixian,doc-guangzhou,doc-xiamen,doc-chaozhou,doc-fuzhou,doc-shanghai,doc-zhongyuan,
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Burushaski etymology :
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Common Burushaski: *baɣú
Meaning: armful
Hunza: baɣú
Nagar: baɣú
buruet-prnum,buruet-meaning,buruet-hun,buruet-ngr,
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Long-range etymologies :
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Borean (approx.) : PVKV
Meaning : hand, arm
Afroasiatic : ? Chad. *bak- ~ *pak-
Amerind (misc.) : *pok 'arm' (R 9), *baq (R 353) [+ A?]; *peko 'shoulder' (R 626) African (misc.) : Bantu *-bókò 'arm' or *-bègà 'shoulder'.
Reference : ND 176; GE 11 (+ ?Khois., NiC, NS, ?IP, dubious AA, Nahali). globet-meaning,globet-nostr,globet-afas,globet-scc,globet-amer,globet-afr,globet-reference,
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Nostratic etymology :
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Eurasiatic: *bVgu
Meaning: joint, limb
Dravidian: *AD *pāk- NDr 648 'to take in one's arms, lap'
References: Dybo 1989, 1996; ND 176 *bạgü 'forearm' (with smwh. different Alt.). nostret-meaning,nostret-prnum,nostret-ier,nostret-alt,nostret-drav,nostret-reference,
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Indo-European etymology :
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Proto-IE: *bhāg'h-u-
Meaning: arm, shoulder
Tokharian: A poke, B poko (pokai) (PT *pokai-) 'arm, limb' (Adams 403)
Old Indian: bāhú- m. `arm, esp. the fore-arm, arm between the elbow and wrist; fore-foot of an animal'
Avestan: bāzu- 'Arm'
Old Greek: pǟ̂khü-s, -eos/-eōs m. `Unterarm, Arm; Elle (als Mass)'
Russ. meaning: рука (arm), плечо
piet-prnum,piet-meaning,piet-tokh,piet-ind,piet-avest,piet-greek,piet-germ,piet-rusmean,piet-refer,
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Germanic etymology :
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Proto-Germanic: *bōgu-z, *bōgisla-n
Meaning: arm, shoulder
Old Norse: bōg-r, pl. acc. bōgu `Arm, Schulter, Bug'; bȫxl n. `Bug eines Tieres, Rückenflosse des Walfisches'
Norwegian: bog, baug `Arm, Schulter, Bug'; bögsl `Rückenflosse'
Swedish: bog
Danish: bov
Old English: bog (~ -ō) `arm, shoulder', bōga `shoulder of an animal; bough af a tree, sprig, sprout'
English: bough
Old Frisian: bōg `Bug, Zweig'
Old Saxon: bōg `Bug, Zweig'
Middle Low German: bōch `Schulter, Bug, Hüfte'
Old High German: buog (um 800) `Schulter(blatt)'
Middle High German: buoc (-g-) st. m. 'obergelenk des armes, achsel; obergelenk des beines, hüfte; knie, bei tieren der bug'
German: Bug m.
germet-meaning,germet-prnum,germet-onord,germet-norw,germet-swed,germet-dan,germet-oengl,germet-engl,germet-ofris,germet-osax,germet-mlg,germet-ohg,germet-mhg,germet-hg,
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Pokorny's dictionary :
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Number: 187
Root: bhāghú-s
English meaning: elbow, arm
German meaning: `Ellbogen und Unterarm'
Material: Ai. bāhú-ḥ m. `Arm, bes. Unterarm; bei Tieren Vorderfuß', av. bāzāu-š `Arm', Gen. bāzvō (arm. bazuk aus dem Iran.); gr. πη̃χυς, äol.-dor. πα̃χυς `Ellbogen, Unterarm', aisl. bōgr, Akk. PL bōgu `Arm, Schulter', ags. bōg `Schulter, Arm; Zweig', ahd. buog (nhd. Bug) `Schulter, Hüfte, Bug des Tieres';
toch. А В poke, В pauke `Arm'.
References: WP. II 130.
Pages: 108
pokorny-root,pokorny-meaning,pokorny-ger_mean,pokorny-material,pokorny-ref,pokorny-pages,pokorny-piet,
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Altaic etymology :
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Proto-Altaic: *bi̯ugu
Meaning: joint
Russian meaning: сустав
altet-prnum,altet-meaning,altet-rusmean,altet-turc,altet-mong,altet-tung,altet-jap,altet-reference,
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Turkic etymology :
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Proto-Turkic: *bogum
Meaning: joint
Russian meaning: сустав
Karakhanid: boɣɨm, boɣun (MK) Turkish: boɣun, boɣum
Tatar: buwɨn
Uzbek: bụɣin
Uighur: boɣam
Turkmen: boGun
Khakassian: pun
Oyrat: mun, pūn (dial.)
Kirghiz: mūn
Kazakh: buwɨn
Noghai: buwɨn
Bashkir: bɨwɨn
Karaim: buvun
Karakalpak: buwɨn
Kumyk: bɨwɨn
turcet-prnum,turcet-meaning,turcet-rusmean,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-alt,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,turcet-nogx,turcet-bas,turcet-krmx,turcet-klpx,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,turcet-reference,
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Mongolian etymology :
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Proto-Mongolian: *bog-
Meaning: collar bone, shoulder bone
Russian meaning: ключица, плечевая кость
Written Mongolian: boɣtu (L 111), 'arm bone, part of arm from shoulder to elbow, part of animal's front leg' (Kow. 1211) Khalkha: bogt(o) 'elbow bone'; buguj 'distal end of forearm, forearm, carpus'
Buriat: bogto 'shoulder bone'
Kalmuck: bōG, bokčǝ (čimgn), boktǝ 'shoulder bone'
Ordos: boGto 'elbow bone'; bugūi 'ankle' (Khorch.)
Comments: KW 49, 53, Дыбо 226. The variant *buguj ( < *boguj) is contaminating (and sometimes hard to separate from) *bugu-j 'bracelet, noose' (v. sub *bŭ̀kà). Mong. > Yak. boxto unuox 'animal's radial bone'. monget-prnum,monget-meaning,monget-rusmean,monget-wmo,monget-hal,monget-bur,monget-kal,monget-ord,monget-reference,
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Tungus etymology :
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Proto-Tungus-Manchu: *bog-
Meaning: 1 cuff, wristband 2 shoulder
Russian meaning: 1 обшлаг 2 плечо
Evenki: boɣjan 1
Even: bụjan 1
Udighe: bogdolo 2
Comments: ТМС 1, 87, 118. tunget-prnum,tunget-meaning,tunget-rusmean,tunget-evk,tunget-evn,tunget-ude,tunget-reference,
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Japanese etymology :
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Proto-Japanese: *pu
Meaning: joint, knot
Russian meaning: место соединения, узел
Old Japanese: pu
japet-prnum,japet-meaning,japet-rusmean,japet-ajp,japet-comments,
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