Dargwa etymology :

Proto-Dargwa: *kʷaχ:i

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: iron shovel (for shoveling up ashes)

Akusha: kaχi

Comments: Cf. also Ur. kʷaIχi (with secondary pharyngealisation), Tsud. kuχ:i, Kub. kʷaχ:a.

North Caucasian etymology :

Proto-North Caucasian: *kwāmχ_ē

Meaning: a k.of tool (scraper, shovel, fork)

Proto-Avaro-Andian: *kʷanχ:i ( ~ -o-)

Proto-Dargwa: *kʷaχ:i

Proto-Lezghian: *k(ʷ)Vχ(:)-

Proto-West Caucasian: *k:ʷaχʷa (~ḱ:ʷ,χ́ʷ)

Notes: A common NC cultural term. Correspondences are regular.

Avar-Andian etymology :

Protoform: *kʷanχ:i ( ~ -o-)

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: scraper, iron shovel

Avar: kʷarχ:í

Akhvakh: kʷãχ:i

Karata: kʷanχ:e

Comments: Av. paradigm B (kʷarχ:í-dul, kʷarχ:á-bi). Cf. also Akhv. Ratl. kʷanχ:i, Kar. Tok. koχ:i.

Lezghian etymology :

Proto-Lezghian: *k(ʷ)Vχ(:)-

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: scraper

Lezghian: kiχel

Comment: A suffixed form, attested only in Lezg. (-i- in the first weak syllable denotes actually a reduced vowel -ǝ-), thus the PL reconstruction is rather tentative.

Abkhaz-Adyghe etymology :

Proto-West-Caucasian: *k:ʷaχʷa (~ḱ:ʷ,χ́ʷ)

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: fork

Adyghe: kʷāχʷa

Kabardian: gʷāχʷa

Comments: PAK *k:ʷaχʷá. See Shagirov 1, 109, Kuipers 58. The Shaps. dialect here has variants k:ʷāχʷa / gʷāχʷa (where the form with gʷ- is irregular), the Abadz. dialect - gʷāχʷa (instead of expected kʷāχʷa). Forms with secondary gʷ- can be easily explained as secondary loans from lit. Kabardian, thus Shagirov's (ibid.) hypothesis about the word being borrowed from Mong. goxo 'hook' seems to have little ground.

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