Dargwa etymology :

Proto-Dargwa: *=ilχVn-

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: to bind, to tie

Chiragh: =iχ- / =ilχ-

Comments: Cf. also Ur. =ihVn- / =ilh- 'to tie, bind'; PD *d-irχan / *d-irχala 'rope' (Chir. dirχala, Kub. dirχan).

North Caucasian etymology :

Proto-North Caucasian: *=ilχun

Meaning: to bind, tie

Proto-Avaro-Andian: *=iχVn

Proto-Tsezian: *ṭ-Vχ-

Proto-Lak: =a=ħi-

Proto-Dargwa: *=ilχVn-

Proto-West Caucasian: *χʷa ( ~ *χ́ʷ, χIʷ)

Notes: Correspondences are regular, and the PNC antiquity of the root seems secure.

Avar-Andian etymology :

Protoform: *=iχVn

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: 1 to tie, fasten 2 to unharness 3 leather rope

Avar: =uhn- 2

Akhvakh: ĩχa 3

Chamalal: =iχVn- 1

Tindi: =iχĩ- 1

Comments: The Akhv. word (cf. also Tseg., Tlan. erχam id.) reflects a derivate *ʔirχVn (*ʔirχVm).

Tsezian etymology :

Proto-Tsezian: *ṭ-Vχ-

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: to harness

Tsezi: ṭ-aħ-

Comments: The root is attested only in Tsez. (with a ṭ-preverb), thus the vocalic reconstruction is uncertain; but it has probable external parallels.

Lak etymology :

Lak root: =a=ħi-

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: to tie, bind, fasten

Lak form: =a=ħi-n

Comments: G. pr. =a=ħu-nu (Khosr. =aI=hi-n). Cf. also (with a preverb) t:iri=ħi-n (g. pr. t:iri=ħu-nu), Khosr. t:iriI=hi-n 'to untie, unbind'.

Abkhaz-Adyghe etymology :

Proto-West-Caucasian: *χʷa ( ~ *χ́ʷ, χIʷ)

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: to bind, tie, fasten

Abkhaz: a-č̣a-ħʷa-rá

Abaza: č̣a-ħʷa-ra

Comments: PAT *ħʷa (used only with preverbs, cf. also Abkh. áj-la-ħʷa-ra "to untie" etc.).

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